{ "schema_version": "qanun-law-text/1", "id": "pk-code-0f3e30478e59c16f", "title": "National Excellence Institute Act, 2025", "source_collection": "Federal", "content_kind": "stored_law_text", "content_extent": null, "source_url": "https://pakistancode.gov.pk/alpha/UY2FqaJw1-apaUY2Fqa-apaUY2Npa5tibw%3D%3D-sg-jjjjjjjjjjjjj", "version": null, "source_snapshot": null, "legal_status": "not independently verified", "text_quality": "Complete stored UTF-8 TXT file recovered byte-for-byte from owned Drive. Source transcription retained verbatim; legal completeness, OCR accuracy and current consolidation unverified.", "text_sha256": "16631ced1db9b62630716270a4c8965b34331383cef09c8c28ce668508296bb1", "source_sha256": "16631ced1db9b62630716270a4c8965b34331383cef09c8c28ce668508296bb1", "text_version_id": "law:pk-code-0f3e30478e59c16f:sha256:16631ced1db9b62630716270a4c8965b34331383cef09c8c28ce668508296bb1", "quality_flags": [], "encoding": "UTF-8", "text": "Page 1 of 25 \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\nTHE NATIONAL EXCELLENCE INSTITUTE ACT, 2025 \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\nCONTENTS \r\nCHAPTER-I \r\nPRELIMINARY \r\n1. Short title and commencement \r\n2 Definitions \r\nCHAPTER-II \r\nTHE INSTITUTE \r\n3. Establishment and incorporation of the Institute \r\n4. Powers and functions of the Institute \r\n5. Institute open to all classes, creeds, etc. \r\n6. Teaching at the Institute \r\nCHAPTER-III \r\nOFFICERS OF THE INSTITUTE \r\n7. Principal officers \r\n8. Patron \r\n9. Visitation \r\n10. Chancellor \r\n11. Removal from the Board of Governors \r\n12. Vice-Chancellor \r\n13. Appointment and removal of the Vice-Chancellor \r\n14. Registrar \r\n \r\n\r\n \r\nPage 2 of 25 \r\n \r\n15. Treasurer \r\n16. Controller of Examinations \r\nCHAPTER-IV \r\nAUTHORITIES OF THE INSTITUTE \r\n17. Authorities \r\n18. Board of Governors \r\n19. Powers and functions of the Board of Governors \r\n20. Visitation \r\n21. Syndicate \r\n22. Powers and duties of the Syndicate \r\n23. Academic Council \r\n24. Delegation of powers \r\n25. Powers and functions of the Academic Council \r\n26. Appointment of committees by certain Authorities \r\nCHAPTER-V \r\nSTATUTES, REGULATIONS AND RULES \r\n27. Statutes \r\n28. Regulations \r\n29. Amendment and repeal of Statutes and Regulations \r\n30. Rules \r\nCHAPTER-VI \r\nINSTITUTE FUND \r\n31. Institute Fund \r\n32. Budget, audit and accounts \r\nCHAPTER-VII \r\nGENERAL PROVISIONS \r\n33. Opportunity to show cause \r\n34. Appeal to the Syndicate and the Board of Governors \r\n \r\nPage 3 of 25 \r\n \r\n35. Service of the Institute \r\n36. Benefits and insurance \r\n37. Commencement of term of office of members of Authority \r\n38. Filling of casual vacancies in Authorities \r\n39. Flaws in the constitution of Authorities \r\n40. Proceedings of Authorities not invalidated by vacancies \r\n41. First Statutes and Regulations \r\n42. Removal of difficulty \r\n43. Indemnity \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\nPage 4 of 25 \r\n \r\nTHE NATIONAL EXCELLENCE INSTITUTE ACT, 2025 \r\n \r\nACT NO. VII OF 2025 \r\n \r\n[16th February, 2025] \r\nAN \r\nACT \r\nto provide for the establishment of National Excellence Institute \r\nWHEREAS it is expedient to provide for the establishment of National Excellence Institute \r\nand for matters connected therewith and ancillary thereto; \r\nIt is hereby enacted as follows:__ \r\nCHAPTER-I \r\nPRELIMINARY \r\n1. Short title and commencement.__ (1) This Act shall be called the National Excellence \r\nInstitute Act, 2025. \r\n(2) It shall come into force at once. \r\n2. Definitions.__ In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,__ \r\n(a) “Academic Council” means the Academic Council of the Institute; \r\n(b) “Authority” means any of the Authorities of the Institute specified or set up in \r\nterms of section 17; \r\n(c) “Board of Go vernors” or “Board” means the Board o f Governors of the \r\nInstitute; \r\n(d) “Chancellor” means the Chancellor of the Institute; \r\n(e) “Commission” means the Hi gher Education Commission set up under the \r\nHigher Education Commission Ordinance, 2002 (LIII of 2002); \r\n(f) “constituent college” means an educational instit ution, by whatever name \r\ndescribed, maintained and administered by the Institute; \r\n(g) “Dean” means the head of a Facu1ty or the head of an academic body granted \r\nthe status of a Faculty by this Act or by the Statutes or Regulations; \r\n(h) “Department” means a tea ching department maintained and administered, or \r\nrecognized by the Institute in the prescribed manner; \r\n(i) “Director” means the head of an institute established as a constituent institution \r\nby the Institute by Statutes or Regulations in terms of the powers delegated by \r\n \r\nPage 5 of 25 \r\n \r\nthis Act; \r\n(j) “Faculty” means an administrative and academic unit of the Institute consisting \r\nof one or more schools, established in the prescribed manner; \r\n(k) “Foundation” or \"CAM Foundation” means Chaudhary Abdul Majeed (CAM) \r\nFoundation registered under the Trusts Act, 1882 (II of 1882) vide Registration \r\nNo. 2230, dated the 15th day of May, 2020; \r\n(l) “Government” means the Federal Government; \r\n(m) “Institute” means the National Excellence Institute established 'under this Act; \r\n(n) “Institute Teacher ” means a full -time teacher appointed and paid by the \r\nInstitute, or recognized by the Institute as such; \r\n(o) “Patron” means the Patron of the Institute; \r\n(p) “prescribed” means prescribed by Statutes, Regulations or Ru les made under \r\nthis Act; \r\n(q) “Principal” means the head of a constituent unit or college; \r\n(r) “Pro Vice-Chancellor” means the Pro Vice-Chancellor of the Institute; \r\n(s) “Review Panel” means the Review Panel set up by the Chancellor in accordance \r\nwith the provisions of this Act; \r\n(t) “Search Com mittee” means the Search Committee set up by the Board o f \r\nGovernors under this Act; \r\n(u) “Schedule” means a Schedule to this Act; \r\n(v) “Statutes, Regulations and Rules” mean the Statutes, Regulations and Ru les \r\nmade under this Act and for the time being in force; \r\n(w) “Syndicate” means the Syndicate of the Institute; \r\n(x) “Teachers” include Professors, Associate Professors, Assistant Professors and \r\nlecturers engaged full-time by the Institute or by a constituent college and such \r\nother persons as may be declared by Regulations to be teachers; and \r\n(y) “Vice-Chancellor” means the Vice-Chancellor of the Institute. \r\nCHAPTER-II \r\nTHE INSTITUTE \r\n3. Establishment and incorporation of the Institute.__ (1) There shall be established an \r\nInstitute to be called the National Excellence Institute. \r\n \r\n(2) The Institute shall consist of the fo1lowing, namely:__ \r\n‘ \" \r\n \r\nPage 6 of 25 \r\n \r\n(a) the Patron, the Chancellor, the members of the Board of Governors, Syndicate, \r\nand the Vice-Chancellor; \r\n(b) the members of the authorities of the Institute established under section 17; \r\n(c) all Institute Teachers an d persons recognized as students of the Institute in \r\naccordance with terms prescribed from time to time; and \r\n(d) all other full-time officers and members of the staff of the Institute. \r\n(3) The Institute shall be a body corporate by such name as may be notified and shall have \r\nperpetual succession and a common seal and may sue and be sued by the said name. \r\n(4) The Institute shall be competent to acquire and hold property, both movable and immovable \r\nand to lease, sell or otherwise transfer any movable and immovable property which may have become \r\nvested in or been acquired by it. \r\n(5) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for th e time being in forc e, the \r\nInstitute shall have academic, financial and administrative autonomy, including the power to employ \r\nofficers, teachers and other employees on such terms as may be prescribed, subject to the terms of this \r\nAct and the Higher education Commission Act, 2002 (LIII of 2002). In particular and without prejudice \r\nto the a uthority granted to the Commission by the law, t he Government or an authority or auditor \r\nappointed by the Government shall have no power to question the policy und erlying the allocation of \r\nresources approved by the Board of Governors in the annual budget of the Institute. \r\n4. Powers and functions of the Institute. __The Institute shal1 have the following powers, \r\nnamely:__ \r\n(i) to provide education and scholarship in such branches of knowledge as it may \r\ndeem fit, and to make provision for research, service to society and for the \r\napplication, advancement and dissemination of knowledge in such manner as it \r\nmay determine; \r\n(ii) to prescribe courses of studies to be conducted by it and the constituent colleges \r\nor units; \r\n(iii) to hold examinations and to award and co nfer degrees, diplomas, certificates \r\nand other academic distinctions to and on persons who have been admitted to \r\nand have passed its examinations under prescribed conditions; \r\n(iv) to prescribe terms and conditions of employment of officers, teachers and other \r\nemployees of the Institute and to lay down terms and conditions that may be \r\ndifferent from those applicable to government servants in general; \r\n(v) to engage, where necessary, persons on contracts of specified duration and to \r\nspecify the terms for each engagement; \r\n(vi) to c onfer honorary degrees or other distinctions to approved persons in the \r\nmanner prescribed; \r\n(vii) to provide instructions or trninings to individuals not being students of the \r\nInstitute as it may prescribe and to grant certificates and diplomas to such \r\n \r\nPage 7 of 25 \r\n \r\npersons; \r\n(viii) to initiate programmes for exchange of students and teachers between the \r\nInstitute and universities, educational institutions and research organizations, \r\ninside as well as outside Pakistan; \r\n(ix) to provide career counselling and job search services to its students and alumni; \r\n(x) to maintain linkages with alumni and organizations; \r\n(xi) to develop and implement fund-raising plans and projects; \r\n(xii) to provide facilities and support academic development of the faculty as well as \r\nadministrative personnel of the Institute; \r\n(xiii) to confer degrees on persons who have carried on independent research under \r\nprescribed conditions; \r\n(xiv) to accept the examinations passed and the period of study spent by students of \r\nthe Institute at other un iversities and p laces of learning equivalent to such \r\nexaminations and periods of study in the Institute, as it may prescribe and to \r\nwithdraw such acceptance; \r\n(xv) to co-operate with other universities, public authorities or private organizations, \r\ninside as well as outside Pakistan, in such mann er and for such purp oses as it \r\nmay prescribe; \r\n(xvi) to institute professorships, associate professorships, assistant professorships and \r\nlectureships and any other posts and to appoint persons thereto; \r\n(xvii) to create posts for research, extension, administration and other related purposes \r\nand to appoint persons thereto; \r\n(xviii) to recognize, as Institute Teachers, selected members of the teaching staff of \r\ncolleges or educational institutions admitted to the privileges of the Institute or \r\nsuch other persons as it may deem fit; \r\n(xix) to institute and awa rd financial assistance to st udents in need, fellowships, \r\nscholarships, bursaries, medals and prizes under prescribed conditions; \r\n(xx) to establish teaching constituent colleges, departments, faculties, institutes, \r\nmuseums and other centers of learning for the development of teaching and \r\nresearch, professional and technical training and special studies and to make \r\nsuch arrangements for their maintenance, management and administration as it \r\nmay prescribe; \r\n(xxi) to provide for the residence of the students of th e Institute and the constituent \r\nunits, to insti tute and maintain halls of residence and to approve or license \r\nhostels and lodging; \r\n(xxii) to maintain order, disciplin e and security on the campuses of the Inst itute and \r\nthe constituent units; \r\n \r\nPage 8 of 25 \r\n \r\n(xxiii) to promote the extra curricular and recreational activities of such stud ents and \r\nto make arrangements for promoting their health and general welfare; \r\n(xxiv) to demand and receive such fees and other charges as it may determine; \r\n(xxv) to make provision for research, advisory or consultancy services and with these \r\nobjects to enter into arrangements with other insti tutions, public or private \r\nbodies, commercial and industrial enterprises under prescribed conditions; \r\n(xxvi) to enter into, carry out, vary or cancel contracts; \r\n(xxvii) to receive and manage property transferred an d grants, contributions made to \r\nthe Institute and to invest and fund representing such property, grants, bequests, \r\ntrusts, gifts, donations, endowments or contributions in such manner as it may \r\ndeem fit; \r\n(xxviii) to provide for the printing and publication of research and other works; \r\n(xxix) to do all such other acts as may be requisite or expedient for furtherance of \r\nobjectives of the Institute as a center of education, lea rning, research, \r\nprofessional and technical training, special studies and for safeguarding tangible \r\nand intangible cultural heritage; \r\n(xxx) to purchase, manage or operate properties using its funds to further the \r\nobjectives of the institute; \r\n(xxxi) cooperate with a public authority, university or private organization in the \r\nmanner and for such purpose as may be prescribed; and \r\n(xxxii) perform any other functions as may be prescribed or an ancillary function as \r\nmay be determined by the Board of Governors. \r\n5. Institute open to all classes, creeds, etc. __ (1) The Institute shall be open to all persons of any \r\ngender and of whatever religion, race, cr eed, class, colour or domicile and no person shall be denied \r\nprivileges of the Institute on the grounds of religion, race, caste, creed, class, colour or domicile. \r\n(2) An increase in any fee or charge that is in excess of ten percent per annum on an annualized \r\nbasis from the last such increase may not be made except in special circumstances and only with the \r\napproval of the Chancellor. \r\n(3) The Institute shall initiate financial aid programs for students in need, to the extent considered \r\nfeasible by the Board of Governors given the resources available, so as to enable admission and access \r\nto the Institute and the various opportunities provided by it to be based on merit rather than ability to \r\npay. \r\n6. Teaching at the Institute.__ (1) All recognized teaching, professional and technical training in \r\nvarious courses shall be conducted by the Institute or the schools in the prescribed manner and may \r\ninclude lectures, tutorials, discussions, seminars, demonstrations, trainings, distance learning and other \r\nmethods of instruction as well as practical work in the laboratories, hospitals, workshops and other \r\ngovernmental or private organizations subject to policies prescribed by the Commission. \r\n(2) The authorit y responsible for organizing recognized teaching shall b e such as may b e \r\n \r\nPage 9 of 25 \r\n \r\nprescribed. \r\n \r\nCHAPTER-III \r\n \r\nOFFICERS OF THE INSTITUTE \r\n7. Principal officers.— The following shall be the principal officers of the Institute, namely:__ \r\n(a) the Patron; \r\n(b) the Chancellor; \r\n(c) the Vice-Chancellor; \r\n(d) the Pro Vice-Chancellor; \r\n(e) the Deans; \r\n(f) the Principals of the constituent colleges or units; \r\n(g) the Chairpersons of the teaching departments; \r\n(h) the Registrar; \r\n(i) the Treasurer; \r\n(j) the Controller of Examinations; and \r\n(k) such other persons as may be prescribed by the Statutes or Regulations to be the \r\nprincipal officers of the Institute. \r\n8. Patron.— (1) The President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan shall be the Patron of the \r\nInstitute. \r\n(2) The Patron shall, when present, preside at the convocation of the Institute. In the absence \r\nof the Patron, the Chancellor shall preside over the convocation of the Institute. \r\n(3) Every proposal to confer an honorary degree shall be subject to confirmation by the Patron. \r\n9. Visitation.__ (1) The Patron may, in accordance with the terms and proc edures as may be \r\nprescribed, cause an inspection or inquiry to th e made on his own motion or at th e request of the \r\nCommission in respect of any matter connected with the affairs of the Institute and shall, from time to \r\ntime, direct any person or persons to inquire into or carry out inspection of— . \r\n(a) the Institute, its buildings, laboratories, libraries and other facilities; \r\n(b) any institution, department or hostel maintained by the Institute; \r\n(c) the adequacy of financial and human resources; \r\n(d) the teaching, research, curriculum, examination and other matt ers of the \r\nInstitute; and \r\n \r\nPage 10 of 25 \r\n \r\n(e) such other matters as the Patron may specify. \r\n \r\n(2) The Patron shall communicate to the Board of Governors his views with regard to the result \r\nof visitation and shall, after ascertaining the views of the Board of Governors, advise the Chancellor \r\non the action to be taken by it. \r\n(3) The Chancellor shall, within such time as may be specified by the Patron, communicate to \r\nhim such action, if any, as has been taken or may be proposed to be taken upon the results of visitation. \r\n(4) Where the Board of Governors does not, within the time specified, take action to th e \r\nsatisfaction of the Patron, th e Patron may issue such directions as he deems fit and the Board of \r\nGovernors shall comply with all such directions. \r\n10. Chancellor.__ (1) The Chairperson of the Board of Directors of the CAM Foundation shall \r\nbe Chancellor of the Institute. \r\n(2) The members of the Board of Governors as well as the Vice- Chancellor shall be appointed \r\nby the Chancellor as per the prescribed procedure. \r\n(3) If the Chancellor is satisfied that serious irregularity or mismanagement with respect to \r\nthe affairs of the Institute has occurred, he may,- \r\n(a) as regards proceedings of the Board of Governors, direct that sp ecified \r\nproceedings be reconsidered, and appropriate action taken within one month of \r\nthe direction having been issued: \r\nProvided that if the Chancellor is satisfied that either no reconsideration \r\nhas been carried out or that the reconsideration has failed to address the concern \r\nexpressed, he may, after calling upon the Board of Governors to show cause in \r\nwriting, appoint a five - members Review Panel to examine and r eport to the \r\nChancellor on the functioning of the Board of Governors. The Review Panel \r\nshall be drawn from persons of eminence in academics and in the fields of law, \r\naccountancy and administration and the report o f the Review Panel sha ll be \r\nsubmitted within such time as may be specified by the Chancellor; and \r\n(b) as regards proceedings of any authority or with respect to matters within the \r\ncompetence of any authority other than the Board of Governors, direct the Board \r\nof Governors to exercise powers under section 24. \r\n11. Removal from the Board of Governors. __ ( 1) The Chancellor may remove any person \r\nfrom the membership of the Board of Governors on the ground that such person— \r\n(a) has become of unsound mind; or \r\n(b) has become incapacitated to function as member of the Board of Governors; or \r\n(c) has been by a court of law convicted for an offence involving moral turpitude; \r\nor \r\n(d) has absented himself from two consecutive meetings without just cause; or \r\n(e) has been guilty of misconduct, including use of position for personal advantage \r\n \r\nPage 11 of 25 \r\n \r\nof any kind, or gross inefficiency in the performance of functions. \r\n \r\n(2) The Chancellor shall remove any person from the membership of the Board of Governors \r\non a r esolution calling for th e removal of such person supported by at least three -fourths of the \r\nmembership of the Board of Governors: \r\nProvided that before passing such resolution, the Board of Governors shall provide the member \r\nconcerned a fair hearing. \r\n12. Vice-Chancellor.__ (1) There shall be a Vice -Chancellor of the Institute, who shall be an \r\neminent a cademician or a distinguished administrator and shall be appointed on such t erms and \r\nconditions as may be prescribed. \r\n(2) The Vice-Chancellor shall be the chief executive officer of the institute responsible for all \r\nadministrative and academic functions of the Institute and for ensuring that the provisions of this Act, \r\nStatutes, Regulations and Rules as delegated by the Chancellor are faithfully observed to promote the \r\ngeneral efficiency and good order of the Institute. The Vice-Chancellor shall h ave all powers \r\nprescribed for this purpos e, including administrative control o ver the o fficers, te achers, and other \r\nemployees of the Institute. \r\n(3) The Vice-Chancellor shall, if present, be entitled to attend any meeting of any authority or \r\nbody of the Institute. \r\n(4) The Vice-Chancellor, in an emergency requiring immediate acti on ordinarily not in the \r\ncompetence of the Vice-Chancellor, may take such acti on and forward, within seventy -two hours, a \r\nreport of the action taken to the members of the Emergency Committee of the Board of Governors, to \r\nbe set up by Statute. The Emergency Committe e may direct such further action as is considers \r\nappropriate. \r\n(5) The Vice-Chancellor shall also have the following powers, namely:- \r\n(a) to direct teachers, officers and other employees of the Institute to take up such \r\nassignments in connection with examinatio ns, administration and such other \r\nactivities in the Institute as he may consider necessary for the purposes of the \r\nInstitute; \r\n(b) to sanction by re -appropriation an amount not exceeding an amount specified \r\nby the Board of Governors for an unforeseen item not provided for in the budget \r\nand report it to the Board of Governors at the next meeting; \r\n(c) to make appointments of such categories of employees of the Institute and in \r\nsuch manner as may be prescribed by the Statutes; \r\n(d) to suspend, punish and remove, in accordance with prescribed procedure, from \r\nservice officers, teachers and other employees of the Institute except those \r\nappointed by or with the approval of the Board of Governors; \r\n(e) to delegate, subject to such conditions as may be prescribed, any of his powers \r\nunder this Act to an officer or officers of the Institute; \r\n(f) to exercise and perform such other powers and functions as may be prescribed; \r\nand \r\n \r\nPage 12 of 25 \r\n \r\n(g) to perform any duties as prescribed or delegated by the Chancellor. \r\n(6) The Vice-Chancellor shall preside at the convocation of the Institute in the absence of the \r\nChancellor. \r\n (7) The Vice-Chancellor shall present an annual report before the Board of Governors within \r\nthree months of the close of the academic year. The annual report shall present such information as \r\nregards the academic year under review as may be prescribed, including disclosure of all relevant facts \r\npertaining to- \r\n(a) academics; \r\n(b) research; \r\n(c) administration; and \r\n(d) finances. \r\n(8) The Vice-Chancellor’s annual report shall be made available, prior to its presentation before \r\nthe Board of Governors, to all officers and Institute Teachers and shall be published in such numbers \r\nas are required to ensure its wide circulation. \r\n13. Appointment and removal of the Vice -Chancellor.__ (1) The Vice-Chancellor shall be \r\nappointed by the Chancellor on the basis of recommendations by the Board of Governors. \r\n(2) The Vice-Chancellor shall be appointed for a renewable tenure o f four years on terms and \r\nconditions prescribed by Statutes. The tenure of an incumbent Vice-Chancellor shall be renewed by \r\nthe Chancellor on receipt of a resolution by the Board of Governors in support of such renewal: \r\nProvided that the Chancellor may call upon the Board of Governors t o reconsider such \r\nresolution once. \r\n(3) The Board of Governors may, pursuant to a resolution in this behalf passed by three-fourths \r\nof its membership, recommend to the Chancellor the removal of the Vice-Chancellor on the ground of \r\ninefficiency, moral turpitude or physical or mental incapacity or gross misconduct, including misuse \r\nof position for personal advantage of any kind: \r\nProvided that the Cha ncellor may make a reference to the Board of Governors stating the \r\ninstances of inefficiency, moral turpitude or physical or mental incapacity or gross misconduct on the \r\npart of the Vice -Chancellor that have come to his notice. After consideration of the refer ence, the \r\nBoard of Governors may, pursuant to a resolution in this behalf passed by two-thirds of its membership, \r\nrecommend to the Chancellor the removal of the Vice-Chancellor: \r\n \r\nProvided further that prior to a resolution for the removal of the Vice- Chancellor being voted \r\nupon, the Vice-Chancellor shall be given an opportunity of being heard. \r\n(4) A resolution recommending the removal of the Vice-Chancellor shall be submitted to the \r\nChancellor forthwith. The Chancellor may accept the recommendation and order removal of the \r\nVice-Chancellor or return the recommendation to the Board of Governors. \r\n(5) At any time when the office of the Vice -Chancellor is vacant, or the Vice -Chancellor is \r\nabsent or is unable to perform the functions of his office due to illness or some other cause, the Board \r\n \r\nPage 13 of 25 \r\n \r\nof Governors shall make such arrangements for the performance of the duties of the Vice -Chancellor \r\nas it may deem fit. \r\n \r\n14. Registrar.__ (1) There shall be a Registrar of the Institute to be appointed by the Board of \r\nGovernors on such terms and conditions as may be prescribed. \r\n(2) Th e experience as well as the professional and academic qualifications necessary for \r\nappointment to the post of the Registrar shall be as may be prescribed. \r\n(3) The Registrar shall be a full-time officer of the Institute and shall__ \r\n(a) be the administrative head of the secretariat of the Institute and be responsible for the \r\nprovision of secretarial support to the Authorities of the Institute; \r\n(b) be the custodian of the common seal and the academic records of the Institute; \r\n(c) maintain a register of registered graduates in the prescribed manner; \r\n(d) supervise the process of election, appointment or nomination of members to the various \r\nauthorities and other bodies in the prescribed manner; and \r\n(e) perform such other duties as may be prescribed. \r\n(4) The term of office of the Registrar shall be a renewable period of three years: \r\nProvided that the Board of Governors may, on the advice of the Vice-Chancellor, terminate the \r\nappointment of the Registrar on grounds of inefficiency or misconduct in accordan ce with prescribed \r\nprocedure. \r\n15. Treasurer.__ (1) There shall be a Treasurer of the Institute to be appointed by the Board \r\nof Governors, on such terms and conditions as may be prescribed. \r\n(2) The experience and the professional and academic qualifications necessary for appointment \r\nto the post of the Treasurer shall be as may be prescribed. \r\n(3) The Treasurer shall be the chief financial officer of the Institute and shall__ \r\n(a) manage the assets, liabilities, receipts, expenditures, funds and investments o f \r\nthe Institute; \r\n(b) prepare the annual and revised budget estimates of the Institute and present them \r\nto the Board of Governors; \r\n(c) ensure that the funds of the Institute are expende d on the purposes for which \r\nthey are provided; \r\n(d) have the accounts of the Institute audited annually to be available for submission \r\nto the Board of Governors within six months of the close of the financial year; \r\nand \r\n(e) perform such other duties as may be prescribed. \r\n \r\nPage 14 of 25 \r\n \r\n(4) The term of office of the Treasurer shall be a renewable period of three years: \r\nProvided that the Board of Governors may, on the advice of the Vice-Chancellor, terminate the \r\nappointment of the Treasurer on grounds of inefficiency or misconduct in accordance with prescribed \r\nprocedure. \r\n16. Controller of Examinations.__ (1) There shall be a Controller of Examinations, to be \r\nappointed by the Board of Governors on such terms and conditions as may be prescribed. \r\n(2) The minimum quali fications necessary for appointment to the post of the Controller of \r\nExaminations shall be as may be prescribed. \r\n(3) The Controller of Examinations shall be a full-time officer of the Institute and shall be \r\nresponsible for all matters connected with the conduct of examinations and perform such other duties \r\nas may be prescribed. \r\n(4) The Controller of Examinations shall be appointed for a renewable term of three years: \r\nProvided that the Board of Governors may terminate the appointm ent of the Controller o f \r\nExaminations on grounds of inefficiency or misconduct in accordance with prescribed procedure. \r\nCHAPTER-IV \r\nAUTHORITIES OF THE INSTITUTE \r\n17. Authorities.__ (1) The following shall be the Authorities of the Institute, namely:__ \r\n(a) Authorities established by this Act:__ \r\n(i) the Board of Governors; \r\n(ii) the Syndicate; and \r\n(iii) the Academic Council. \r\n(b) Authorities to be established by the Statutes:__ \r\n(i) Board of Advanced Studies and Research; \r\n(ii) Board of Studies; \r\n(iii) Selection Board; \r\n(iv) Finance and Planning Committee; and \r\n(v) Discipline Committee. \r\n(2) The Board of Governors may set up such other committees or sub- committees, by whatever \r\nname d escribed, as are considered d esirable through Statutes or Regulations. Such committees or \r\nsubcommittees shall be Authorities of the Institute for the purposes of this Act. \r\n18. Board of Governors. — (1) The body responsible for the governance of the Institute \r\nshall be described as the Board of Governors and shall consist of the following, namely:__ \r\n \r\nPage 15 of 25 \r\n \r\n(a) the Chancellor who shall be the Chairperson of the Board of Governors; \r\n(b) the Vice-Chancellor; \r\n(c) the Pro Vice-Chancellor; \r\n(d) One member of the Government not below the rank of Additional Secretary or \r\nequivalent from the conce rned division to which business o f this Act stands \r\nallocated or any other department relevant to the special focus of the Institute; \r\n(e) four persons, prominent in the fields of their specializations becaus e of their \r\nexperience and achievements, to be nominated by the Board of Governors; \r\n(f) two persons from the academic community of the country, other than an \r\nemployee of the Institute; \r\n(g) one person nominated by the Commission; \r\n(h) teachers; \r\n(i) five member of the trust formed by the CAM Foundation; and \r\n(j) one Alumini. \r\n \r\n(2) The numbers of the members of the Board of Governors specified against clauses (f) to (i) \r\nof sub-section (1) may be increased by the Board of Governors through Statutes subject to the condition \r\nthat the total membership of the Board of Governors does not exceed twenty-one. \r\n(3) All appointments to the Board of Governors shall be made by the Chancellor: \r\nProvided that effort shall be made, without compromising on quality or qualification, to give \r\nfair representation to women on the Board of Governors. \r\n(4) Members of the Board, other than ex-officio members, shall hold office for a term of three \r\nyears and shall be eligible for reappointment on the expiry of their term of office. \r\n(5) The Secretary shall, with the approval of the Chairp erson of the Board , call a meeting of \r\nthe Board. \r\n(6) The Board of Trustees may fill a casual vacancy occurring because of death or resignation \r\nof a member of the Board of Governors nominated by the Board of Trustees to the extent o f the \r\nremainder of the term of the former member. \r\n(7) The Board of Governors shall meet at least twice in a calendar year. \r\n(8) Service on the Board of Gov ernors shall be on honorary basis . However, actual expenses \r\nmay be reimbursed as may be prescribed. \r\n (9) The Registrar shall be the Secretary of the Board of Governors. \r\n(10) In the absence o f the Chancellor, meetings of the Bo ard of Governors shall be presided \r\nover by such m ember, not bei ng an employee of the Institute or the Government, as the Chancellor \r\n \r\nPage 16 of 25 \r\n \r\nmay, from time to time, nominate. The member so nominated shall be the Convener of the Board of \r\nGovernors. \r\n(11) Unless otherwise prescribed by this Act, all decisions of the Board of Governors shall be \r\ntaken on the basis of the opinion of a majority of the members present. In the event of the members \r\nbeing evenly divided on any matter, the Chancellor shall have a casting vote. \r\n(12) The quorum for a meeting of the Board of Governors shall be one- half of its membership, \r\na fraction being counted as one. \r\n19. Powers and functions of the Board of Governors. __ (1) The Board of Governors shall \r\nhave the power of general supervision over the Institute and shall hold the Vice -Chancellor and the \r\nAuthorities accountable for all the functions of the Institute. The Board of Governors shall have all \r\npowers of the Institute not expressly vested in an Authority or officer by this Act and all other powers \r\nnot, expressly mentioned by this Act that are necessary for the performance of its functions. \r\n(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing powers, the Board of Governors shall \r\nhave the following powers, namely:__ \r\n(a) to approve the proposed annual plan of work, the annual and revised budgets, the \r\nannual report and the annual statement of accounts; \r\n(b) to hold, control and lay down policy for the administration of the property, funds \r\nand investments of the Institute, including the approval of the sale and purchase \r\nor acquisition of immovable property; \r\n(c) to oversee the quality and relevance of the Institute’s academic programs and to \r\nreview the academic affairs of the Institute in general; \r\n(d) to approve the appoint ment of the Deans, Professors, Associate Pr ofessors and \r\nsuch other senior faculty and senior administrators as may be prescribed; \r\n(e) to institute schemes, directions and guidelines for t he terms and conditions of \r\nappointment of all officers, teachers and other employees of the Institute; \r\n(f) to approve strategic plans; \r\n(g) to approve financial resource development plans of the Institute; \r\n(h) to consider the drafts of Statutes and Regulations proposed by the Syndicate and \r\nthe Academic Council and deal with them in the manner as provided for in \r\nsections 27 and 28, as the case may be: \r\nProvided that the Board of Governors may frame a Statute or Regulation \r\non its own initiative and approve it after calling for the advice of the Syndicate \r\nor the Academic Council, as the case may be; \r\n(i) to annu1 by order in writing the proceedings of any Authority or officer if the \r\nBoard of Governors is satisfied that such proceedings are not in accordance with \r\nthe provisions of this Act, Statutes or Regulations after calling upon such \r\nAuthority or officer to sho w cause why such proceedings should not be \r\nannulled; \r\n \r\nPage 17 of 25 \r\n \r\n(j) to recommend to the Chancellor removal of any member of the Board of \r\nGovernors in accordance with the provisions of this Act; \r\n(k) to make appointment of members of the Syndicate, other than ex-officio \r\nmembers, in accordance with the provisions of this Act; \r\n(l) to make appointment of members of the Academic Council, other than ex-officio \r\nmembers, in accordance with the provisions of this Act; \r\n(m) to appoint Emeritus Professors on such terms and conditions as may be \r\nprescribed; \r\n(n) to remove any person from the membership of any Authority, if such person- \r\n(i) has become of unsound mind; or \r\n(ii) has become incapacitated to function as member of such Authority; or \r\n(iii) has been by a court of law convicted for an offence involving moral \r\nturpitude; \r\n(o) to determine the form, provid e for the custody and r egulate the use o f the \r\ncommon seal of the Institute; \r\n(p) formulate or approve the principles, policies and plans governing the activities \r\nand operations of the Institute so as to facilitate research, teaching and other \r\nacademic work as per policies of Board of Trustees; \r\n(q) make or approve regulations; \r\n(r) create a component of the Institute such as Faculty, department, constituent \r\ncollege or institute, subject to the provisions of this Act as per policies of Board \r\nof Trustees; \r\n(s) constitute a committee, council and any other administrative or academic \r\nadvisory body; \r\n(t) create such academic or administrative posts as it may deem necessary and to \r\napprove appointments to such posts as it may specify; \r\n(u) hold, control and administer the property, funds and resources of the Institute \r\nand raise funds for the purpose of th e Institute upon such security as may be \r\nrequired under the regulations; \r\n(v) take all such initiativ es as it way consider necessary or desirabl e for efficient \r\nand effective management and functioning of the Institute; and \r\n(w) to approve all affiliations and other similar arrang ements through which, \r\ninstitutions or individuals may become associated with the Institute. \r\n(3) The Board of Governors may, subj ect to the provisions of this Act, delegate all or a ny of \r\nthe powers and functions of any Authority, officer or employee of the Institute at its main campus, to \r\n \r\nPage 18 of 25 \r\n \r\nany Authority, committee, officer or emp loyee at its additional campus for the purpose of exercising \r\nsuch powers and performing such functions in relation to such additional campus, and for this purpose \r\nthe Board of Governors may create new posts or positions at the additional campus. \r\n \r\n(4) The Board shall recommend the draft statutes to the Chancellor but the statutes shall come \r\ninto force when approved by him. \r\n20. Visitation.__ The Board of Governors may, in accordance with the terms and procedures \r\nas may be prescribed, cause an inspection to be made in respect of any matt er connected with the \r\nInstitute. \r\n21. Syndicate.__ (1) There shall be a Syndicate of the Institute consisting of the following, \r\nnamely:__ \r\n(a) the Vice-Chancellor or the nominee of the Chancellor shall be its Chairperson; \r\n(b) the Pro Vice-Chancellor; \r\n(c) the Deans of the Faculties of the Institute; \r\n(d) three professors from different departments, who are not members of the Board \r\nof Governors , to be elected by the Institute Teachers in accordance with \r\nprocedure to be prescribed by the Board of Governors; \r\n(e) Principals of the constituent colleges or units; \r\n(f) the Registrar; \r\n(g) the Director (QEC): \r\n(h) the Director (ORIC); \r\n(i) the Director (P&D); \r\n(j) the Treasurer; and \r\n(k) the Controller of Examinations. \r\n(2) Members of the Syndicate, other than ex-officio members, shall hold office for three \r\nyears. \r\n(3) The Chancellor shall appoint the three Professors. \r\n(4) The quorum for a meeting of the Syndicate shall be one-half of the total number of \r\nmembers, a fraction being counted as one. \r\n(5) The Syndicate shall meet at least once in each quarter of the year. \r\n22. Powers and duties of the Syndicate. __ (1) The Syndicate shall be the executive body of \r\nthe Institute and shall, su bject to the provisions of this Act and the Statutes, exercise general \r\nsupervision over the affairs and management of the Institute. \r\n (2) Without pr ejudice to the g enerality of the foregoing powers and subject to the \r\n \r\nPage 19 of 25 \r\n \r\nprovisions of this Act, the Statutes and directions of the Board of Governors, the Syndicate shall have \r\nthe following powers, namely: __ \r\n(a) to consider the annual report, the annual and re vised budget estimates and to \r\nsubmit these to the Board of Governors; \r\n(b) to transfer and accept transfer of movable property on behalf of the Institute; \r\n(c) to enter into, vary, carry out and cancel contracts on behalf of the Institute; \r\n(d) to cause proper books of accounts to be kept for all sums of money received and \r\nexpended by the Institute and for the assets and liabilities of the Institute; \r\n(e) to invest any money belonging to the Institute including any unapplied income \r\nin any of the securities described in section 20 of the Trusts Act, 1882 (Act II \r\nof 1882), or in the purchase of immovable property or in such other manner, as \r\nit may prescribe, with the like power of varying such investments; \r\n(f) to receive and manage any property transferred and grants, bequests trust, gifts, \r\ndonations, endowments, and other contributions made to the Institute; \r\n(g) to administer any funds placed at the disposal of the Institute for specified \r\npurposes; \r\n(h) to provide the buildings, libraries, premises, furniture, apparatus, equipment and \r\nother means required for carrying out the work of the Institute; \r\n(i) to establish and maintain halls of residence and hostels or approve or license \r\nhostels or lodgings for the residence of students; \r\n(j) to recommend to the Board of Governors, admission of educational institutions \r\nto the privileges of the Institute and withdraw such privileges; \r\n(k) to arrange for the inspection of schools and the departments; \r\n(l) to institute professorships, associate professorships, assistant professorships, \r\nlectureships and other teaching posts or to suspend or to abolish such posts; \r\n(m) to create, suspend or abolish such administrative or other posts as may be \r\nnecessary; \r\n(n) to prescribe the duties of officers, teachers and other employees of the Institute; \r\n(o) to report to the Board of Governors on matters with respect to which it has been \r\nasked to report; \r\n(p) to appoint members to various Authorities in accordance with the provisions of \r\nthis Act; \r\n(q) to propose drafts of Statutes for submission to the Board of Governors; \r\n(r) to regulate the conduct and discipline of the students of the Institute; \r\n \r\nPage 20 of 25 \r\n \r\n(s) to take actions necessary for the good administration of the In stitute in general \r\nand to this end exercise such powers as are necessary; \r\n(t) to delegate any of its powers to any Authority or officer or a committee; and \r\n(u) to perform such other functions as have been assigned to it by the provisions of \r\nthis Act or may be assigned to it by the Statutes. \r\n23. Academic Council.__ (1) There shall be an Academic Council of the Institute consisting of the \r\nfollowing, namely:__ \r\n(a) the Vice-Chancellor who shall be its Chairperson; \r\n(b) the Pro-Vice Chancellor; \r\n(c) the Deans of Faculties and such heads of departments as may be prescribed; \r\n(d) five members representing the departm ents, institutes and th e constituent \r\nschools to be elected in the manner prescribed by the Board of Governors; \r\n(e) three persons eminent in the field of art or science of whom at least one shall be \r\nfrom each category, to be nominated by the Board; and \r\n(f) the Registrar. \r\n(2) the Board of Governors shall appoint the members of the Academic Council, other than \r\nthe ex-officio and the elected members, on the recommendation of the Vice-Chancellor: \r\nProvided that as r egards the five professors and the members representing the departments, \r\ninstitutes and the constituent schools, the Board of Governors may appoint themselves. \r\n(3) Members of the Academic Council shall hold office for three years. \r\n(4) The Academic Council shall meet at least once in each quarter. \r\n(5) The quorum for meetings of the Academic Council shall be one- half of the total number \r\nof members, a fraction being counted as one. \r\n24. Delegation of powers.__ (1) Subject to sub-section (2), the Board may delegate any of its \r\npowers or functions to a person or nominee or committee of the Board. \r\n(2) The Board shall not delegate the power to__ \r\n(a) make the Statutes or Regulations; \r\n(b) recommend any action to the Patron; \r\n(c) appoint the Registrar, Controller of Examinations and Treasurer; and \r\n(d) approve annual budget and make consideration of audit reports. \r\n25. Powers and functions of the Academic Council.__ (1) The Academic Council shall be the \r\nprincipal academic body of the Institute and shall, subject to the provisions or this Act and the Statutes, \r\n \r\nPage 21 of 25 \r\n \r\nhave the power to lay down proper standards of instruction, research and examinations and to regulate \r\nand promote the academic life of the Institute and the schools. \r\n \r\n(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing powers and subject to the provisions \r\nof this Act and the Statutes, the Academic Council shall have the power to__ \r\n(a) approve the policies and procedures pertaining to the quality of academic \r\nprograms; \r\n(b) approve academic programs; \r\n(c) approve the policies and procedures pertaining to student related functions \r\nincluding admissions, expulsions, punishments, examinations and certification; \r\n(d) approve the policies and procedures assuring quality of teaching and research; \r\n(e) propose to the Board of Governors schemes for the constitution and \r\norganization of Faculties, teaching departments and Boards of Studies; \r\n(f) appoint paper setters and examiners for all examinations of the Institute after \r\nreceiving panels of names from the relevant authorities; \r\n(g) institute programs for the continued professional development of Institute \r\nTeachers at all levels; \r\n(h) recognize the examinations of other universities or examining bodies as \r\nequivalent to the corresponding examinations of the Institute; \r\n(i) regulate the award of studentships, scholarships, exhibitions, medals and prizes; \r\n(j) frame Regulations for submission to the Board of Governors; \r\n(k) prepare an annual report on the academic performance of the Institute; \r\n(1) perform such functions as may be prescribed by Regulations; \r\n(m) advise the Board on academic matters; \r\n(n) regulate the conduct of teaching, research and publication; \r\n(o) regulate the conduct and discipline of the students of the Institute; \r\n(p) approve policies and procedures pertaining to continuing education and \r\nprofessional development trainings and programs; and \r\n(q) recommend the policies and procedures for affiliation of other educational \r\ninstitutions. \r\n26. Appointment of committees by certain Authorities. __ (1) The Board of Governors, the \r\nAcademic Council and other Authorities may, from time to time, appoint such Standing, Special or \r\nAdvisory Committees, as they may deem fit, and may place on such committee persons who ar e not \r\nmembers of the Authorities appointing the Committees. \r\n \r\nPage 22 of 25 \r\n \r\n(2) The constitution, functions, and powers of the Authorities for which no specific provision \r\nhas been made in this Act shall be such as may be prescribed by Statutes or Regulations. \r\nCHAPTER-V \r\nSTATUTES, REGULATIONS AND RULES \r\n27. Statutes.__ (1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, Statutes may be made to regulate or \r\nprescribe all or any of the following matters, namely:__ \r\n(a) the contents of and the manner in which the annual report to be presented by the \r\nVice-Chancellor before the Board of Covernars shall be prepared; \r\n(b) the Institute fees and other charges; \r\n(c) the constitution of any pension, insurance, gratuity, provident fund and \r\nbenevolent fund for Institute employees; \r\n(d) the scales of pay and other terms and conditions of service of officers, teachers \r\nand other Institute employees; \r\n(e) the maintenance of the register of registered graduates; \r\n(f) admission of educational institutions to the privileges of the Institute and th e \r\nwithdrawal of such privileges; \r\n(g) the establishment of faculties, departments, institutes, schools and other \r\nacademic divisions; \r\n(h) the powers and duties of officers and teachers; \r\n(i) conditions under which the Institute may enter into arrangements with other \r\ninstitutions or with public bodies for purposes of research and advisory services; \r\n(j) conditions for appointment of Emeritus Professors and award of honorary \r\ndegrees; \r\n(k) efficiency and discipline of Institute employees; \r\n(1) the constitution and procedure to be followed for appointment of the Vice -\r\nChancellor; \r\n(m) constitution, functions and powers of the Authorities of the Institute; and \r\n(n) all other matters which by this Act are to be or may be prescribed or regulated \r\nby Statutes. \r\n(2) The draft of Statutes shall be proposed to the Board of Governors which may approve or \r\npass with such modifications as the Board of Governors may think fit: \r\nProvided that Statutes concerning any of the matters mentioned in clauses (a) and (1) of sub -\r\nsection (1) shall be initiated and approved by the Board of Governors: \r\n \r\nPage 23 of 25 \r\n \r\nProvided further that the Board of Governors may initiate a Statute with respect to any matter \r\nin its power or with respect to which a Statute may be framed in terms of this Act and approve such \r\nStatute. \r\n28. Regulations. __ (1) Subject to the provisions of this Act and the Statues, the Academic \r\nCouncil may, by notification in the official Gazette, make Regulations for all or any of the following \r\nmatter, namely:__ \r\n(a) the courses of study for degrees, diplomas and certificates of the Institute; \r\n(b) the manner in which the teaching referred to in sub-section (1) of section 6 shall \r\nbe organized and conducted; \r\n(c) the admission and expulsion of students to and from the Institute; \r\n(d) the conditions under which students shall be admitted to the courses and the \r\nexaminations of the Institute and shall become eligible for the award of degrees, \r\ndiplomas and certificates; \r\n(e) the conduct of examinations; \r\n(f) conditions under which a person may carry on independent research to entitle \r\nhim to a degree; \r\n(g) the institution of fellowships, scholarships, exhibitions, medals and prizes; \r\n(h) the use of the Library; \r\n(i) the formation of Faculties, departments and Board of Studies; and \r\n(j) all other matters which by this Act or the Statutes are to be or may be prescribed \r\nby Regulations. \r\n(2) Regulations shall be proposed by the Academic Council and shall be submitted to the Board \r\nof Governors which may approve them or withhold approval or refer them back to the Academic \r\nCouncil for reconsideration. A Regulation proposed by the Academic Council shall not be effective \r\nunless it receives the approval of the Board of Governors. \r\n29. Amendment and repeal of Statutes and Regulations .__ The procedure for adding to, \r\namending or repealing the Statutes and the Regulations shall be the same as that prescribed respectively \r\nfor framing or making Statutes and Regulations. \r\n30. Rules. __ (1) The Authorities and the other bodies of the Institute may make Rules, \r\nconsistent with this Act, Statutes or the Regulations, to regulate any matter relating to the affairs of the \r\nInstitute which has not been provided for by this Act or that is not required to be regulated by Statutes \r\nor Regulations, including rules to regulate the conduct of business and the time and place of meetings \r\nand related matters. \r\n(2) Rules shall become effective upon approval by the Syndicate. \r\n \r\n \r\nPage 24 of 25 \r\n \r\nCHAPTER-VI \r\nINSTITUTE FUND \r\n31. Institute Fund.__ The Institute shall have a Fund to which shall be credited its income from \r\nfees, charges, donations, trusts, bequests, endowments, contributions, grants and all other sources. \r\n32. Budget, audit and accounts. __ (1) The budget of the Institute shall be approved in such \r\nmanner as may be determined by the Board of Trustees. \r\n(2) The Board of Trustees may approve the budget of the Institute. \r\n(3) The Accounts of the Institute shall be maintained in such form and in such manner as may \r\nbe prescribed by the Board of Trustees, and shall be audited each year within four months of the closing \r\nof the financial year of the Institute by a Chartered Accountant appointed by the Board of Trustees. \r\n(4) The accounts, together with the report of the auditor thereon, shall be submitted to the Board \r\nof Trustees for approval. \r\n(5) The auditor’s report shall certify that the auditor has complied with the standards of audit \r\nand certification laid down by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Pakistan. \r\nCHAPTER-VII \r\nGENERAL PROVISIONS \r\n33. Opportunity to show cause.__ Except as otherwise provided by law, no officer, teacher or \r\nother employee of the Institute holding a permanent post shall be reduced in rank, or removed or \r\ncompulsorily retired or dismissed from service for cause arising out of any act or omission on the part \r\nof the person concerned unless he has been given a reasonable opportunity of showing cause against \r\nthe action proposed to be taken. \r\n34. Appeal to the Syndicate and the Board of Governors. __ Where an order is passed \r\npunishing any officer (other than t he Vice-Chancellor), teacher or other employee of the Institute or \r\naltering or interpreting to his disadvantage the prescribed terms or conditions of his service, he shall, \r\nwhere the order is passed by any officer or teacher of the Institute, other than the Vice-Chancellor have \r\nthe right to appeal to the syndicate within thirty days against the order, and where the order is passed \r\nby the Vice-Chancellor, have the right to appeal within thirty days to the Board of Governors. \r\n35. Service of the Institute.__ (1) All persons employed by the Institute in accordance with the \r\nterms and conditions of service prescribed by Statutes shall be persons in the service of the Institute. \r\n(2) An officer, teacher, or other employee of the Institute shall retire from service o n the \r\nattainment of such age or tenure of service as may be prescribed. \r\n36. Benefits and insurance. __The Institute shall constitute for the benefit of its officers, \r\nteachers and other employees schemes, as may be prescribed. \r\n37. Commencement of term of office of members of Authority. __ (1) When a member of a \r\nnewly constituted Authority is elected, appointed or nominated, his term of office, as fixed under this \r\nAct, shall commence from such date as may be prescribed. \r\n \r\nPage 25 of 25 \r\n \r\n(2) Where a member who has accepted any o ther assignment or for any other similar reason \r\nremains absent from the Institute for a period of not less than six months he shall be deemed to have \r\nresigned and vacated his seat. \r\n38. Filling of casual vacancies in Authorities. __ Any casual vacancy among the members of \r\nany authority shall be filled, as soon as conveniently may be, in the same manner and by the same \r\nperson or Authority that had appointed the member whose place has become vacant and the person \r\nappointed to the vacancy shall be a member of such Authority for the residue of the term for which the \r\nperson whose place he fills would have been a member. \r\n39. Flaws in the constitution of Authorities.__ Where there is a flaw in the constitution of an \r\nAuthority, as constituted by this Act, the Statutes or the Regulations on account of the abolition of a \r\nspecified office or because an organization, institution or other body outside the Institute has been \r\ndissolved or has ceased to function, or because of some other similar reason, such flaw shall be \r\nremoved in such manner as the Board of Governors may direct. \r\n40. Proceedings of Authorities not invalidated by vacancies.__ No act, resolution or decision \r\nof any Authority shall be invalid by reason of any vacancy on the Authority doing, passing, or making \r\nit or by reason of any want of qualification or invalidity in the election, appointment or nomination of \r\nany de-facto member of the Authority, whether present or absent. \r\n41. First Statutes and Regulations. __ Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in \r\nthis Act, the President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan shall promulgate the First Statues and \r\nRegulations which shall be deemed to be the Statutes and the Regulations respectively framed under \r\nsections 27 and 28 and shall continue to remain in force until amended or replaced or till such time as \r\nnew Statutes and Regulations are framed in accordance with the provisions of this Act \r\n42. Removal of difficulty. __(1) If any question arises as to the interpretation of any of the \r\nprovisions of this Act, it shall be placed before the Chancellor and the Commission whose decision \r\nthereon shall be final. \r\n(2) If any difficulty arises in giving effect to any of the provisions of this Act, the Chancellor \r\nmay make such order after obtaining the views of the Board of Gover nors, not inconsistent with the \r\nprovisions of this Act, as may appear to him to be necessary for removing the difficulty. \r\n(3) Where this Act makes any provision for anything to be done but no provision or no \r\nsufficient provision has been made as respects the authority by whom, or the time at which, or the \r\nmanner in which, it shall be done, then it shall be done by such authority, at such time, or in such \r\nmanner as the Chancellor may direct after obtaining the views of the Board of Governors. \r\n43. 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