{ "schema_version": "qanun-law-text/1", "id": "punjab-code-4308e2cddb66d821", "title": "PUNJAB FORENSIC SCIENCE AUTHORITY ACT 2025", "source_collection": "Punjab", "content_kind": "stored_law_text", "content_extent": null, "source_url": "https://punjabcode.punjab.gov.pk/en/show_article/XGwCNQY3VWxTNA--", "version": null, "source_snapshot": "2026-08-06T16:56:34Z", "legal_status": "not independently verified", "text_quality": "Complete stored UTF-8 TXT file recovered byte-for-byte from owned Drive. Source transcription retained verbatim; legal completeness, OCR accuracy and current consolidation unverified.", "text_sha256": "c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511", "source_sha256": "c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511", "text_version_id": "law:punjab-code-4308e2cddb66d821:sha256:c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511", "quality_flags": [], "encoding": "UTF-8", "text": "THE PUNJAB FORENSIC SCIENCE AUTHORITY ACT 2025 \r\n(XVIII of 2025) \r\nCONTENTS \r\n1. Short title, extent and commencement \r\n2. Definitions \r\n3. Establishment of Authority \r\n4. Meetings of the Authority \r\n5. Powers and functions of the Authority \r\n6. Constitution of committees and establishment of panel \r\n7. Appointment of Director General \r\n8. Powers and functions of Director General \r\n9. Employees of the Authority \r\n10. Directions to the Authority \r\n11. Fund \r\n12. Budget and accounts \r\n13. Audit \r\n14. Experts \r\n15. Expert opinion \r\n16. Clarification in case of certain opinion \r\n17. Re-examination of forensic material \r\n18. Offence \r\n19. Appeal \r\n20. Annual performance report \r\n21. Act to be read in conjunction with other laws \r\n22. Power to make rules \r\n23. Power to frame regulations \r\n24. Indemnity \r\n25. Absorption in the Authority \r\n26. Removal of difficulties \r\n27. Repeal \r\n \r\nTEXT \r\n1\r\nTHE PUNJAB FORENSIC SCIENCE AUTHORITY ACT 2025 \r\n(XVIII of 2025) \r\n[24th March, 2025] \r\nAn \r\nAct \r\nto establish the Punjab Forensic Science Authority for forensic examination of \r\ndocuments, materials, equipment, impressions or other objects. \r\nIt is necessary to provide for establishment of an Authority for forensic examination of \r\ndocuments, materials, equipment, impressions or other objects; for scientific opinion on \r\ndifferent types of evidential material referred to it by the investigating agencies or any \r\nother authorized authority for forensic and tendering its expert opinion the reon and for \r\nthe matters ancillary thereto and connected therewith. \r\nBe it enacted by Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as follows: \r\n Short title, extent and commencement . (1) This Act may be cited as the \r\nPunjab Forensic Science Authority Act 2025. \r\n(2) It extends to whole of the Punjab. \r\n(3) It shall come into force at once. \r\n2. Definitions. (1) In the Act: \r\n(a) “Act” means the Punjab Forensic Science Authority Act 2025; \r\n(b) “Authority” means the Punjab Forensic Science Authority established under \r\nsection 3 of the Act; \r\n(c) “concerned officer” means an officer who carries out test or renders \r\nopinion; \r\n(d) “Code” means the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (V of 1898); \r\n(e) “Director General” means the Director General of the Authority appointed \r\nunder the Act; \r\n(f) “expert” means a person ha ving knowledge or skills in a particular area of \r\nforensic science and includes a qualified foreign expert in the field of \r\nforensic science; \r\n(g) “forensic material” includes biological sample, trace evidence, such as hair \r\nand fiber, paint and polymer, glass, fi rearm, tool mark, document, material, \r\nequipment, impression, latent fingerprints, footprints, handwriting, ballistics, \r\ncurrency, burnt remains, alcohol, drugs, narcotics and poison, photography \r\nat crime scene, pesticide, electronic or cybercrime, nuclear \r\ndeoxyribonucleic acid, short tandem repeat, video, fingerprinting, voice \r\nidentification, human or animal semen, blood stain pattern, arson and \r\nexplosive or any other object connected with the commission of an offence, \r\na civil cause or any other proceedings , polygraph and spectrograph as \r\ninstrument to conduct forensic analysis; \r\n(h) “Government\" means Government of the Punjab; \r\n(i) “offence” means an act of commission or omission punishable under the \r\nAct or any law for the time being in force; \r\n \r\n1This Act was passed by Provincial Assembly of the Punjab on 14 March 2025; and was assented to by Governor of the Punjab on 21 \r\nMarch 2025; and was published in the Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated: 24 March 2025, pp. 3619-3625. \r\n\r\n(j) “prescribed” means prescribed by the rules or regulations; \r\n(k) “regulations” means the regulations framed under the Act; and \r\n(l) “rules” means the rules made under the Act. \r\n(2) A word or an expression used but not defined in the Act shall have the \r\nsame meanings as defined in the Code. \r\n3. Establishment of Authority . (1) The Government shall, by notification in the \r\nofficial Gazette, establish the Authority to be known as the Punjab Forensic Science \r\nAuthority. \r\n(2) The Authority shall be a body corporate having perpetual succession and a \r\ncommon seal, with power to enter into contract, acquire or dispose of property, and may \r\nby its name sue or be sued. \r\n(3) The Authority shall consist of: \r\n(a) Chief Minister Chairperson \r\n(b) a person to be nominated by the Chief \r\nMinister \r\nVice-Chairperson \r\n(c) Secretary to Government, Home \r\nDepartment \r\nMember \r\n(d) Secretary to Government, Finance \r\nDepartment \r\nMember \r\n(e) Secretary to Government, Law and \r\nParliamentary Affairs Department \r\nMember \r\n(f) Secretary to Government, Planning \r\nand Development Board \r\nMember \r\n(g) Secretary to Government, Public \r\nProsecution Department \r\nMember \r\n(h) Inspector General of Police or his \r\nnominee \r\nMember \r\n(i) one expert in the field of audio visual \r\nanalysis \r\nMember \r\n(j) one expert in the field of computer \r\nforensic \r\nMember \r\n(k) one expert in the field of criminology Member \r\n(l) one expert in the field of molecular \r\nsciences \r\nMember \r\n(m) one expert in the field of pathology Member \r\n(n) Director General of the Authority \r\n2[(o) Director General, Punjab Agriculture, \r\nFood and Drug Authority \r\n(p) Chairman, Punjab Information \r\nTechnology Board \r\nMember/Secretary \r\nMember \r\n \r\nMember] \r\n \r\n2Added by the Punjab Forensic Science Authority (Amendment) Act 2026 (XXV of 2026); and was published in the Punjab Gazette \r\n(Extraordinary), dated: 06 May 2026, p. 5841, s.2. \r\n \r\n(4) The Authority may co -opt an expert in its meeting for its assistance on a \r\nparticular matter for the purposes of the Act but such co -opted expert shall not have any \r\nright to vote. \r\n(5) The experts at clauses (i) to (m) of sub -section (1) shall be appointed, for a \r\nterm of five years by the Government who shall serve during the pleasure of the \r\nGovernment. \r\n(6) The experts at clauses (i) to (m) of sub -section (1), after expiry of their \r\nterm, may, subject to fulfilling criteria, be appoi nted for second term but no such expert \r\nshall be appointed thrice as expert member of the Authority. \r\n4. Meetings of the Authority . (1) The Secretary of the Authority shall, on the \r\ndirection of Chairperson, call a meeting of the Authority which shall be held at least once \r\nin a quarter and six Members shall constitute a quorum for a meeting of the Authority. \r\n(2) The Chairperson, or, in his absence, Vice-Chairperson shall preside over \r\nthe meeting. \r\n(3) The Authority shall take its decision by majority of its Members present and \r\nvoting and in case of a tie, the person presiding over the meeting shall have a casting \r\nvote. \r\n(4) In case, the Chairperson and Vice Chairperson, both are unavailable, the \r\nMember elected by rest of the Members of the Authority present in the meeting shall \r\npreside over the meeting of the Authority. \r\n(5) The Secretary of the Authority shall maintain complete record of minutes of \r\nmeeting and decisions of the Authority in the prescribed manner. \r\n(6) The proceedings of a meeting of the Authority shall not be invalid merely \r\non account of any vacancy or defect in the constitution of the Authority. \r\n5. Powers and functions of the Authority . (1 ) Sub ject to the provisions of the \r\nAct, rules and regulations framed thereunder, the Authority may exercise such powers \r\nand take such measures as may be necessary for carrying out the purposes of the Act. \r\n(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing sub -section, the \r\nAuthority shall: \r\n(a) formulate standards, procedures, process and guidelines for collection, \r\nexamination and transmission of forensic material; \r\n(b) render its expert opinion after examination of forensic material; \r\n(c) propose advancement in forensic tech niques and suggest use of suitable \r\nscientific instruments for examination of forensic material; \r\n(d) seek clarification from the person involved in collection or handling of \r\nforensic material or crime scene in the prescribed manner; \r\n(e) regulate for collection, preservation and handling of forensic material by the \r\ncrime scene investigators; \r\n(f) notify crime scene investigators for attending crime scene; \r\n(g) devise a mechanism for crime scene investigators to receive the case \r\ndocket and establish chain of custody of samples; \r\n(h) authorize its officer to collect forensic material that requires special \r\nexpertise or scientific methods for collection and preservation; \r\n(i) maintain record for examination of forensic material, including record \r\npertaining to identity of a person connecte d with or accused of an offence, \r\nin the prescribed manner; \r\n(j) promote general awareness through print, electronic and social media or \r\nany other source of communication on matters relating to forensic; \r\n(k) establish one or more agency for special purposes in the prescribed \r\nmanner; \r\n(l) establish labs, training institutes at each divisional headquarter or at any \r\nother place; \r\n(m) procure, operate and maintain scientific instruments, machinery, equipment \r\nor material as may be required for proper discharge of its functions; \r\n(n) acquire land for establishment of scientific or forensic labs or training \r\ninstitutes; \r\n(o) fix the amount of analysis fee or charges where applicable; \r\n(p) exercise its functions as far as possible, in accordance with the well -\r\nestablished scientific principles and international best practices; \r\n(q) hire or appoint advisors, consultants or experts in such manner and on \r\nsuch terms and conditions as may be prescribed; and \r\n(r) perform such other functions as may be ancillary, or as may be prescribed \r\nto carry out the purpose of the Act. \r\n(3) The Authority may delegate any or all of its powers and functions, except \r\napproval of annual budget, to Director General or its officer or agency of the \r\nGovernment. \r\n6. Constitution of committees and establishment of panel . (1) The Authority \r\nmay constitute committees comprising of such number of members as it may provide, for \r\nthe purposes of the Act and the committee shall also record minutes of its meeting. \r\n(2) The Authority may establish a panel consisting of as many scientific \r\nexperts as it may deem fit and appropriate for the purposes of the Act. \r\n7. Appointment of Director General . (1) On the recommendation of the Search \r\nCommittee, to be constituted by the Government, Director General shall be appointed by \r\nthe Chief Minister for a period upto five years on such terms and conditions as may be \r\ndetermined by the Chief Minister , however, Director General shall hold office during the \r\npleasure of the Chief Minister. \r\n(2) The terms and conditions of service of the Director General determined by \r\nthe Chief Minister shall not be varied during his tenure in office. \r\n(3) The Director General may tender his resignation to the Chief Minister and \r\nshall cease to hold office upon acceptance of his resignation. \r\n(4) When the office of the Director General is vacant, the Chief Minister may \r\nappoint an officer from Pakistan Administrative Service or Provincial Management \r\nService having BS -20, as Director General, till the regular appointment of the Director \r\nGeneral under this section. \r\n8. Powers and functions of Director General . (1) The Director General shall be \r\nthe Chief Executive Officer and principal accounting officer of the Authority and \r\ncompetent to enter into contracts on behalf of the Authority. \r\n(2) The Director General may delegate any of his financial powers to an officer \r\nof the Authority subject to approval of the Authority. \r\n(3) The Director General shall exercise such administrative and financial \r\npowers as are provided in the Act, or as may be prescribed or delegated to him by the \r\nAuthority. \r\n(4) The Director General, subject to control of the Aut hority, shall be \r\nresponsible for accomplishing the objectives of the Act and for implementation of the \r\nprovisions of the Act, rules and regulations. \r\n9. Employees of the Authority . (1) The Authority may, for performance of its \r\nfunctions, employ such officers, officials and other employees, on such terms and \r\nconditions as it may prescribe. \r\n(2) The Authority may provide for grant of such allowances, leave, pension, \r\ngratuity, provident fund and other benefits and facilities to its employees as it may \r\nprescribe. \r\n(3) The e mployees of the Authority shall be deemed to be public servants \r\nwithin the meanings of section 21 of the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 (XLV of 1860). \r\n10. Directions to the Authority . The Government may give general or special \r\ndirections to the Authority which shall comply with such directions. \r\n11. Fund. (1) There shall be a Fund to be known as the Punjab Forensic Science \r\nAuthority Fund to be administered and controlled by the Authority. \r\n(2) The Fund shall consist of: \r\n(a) funds or grants made by the Government or Federal Gove rnment or their \r\nauthorities or agencies; \r\n(b) fee and charges collected by the Authority for rendering special services in \r\nthe field of forensic science; \r\n(c) income from lease or sale of property of Authority; and \r\n(d) income from any other source. \r\n(3) The Fund shall be invested and maintained in such manner as may be \r\nprescribed. \r\n(4) The Fund shall be utilized to meet the expenses of the Authority in \r\nconnection with its functions under the Act. \r\n(5) The Authority may obtain loan and float bonds to raise its Funds. \r\n12. Budget and accou nts. (1) The Director General shall, before the \r\ncommencement of a financial year, prepare a statement of estimated receipts and \r\nexpenditure of the Authority for the financial year and submit to the Authority for \r\napproval. \r\n(2) The Authority shall maintain prop er accounts and other records relating to \r\nits financial affairs including its income and expenditures and its assets and liabilities in \r\nsuch form and manner as may be prescribed. \r\n(3) The Authority may open and maintain its accounts at such scheduled bank \r\nas may be prescribed. \r\n(4) After the end of each financial year, the Authority shall, in the prescribed \r\nmanner, prepare for that financial year statements of account of the Authority, which \r\nshall include a balance-sheet and all kinds of account of income and expenditure. \r\n13. Audit. (1) The Auditor General of Pakistan shall, annually, audit the accounts of \r\nthe Authority. \r\n(2) The Government shall, in addition to the audit under sub -section (1), cause \r\nthe accounts of the Authority annually audited, by a chartered accountant or a firm of \r\nchartered accountants. \r\n(3) The auditor appointed under sub-section (2) shall be provided such access \r\nto the books, accounts and other documents as may be considered necessary for audit \r\nof accounts. \r\n(4) The auditor shall submit annual or any special audi t report to the Authority \r\nwhich shall, under intimation to the Government, take appropriate remedial action in light \r\nof audit report. \r\n \r\n14. Experts. (1) The Authority may appoint such experts as it may deem necessary \r\nin such manner and having such qualifications as may be prescribed. \r\n(2) The opinion of the expert appointed under the Act shall be admissible \r\nunder section 510 of the Code and relevant under Article 59 of the Qanun -e-Shahadat, \r\n1984 (10 of 1984). \r\n(3) The Authority shall not entrust examination o f a forensic material to a \r\nperson who has been convicted of an offence related to giving false evidence under any \r\nlaw for the time being in force. \r\n15. Expert opinion . (1) A court or tribunal may send to the Authority, a forensic \r\nmaterial related to investigat ion or proceedings before it, for examination and expert \r\nopinion. \r\n(2) The Authority or on its behalf Director General shall authenticate and send \r\nexpert opinion to a court or tribunal in the prescribed manner. \r\n(3) An expert opinion shall carry the name, designatio n and unique \r\nidentification code of the expert who conducted the examination. \r\n16. Clarification in case of certain opinion. (1) If an expert opinion is not clear, the \r\ncourt or tribunal may refer it to the Authority for clarification on a specific question. \r\n(2) The Authority shall, on receipt of reference, send clarification on the \r\nquestion to the court or tribunal. \r\n(3) If the condition of the forensic material or any other fact does not allow \r\nsubmission of a clear answer to the question, the concerned officer shall state its inability \r\nto answer the question. \r\n17. Re-examination of forensic material. (1) A person affected by the opinion of an \r\nexpert, may, for a sufficient cause, submit an application, for re -examination, before the \r\ncourt or tribunal before which opinion is rendered or submitted by the Authority. \r\n(2) If the court or tribunal is satisfied that there are sufficient grounds for re -\r\nconsideration of the opinion, it may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, direct the \r\nAuthority to re-examine the forensic material. \r\n(3) The Director General shall, upon receipt of direction under sub -section (2), \r\nconstitute a panel of three or more experts to re -examine forensic material or refer the \r\nsame to a forensic examination facility for examination and opinion. \r\n(4) The Director General shall submit the findings of the panel of experts or \r\nforensic examination facility, as the case may be, to the court or tribunal. \r\n18. Offence. (1) If an expert or official of the Authority knowingly or negligently \r\nrenders false, incorrect or misleading opinio n or evidence before a court or tribunal, he \r\nshall be punished with imprisonment which shall not be less than five years and fine not \r\nless than five hundred thousand rupees. \r\n(2) An offence under the Act shall be non -bailable and triable by a Court of \r\nSessions in the manner as provided in the Code. \r\n(3) The court shall not take cognizance of an offence under the Act unless \r\nDirector General, makes a complaint, in writing, to it in the manner and form as may be \r\nprescribed. \r\n19. Appeal. An expert or official aggrieved by an order or sentence passed under \r\nsection 18, may, within thirty days of its passing, prefer an appeal to the Lahore High \r\nCourt. \r\n20. Annual performance report . (1) The Authority shall submit its annual \r\nperformance report to the Government, before July, 31st in a year. \r\n(2) The Government shall, within sixty days of receipt of report under sub -\r\nsection (1), arrange for its laying before the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab. \r\n21. Act to be read in conjunction with other laws . The provisions of the Act shall \r\nbe read in conj unction with and not in derogation of any other law for the time being in \r\nforce. \r\n22. Power to make rules . The Government may, by notification in official Gazette, \r\nmake rules for giving effect to the provisions of the Act. \r\n23. Power to frame regulations . Subject to the Act, the Authority may, by \r\nnotification in official Gazette, frame regulations for carrying out the purposes of the Act. \r\n24. Indemnity. No suit or legal proceeding shall lie against the Authority or its \r\nMember, officer or employee in respect of anythin g done in good faith or purporting to \r\nhave been done or intended to be done under the Act, rules and regulations. \r\n25. Absorption in the Authority . (1) The Government may, by notification in the \r\nofficial Gazette, absorb in the Authority, a body, agency, bureau , laboratory or any other \r\nfacility of the Government concerned with examination and rendering expert opinion \r\nabout forensic material, in such mode and manner as may be prescribed. \r\n(2) An employee of the body, agency, bureau, laboratory or other facility of the \r\nGovernment absorbed in the Authority under sub -section (1), may be given one time \r\noption to be absorbed in the Authority: \r\nProvided that the option, once exercised under sub -section (2), shall be final and \r\nirrevocable in any manner and those who do not opt to be absorbed, shall be repatriated \r\nforthwith. \r\n(3) The employees who opt to be absorbed in the service of the Authority shall \r\nbe absorbed and appointed in the service of the Authority subject to fulfilling such criteria \r\nand in such manner as may be prescribed. \r\n26. Removal of difficulties. If any difficulty arises as to give effect to the provisions \r\nof the Act, the Government may, subject to the provisions of the Act, pass such orders \r\nas may be necessary to remove such difficulties. \r\n27. Repeal. (1) The Punj ab Forensic Science Agency Act, 2007 (XII of 2007) is \r\nhereby repealed. \r\n(2) Notwithstanding the repeal under sub -section (1), the Punjab Forensic \r\nScience Agency shall continue to perform its functions mandated under the repealed Act \r\nand its employees shall con tinue to serve under the agency unless and until the agency \r\nis absorbed in the Authority under the Act. \r\n(3) In case the Punjab Forensic Science Agency is absorbed in the Authority \r\nunder section 25, all its employees, regular or on contract basis, on such absor ption, \r\nshall stand transferred to the service of the Authority: \r\nProvided that the Authority shall, within three hundred and sixty -five days from \r\nabsorption of the Punjab Forensic Science Agency, give such transferred employees an \r\nopportunity to opt for repatriation to their parent departments as one-time option. \r\n(4) The terms and conditions of the employees, transferred under sub -section \r\n(3), shall not be less favourable than those available to them before their transfer to the \r\nAuthority.", "passage_offset_convention": "zero-based Unicode code points and UTF8 bytes; end exclusive", "passages": [ { "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-4308e2cddb66d821:sha256:c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511:chars-0-1798:6ff55dc448c50703543a475c93e8f96908ee62b733bda4c36a6a8848262a3fd0", "character_start": 0, "character_end": 1798, "utf8_byte_start": 0, "utf8_byte_end": 1800, "passage_sha256": "6ff55dc448c50703543a475c93e8f96908ee62b733bda4c36a6a8848262a3fd0", "reader_fragment": "p-0-1798-6ff55dc448c50703" }, { "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-4308e2cddb66d821:sha256:c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511:chars-1798-3564:5fc5df064da96bc674c51371bd052ca613b885887c0939935ea74d806b132765", "character_start": 1798, "character_end": 3564, "utf8_byte_start": 1800, "utf8_byte_end": 3602, "passage_sha256": "5fc5df064da96bc674c51371bd052ca613b885887c0939935ea74d806b132765", "reader_fragment": "p-1798-3564-5fc5df064da96bc6" }, { "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-4308e2cddb66d821:sha256:c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511:chars-3564-5356:29cad195b3fbed9dee2d3b1ea340711da68b1e7073498484e8471a9d66e97eb2", "character_start": 3564, "character_end": 5356, "utf8_byte_start": 3602, "utf8_byte_end": 5408, "passage_sha256": "29cad195b3fbed9dee2d3b1ea340711da68b1e7073498484e8471a9d66e97eb2", "reader_fragment": "p-3564-5356-29cad195b3fbed9d" }, { "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-4308e2cddb66d821:sha256:c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511:chars-5356-7108:dc75678ebb224570f623c24e1549c52d045be2b5da0d74d6e1da545738b75c4f", "character_start": 5356, "character_end": 7108, "utf8_byte_start": 5408, "utf8_byte_end": 7162, "passage_sha256": "dc75678ebb224570f623c24e1549c52d045be2b5da0d74d6e1da545738b75c4f", "reader_fragment": "p-5356-7108-dc75678ebb224570" }, { "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-4308e2cddb66d821:sha256:c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511:chars-7108-8888:f0cc837e78c06a5b01f5ab2c69405e389089e86ba73bdfcb93038a92a49c9d17", "character_start": 7108, "character_end": 8888, "utf8_byte_start": 7162, "utf8_byte_end": 8944, "passage_sha256": "f0cc837e78c06a5b01f5ab2c69405e389089e86ba73bdfcb93038a92a49c9d17", "reader_fragment": "p-7108-8888-f0cc837e78c06a5b" }, { "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-4308e2cddb66d821:sha256:c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511:chars-8888-10688:712d7d98a49f63d83d9ccc196dd6f65b4eccf438465906944dcc11d4afc212cb", "character_start": 8888, "character_end": 10688, "utf8_byte_start": 8944, "utf8_byte_end": 10748, "passage_sha256": "712d7d98a49f63d83d9ccc196dd6f65b4eccf438465906944dcc11d4afc212cb", "reader_fragment": "p-8888-10688-712d7d98a49f63d8" }, { "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-4308e2cddb66d821:sha256:c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511:chars-10688-12432:33e5ead15096579ea6c4da195d02430e6bc43f5fb0119bddef9f09645b4da516", "character_start": 10688, "character_end": 12432, "utf8_byte_start": 10748, "utf8_byte_end": 12496, "passage_sha256": "33e5ead15096579ea6c4da195d02430e6bc43f5fb0119bddef9f09645b4da516", "reader_fragment": "p-10688-12432-33e5ead15096579e" }, { "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-4308e2cddb66d821:sha256:c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511:chars-12432-14204:8421650dd8330e22d8707f755ef6410c8fe856bd4e0f2ded872541a2bdae92ca", "character_start": 12432, "character_end": 14204, "utf8_byte_start": 12496, "utf8_byte_end": 14274, "passage_sha256": "8421650dd8330e22d8707f755ef6410c8fe856bd4e0f2ded872541a2bdae92ca", "reader_fragment": "p-12432-14204-8421650dd8330e22" }, { "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-4308e2cddb66d821:sha256:c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511:chars-14204-15954:9ea0aafb8757411776f2df2a52b228e6314fd17c37d98380d94864493496abe3", "character_start": 14204, "character_end": 15954, "utf8_byte_start": 14274, "utf8_byte_end": 16030, "passage_sha256": "9ea0aafb8757411776f2df2a52b228e6314fd17c37d98380d94864493496abe3", "reader_fragment": "p-14204-15954-9ea0aafb87574117" }, { "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-4308e2cddb66d821:sha256:c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511:chars-15954-17736:7252527c566d1643ff917d0734f837c4814c2f4c0c32ec71a31c072334cb54d6", "character_start": 15954, "character_end": 17736, "utf8_byte_start": 16030, "utf8_byte_end": 17818, "passage_sha256": "7252527c566d1643ff917d0734f837c4814c2f4c0c32ec71a31c072334cb54d6", "reader_fragment": "p-15954-17736-7252527c566d1643" }, { "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-4308e2cddb66d821:sha256:c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511:chars-17736-19519:3678cba10e861cd904300d295e076687ccef968f7acbcc4a67e0c58fd9b98fd9", "character_start": 17736, "character_end": 19519, "utf8_byte_start": 17818, "utf8_byte_end": 19615, "passage_sha256": "3678cba10e861cd904300d295e076687ccef968f7acbcc4a67e0c58fd9b98fd9", "reader_fragment": "p-17736-19519-3678cba10e861cd9" }, { "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-4308e2cddb66d821:sha256:c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511:chars-19519-21257:a316420016b7587d74493a8507b3e79cb25725b1f45dbfa476b9afe5666a1a66", "character_start": 19519, "character_end": 21257, "utf8_byte_start": 19615, "utf8_byte_end": 21357, "passage_sha256": "a316420016b7587d74493a8507b3e79cb25725b1f45dbfa476b9afe5666a1a66", "reader_fragment": "p-19519-21257-a316420016b7587d" }, { "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-4308e2cddb66d821:sha256:c15e435ec35b29923651fb2b09d266cbe235b315124ebba505ca06974d8ab511:chars-21257-21698:c71be5f15e11a020fdc6656777d7f9189b17b5c0781b72c5bd975fab141357da", "character_start": 21257, "character_end": 21698, "utf8_byte_start": 21357, "utf8_byte_end": 21798, "passage_sha256": "c71be5f15e11a020fdc6656777d7f9189b17b5c0781b72c5bd975fab141357da", "reader_fragment": "p-21257-21698-c71be5f15e11a020" } ] }