{
  "schema_version": "qanun-law-text/1",
  "id": "punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45",
  "title": "UNIVERSITY OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, LAHORE ORDINANCE 2002",
  "source_collection": "Punjab",
  "content_kind": "stored_law_text",
  "content_extent": null,
  "source_url": "https://punjabcode.punjab.gov.pk/en/show_article/VmNRZAExUGA-",
  "version": null,
  "source_snapshot": "2026-08-06T17:05:46Z",
  "legal_status": "not independently verified",
  "text_quality": "Complete stored UTF-8 TXT file recovered byte-for-byte from owned Drive. Source transcription retained verbatim; legal completeness, OCR accuracy and current consolidation unverified.",
  "text_sha256": "90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34",
  "source_sha256": "90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34",
  "text_version_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34",
  "quality_flags": [],
  "encoding": "UTF-8",
  "text": "THE UNIVERSITY OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL \r\nSCIENCES, LAHORE ORDINANCE, 2002 \r\n(XXIX of 2002) \r\nCONTENTS \r\n1. Short title and commencement \r\n2. Definitions \r\n3. Incorporation \r\n4. Powers of the University \r\n5. Jurisdiction of the University \r\n6. Integration of Educational or Research Institutes with the University \r\n7. University to be open to all classes, creeds, etc. \r\n8. Teaching in the University \r\n9. Officers of the University \r\n10. Chancellor \r\n11. Revisional powers of the Chancellor \r\n12. Visitation \r\n13. Pro-Chancellor \r\n14. Vice-Chancellor \r\n15. Powers and duties of the Vice-Chancellor \r\n15-A. Pro-Vice Chancellor  \r\n16. Registrar \r\n17. Treasurer \r\n18. Controller of Examinations \r\n19. Auditor \r\n20. Other officers \r\n21. Authorities \r\n22. Syndicate \r\n23. Powers and duties of the Syndicate \r\n24. Academic Council \r\n25. Powers and duties of the Academic Council \r\n26. Constitution, functions and powers of other Authorities \r\n27. Appointment of Committees by certain Authorities \r\n28. Statutes \r\n29. Regulations \r\n30. Amendment and repeal of Statutes and Regulations \r\n31. Rules \r\n32. Affiliation \r\n33. Additions of courses by affiliated educational institutions \r\n34. Reports from affiliated educational institution \r\n35. Withdrawal of affiliation \r\n36. Appeal against refusal or withdrawal of affiliation \r\n37. University fund \r\n38. Recovery of University dues \r\n39. Audit and Accounts \r\n40. Retirement from service \r\n41. Appeal and review \r\n42. Pension, insurance, gratuity, provident fund and benevolent fund \r\n43. Transfer and posting \r\n44. Commencement of terms of office of members of Authorities \r\n45. Filling of casual vacancies in Authorities \r\n46. Disputes about membership of Authority \r\n47. Proceedings of Authorities not invalidated by vacancies \r\n48. First Statutes \r\n49. Savings \r\n50. Transitory Provisions \r\n51. Removal of difficulties \r\nSCHEDULE \r\n1. Faculties \r\n2. Dean \r\n3. Teaching Departments and Chairman \r\n4. Board of Studies \r\n5. Advanced Studies and Research Board \r\n6. Selection Board \r\n7. Functions of the Selection Board \r\n8. Finance and Planning Committee \r\n9. Functions of Finance and Planning Committee \r\n10. Affiliation Committee \r\n11. Discipline Committee \r\n \r\nTEXT \r\n1\r\nTHE UNIVERSITY OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, LAHORE \r\nORDINANCE, 2002 \r\n(XXIX of 2002) \r\n[8th June, 2002] \r\nAn \r\nOrdinance \r\nto constitute and establish the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore. \r\nPreamble.– Whereas it is expedient for the purpose of improving, teaching, research, \r\npublication and administration thereof to establish the University of Veterinary and \r\nAnimal Sciences, Lahore and for matters ancillary and connected thereto in the manner \r\nhereinafter appearing; \r\nAnd whereas  the Provincial Assembly of the Punja b is dissolved and the \r\nGovernor is satisfied that circumstances exist which render it necessary to take \r\nimmediate action; \r\nAnd whereas  under Article 4 of the Provisional Constitution (Amendment) \r\nOrder No.9 of 1999, as amended by the Chief Executive Order No .11 of 2000, the \r\nGovernor of a Province may issue and promulgate an Ordinance; \r\nNow, therefore,  in exercise of the aforesaid powers and all other powers \r\nenabling him in that behalf, the Governor of the Punjab is pleased to make and \r\npromulgate the following Ordinance:– \r\n1. Short title and commencement. – (1) This Ordinance may be called the \r\nUniversity of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore Ordinance, 2002. \r\n(2) It shall come into force at once. \r\n2. Definitions.– In this Ordinance, unless the subject or context  otherwise \r\nrequires, the following expressions shall have the meanings hereby respectively \r\nassigned to them, that is to say– \r\n(a) “Academic Council” means the Academic Council of the University; \r\n(b) “affiliated college” means an educational institution affi liated to the \r\nUniversity but not maintained or administered by it; \r\n(c) “Authority” means any of the Authorities of the University specified in \r\nsection 21; \r\n(d) “Chairman” means head of a teaching Department; \r\n(e) “Chancellor” means the Chancellor of the University; \r\n                                                           \r\n1Promulgated by the Governor of the Punjab on 8 June 2002; and published in the Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated 8 \r\nJune 2002, pages 1875 -1898. Under Article 4 of the Provisional Constitution (Amendment) Order 1999 (9 of 1999), it will \r\nremain in force notwithstanding the maximum limit of three months prescribed under Article 128 of the Constitution of the \r\nIslamic Republic of Pakistan. \r\n(f) “College” means an affiliated college; \r\n(g) “constituent college” means a college maintained and administered by \r\nthe University; \r\n(h) “Dean” means the Chairman of the Board of Faculty; \r\n(i) “Director” means the head of a teaching division/institut e/ directorate of \r\nthe University; \r\n(j) “educational institution” means an institution imparting instruction in a \r\nsubject or subjects relating to a faculty; \r\n(k) “Faculty” means a faculty of the University; \r\n(l) “Government” means the Government of the Punjab; \r\n(m) “prescribed” means prescribed by Statutes, Regulations or Rules; \r\n(n) “Principal” means the head of a College; \r\n(o) “Pro-Chancellor” means the Pro-Chancellor of the University; \r\n(p) “Professional College” means a college providing instruction in courses \r\nof study leading to degree in Animal Production, Business \r\nManagement, Veterinary Sciences, Fisheries and Wildlife, or such \r\nother subjects as may be prescribed by Regulations to be professional \r\nsubjects; \r\n(q) “Professor Emeritus” means a retired Professor wo rking in a faculty in \r\nan honorary capacity; \r\n(r) “Registered Graduate” means– \r\n(i) a graduate of the University who has his name entered in the \r\nRegister of Registered Graduates; or \r\n(ii) a graduate from the former College of Veterinary Sciences, \r\nLahore and ha s his name entered in the register maintained by \r\nthe University for this purpose; \r\n(s) “Research Officer” means a person engaged whole time by the \r\nUniversity for research being equivalent in rank to a University teacher; \r\n(t) “Statutes”, “Regulations” and “R ules” mean respectively the Statutes, \r\nthe Regulations and the Rules made or deemed to have been made \r\nunder this Ordinance; \r\n(u) “Syndicate” means the Syndicate of the University; \r\n(v) “teachers” mean Professors, Associate Professors, Assistant \r\nProfessors, Le cturers and Research staff having prescribed \r\nqualifications engaged whole time by the University for teaching \r\ncertificate, diploma, degree or postgraduate classes, and such other \r\npersons as may be declared to be teachers by Regulations; \r\n(w) “Teaching Department” means a teaching department maintained and \r\nadministered by the University or recognized by the University; \r\n(x) “University” means the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, \r\nLahore as constituted under this Ordinance; \r\n(y) “University Teacher” means a whole time teacher appointed by the \r\nUniversity or recognized as such by the University; and \r\n(z) “Vice Chancellor” means the Vice Chancellor of the University. \r\n3. Incorporation.– (1) The University shall be constituted at Lahore in \r\naccordance with the provisions of this Ordinance. \r\n(2) The University shall consist of the Chancellor, the Pro -Chancellor, the \r\nVice Chancellor and the members of the Syndicate and the Academic Council. \r\n(3) The University shall be a body corporate by the name of the Universi ty \r\nof Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore and shall have perpetual succession and \r\na common seal and may sue and be sued by the said name. \r\n(4) The University shall be competent to acquire and hold property, both \r\nmovable and immovable, and to lease, sell or otherwise transfer any movable and \r\nimmovable property which vests in or has been acquired by it. \r\n(5) All properties, rights and interests of whatever kind used, enjoyed, \r\npossessed, owned or vested in, or held in trust by or for the College of Veterinary  \r\nSciences, Lahore as integrated under the West Pakistan Agricultural University \r\nOrdinance, 1961, and all liabilities legally subsisting against the said college shall \r\nstand transferred to the University as constituted under this Ordinance. \r\n4. Powers of the University.– The University shall have the powers to– \r\n(a) provide for instruction in Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Social and \r\nNatural Sciences, Humanities, and such other branches of learning as it \r\nmay deem fit, and to make provisions for research and f or the \r\nadvancement and dissemination of knowledge in such manner as it may \r\ndetermine; \r\n(b) prescribe course of studies to be conducted by it and the \r\ninstitutes/colleges; \r\n(c) hold examinations and to award and confer degrees, diplomas, \r\ncertificates and other  academic distinctions to and on persons who \r\nhave been admitted to and have passed its examinations under \r\nprescribed conditions; \r\n(d) confer honorary degrees or other distinctions on approved persons in \r\nthe manner prescribed; \r\n(e) provide such instruction fo r persons not being students of the \r\nUniversity as it may determine and to grant certificates and diplomas to \r\nsuch persons; \r\n(f) confer degrees on persons who have carried on independent research \r\nunder prescribed conditions; \r\n(g) affiliate and disaffiliate ed ucational institutions under prescribed \r\nconditions;  \r\n(h) admit educational institutions to its privileges and to withdraw such \r\nprivilege under prescribed conditions; \r\n(i) inspect colleges and other educational institutions associated or \r\nseeking association with it; \r\n(j) accept the examination passed and the periods of study spent by \r\nstudents of the University at other Universities and places of learning \r\nas equivalent to such examinations and periods of study in the \r\nUniversity, as it may determine, and to withdraw such acceptance; \r\n(k) co-operate with other Universities and public authorities in such \r\nmanner and for such purposes as it may determine; \r\n(l) institute Professorships, Associate Professorships, Assistant \r\nProfessorships and Lectureships and any other po sts and to appoint \r\npersons thereto; \r\n(m) create posts for research, extension administration and other related \r\npurposes and to appoint persons thereto;  \r\n(n) recognize selected members of the teaching staff of affiliated \r\neducational institutions admitted to the privileges of the University or \r\nsuch other persons as it may deem fit as University Teachers; \r\n(o) institute and award fellowships, scholarships, exhibitions, bursaries, \r\nmedals and prizes under prescribed conditions; \r\n(p) establish Teaching Departments, Schools, Colleges, Faculties, Institutes, \r\nCenters of Excellence, Museums and other centers of learning for the \r\ndevelopment of teaching and research and to make such arrangements \r\nfor their maintenance, management and administration as it may \r\ndetermine;  \r\n(q) control the residence of the students of the University and the \r\nColleges, to institute and maintain halls of residence and to approve or \r\nlicense hostels and lodgings; \r\n(r) supervise and control the discipline of the students of the University \r\nand the colle ges, to promote the extra curricular and recreational \r\nactivities of such students and to make arrangements for promoting \r\ntheir health and general welfare; \r\n(s) demand and receive payment of such fees and other charges as it may \r\ndetermine; \r\n(t) make provision s for research and advisory services and with these \r\nobjects to enter into arrangements with other institutions or with public \r\nbodies under prescribed conditions; \r\n(u) enter into, carry out, vary or cancel contracts; \r\n(v) receive and manage property transferr ed and grants, bequests, trusts, \r\ngifts, donations, endowments and other contributions made to the \r\nUniversity and to invest any fund representing such property, grants, \r\nbequests, trusts, gifts, donations, endowments or contributions in such \r\nmanner as it may deem fit; \r\n(w) provide for the printing and publication of research and other works; \r\nand  \r\n(x) do all such other acts and things, whether incidental to the powers \r\naforesaid or not, as may be requisite in order to further the objects of the \r\nUniversity as a place of education, learning and research. \r\n5. Jurisdiction of the University.– (1) The University shall exercise the powers \r\nconferred on it by or under this Ordinance within the territorial limits over which the \r\nCollege of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore as int egrated under the West Pakistan \r\nAgricultural University Ordinance, 1961, had jurisdiction immediately before this \r\nOrdinance came into force; provided that Government may, in consultation with the \r\nUniversity by general or special order, modify the extent an d scope of the aforesaid \r\npowers of the University with regard to such territorial limits or institutions. \r\n(2) No educational institution situated within the territorial limits of the \r\nUniversity shall, save with the consent of the University and the sanctio n of the \r\nGovernment, be associated in any way with or seek admission to the privileges of \r\nany other University. \r\n(3) The University may admit to its privileges under prescribed conditions \r\nan educational institution falling within the territorial limits of a nother University, \r\nwhether inside or outside Pakistan; provided that the consent of such other \r\nUniversity and the sanction of Government are first obtained. \r\n6. Integration of Educational or Research Institutes with the University .– (1) \r\nNotwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any other law, notification, contract, \r\nagreement or instrument, Government may, by notification in the official Gazette, integrate \r\nwith the University any educational or research institution situated anywhere in the \r\nPunjab. \r\n(2) On the publication of a notification under sub section (1)– \r\n(i) all rights, properties, assets and liabilities vested in or undertaken by \r\nsuch educational institution shall retrospectively become the rights, \r\nproperties, assets and liabilities of the University; and \r\n(ii) all persons serving in connection with the affairs of such educational \r\ninstitution in any capacity, shall stand transferred for service under the \r\nUniversity on such terms and conditions as the Government in \r\nconsultation with the University may determine: \r\nProvided that such terms and conditions shall not be less favorable than those \r\nadmissible to them immediately before their transfer to the University: \r\nProvided further that if any such person is a Government servant on \r\ndeputation to the  institution he shall not be transferred for service to the University \r\nwithout his consent in writing.  \r\n(3) Any question arising under the first proviso of sub section (2) shall be \r\nreferred to the Government and the decision of the Government on such quest ion \r\nshall be final. \r\n7. University to be open to all classes, creeds, etc. – The University shall be \r\nopen to all persons of either and of whatever religion, race, creed, class or colour \r\nand no person shall be denied the privileges of the University on the gr ounds of \r\nreligion, race, creed, class or colour: \r\nProvided that nothing contained in this section shall be deemed to prevent \r\nreligious instructions being given to the students in their own religious faith in such \r\nmanner as may be prescribed. \r\n8. Teaching in the University.– (1) All recognized teaching in various courses \r\nshall be conducted by the University in the prescribed manner, and may include \r\nlectures, tutorials, discussions, seminars, demonstrations as well as practical work in \r\nthe laboratories, workshops and farms and other methods of instruction. \r\n(2) The authority responsible for organizing recognized teaching shall be \r\nsuch as may be prescribed. \r\n(3) The courses and the curricula shall be such as may be prescribed. \r\n(4) A subject to be called Islamic and Pakistan Studies shall be taught as a \r\ncompulsory subject at the Bachelor’s Degree level in all Faculties: \r\nProvided that non Muslim students may, opt for Ethics and Pakistan Studies. \r\n(5) A degree shall not be awarded to a student unless he has passed the \r\nexamination in the subject mentioned in sub-section (4). \r\n(6) The provisions of sub -sections (4) and (5) shall take effect from such \r\ndate as may be fixed by the Vice-Chancellor. \r\n9. Officers of the University. – The following shall be the officers of the \r\nUniversity:– \r\n(a) the Chancellor; \r\n(b) the Pro-Chancellor; \r\n(c) the Vice-Chancellor; \r\n(ca) \r\n2\r\n[Pro-Vice Chancellor;] \r\n(d) the Deans; \r\n(e) the Directors; \r\n(f) the Principal of the constituent college; \r\n(g) the Chairmen of the Teaching Departments;  \r\n(h) the Registrar; \r\n(i) the Treasurer; \r\n(j) the Controller of Examinations; \r\n(k) the Librarian; and \r\n(l) such other persons as may be prescribed. \r\n10. Chancellor.– (1) The Governor of the Punjab shall be the Chancellor of the \r\nUniversity. \r\n(2) The Chancellor or his nominee shall preside at the convocation of the \r\nUniversity. \r\n                                                           \r\n2Inserted by the University of Veterinary & Ani mal Sciences, Lahore (Amendment ) Act 2012 (LVIII of 2012) ; and published in \r\nthe Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated 14.11.2012, pages1575-1577, s.2.  \r\n(3) If the Chancellor is satisfied that the proceedings of any Authority are not \r\nin accordance with the provisions of this Ordinance, the Statutes, the Regulations or \r\nthe Rules, he may, after calling upon such Authority or officer to show cause why such \r\nproceedings or orders should not be annulled, by order in writing, annul such \r\nproceedings. \r\n(4) Every proposal to confer an honorary degree shall be subject to \r\nconfirmation by the Chancellor. \r\n(5) The Chancellor shall ha ve the power to assent to such Statutes as are \r\nrequired to be submitted to him by the Syndicate or withhold assent or refer them \r\nback to the Syndicate for reconsideration. \r\n(6) The Chancellor may remove any person from the membership of any \r\nAuthority if such person– \r\n(i) has become of unsound mind; or  \r\n(ii) has been incapacitated to function as member of such Authority; or  \r\n(iii) has been convicted by a court of law of an offence involving moral \r\nturpitude; or  \r\n(iv) has failed to attend three consecutive meetings of the Authority; or \r\n(v) has accepted any assignment which involves his absence from the \r\nUniversity for a continuous period of six months or more: \r\nProvided that no order under this sub section shall be passed unless the \r\nperson to be affected thereby is afforded an opportunity of being heard. \r\n(7) In the performance of his functions under this Ordinance, the \r\nChancellor shall act and be bound in the same manner as the Governor of the \r\nProvince acts and is bound under Article 105 of the Constitution of the I slamic \r\nRepublic of Pakistan. \r\n11. Revisional powers of the Chancellor.– The Chancellor may, of his own motion \r\nor otherwise, call for and examine the record of any proceedings in which an order has \r\nbeen passed by any Authority for the purposes of satisfying himself as to the \r\ncorrectness, legality or propriety of any finding or order and may pass such orders as he \r\nmay deem fit: \r\nProvided that no order under this section shall be passed unless the person to \r\nbe affected thereby is afforded an opportunity of being heard.  \r\n12. Visitation.– (1) The Chancellor may cause an inspection or inquiry to be \r\nmade in respect of any matter connected with the University and shall, from time to \r\ntime, appoint such person or persons as he may deem fit for the purposes of \r\ncarrying out inspection of– \r\n(i) the University, its buildings, laboratories, libraries, museums, \r\nworkshops and equipment; \r\n(ii) any institution, college or hostel maintained or recognized by or \r\naffiliated to the University; \r\n(iii) the teaching and other work conducted by the University; and \r\n(iv) the conduct of examinations held by the University. \r\nThe Chancellor shall, in every such case as aforesaid, give a notice to the \r\nSyndicate of his intention to cause an inspection or inquiry to be made, and the \r\nSyndicate shall be entitled to be represented thereat. \r\n(2) The Chancellor shall communicate to the Syndicate his views with \r\nregard to the results of such inspection or inquiry and shall after ascertaining the \r\nviews thereon of the Syndicate, advise the Syndicate on the action to be taken. \r\n(3) The Syndicate shall communicate to the Chancellor such action, if any, as \r\nhas been taken or may be proposed to be taken upon the results of the inspection or \r\ninquiry. Such communication shall be submitted to the Chancellor within such time as \r\nmay be specified by the Chancellor. \r\n(4) Where the Syndicate does not, within a reasonable time, take action to \r\nthe satisfaction of the Chancellor, the Chancellor may, after considering any \r\nexplanation furnished or representation made by the Syndicate , issue such \r\ndirections as he thinks fit, and the Vice Chancellor shall comply with such directions.  \r\n13. Pro-Chancellor.– (1) The Minister/Advisor for Livestock and Dairy \r\nDevelopment Department, Government of the Punjab shall be the Pro -Chancellor of \r\nthe University. \r\n (2) The Pro -Chancellor shall perform duties and functions and exercise \r\nsuch powers as may be assigned and delegated to him by the Chancellor. \r\n14. \r\n3\r\n[Vice-Chancellor.– (1) A person who holds doctorate degree, has at least \r\nten years academic expe rience and is otherwise eligible and who is not more than \r\nsixty five years of age on the last date fixed for submission of applications for the \r\npost of the Vice Chancellor may apply for the post. \r\n(2) The Government shall determine, by notification in the official Gazette, the \r\nqualifications, experience and other relevant requirements for the post of the Vice \r\nChancellor. \r\n(3) The Government shall constitute, for a term of two years, a Search \r\nCommittee consisting of not less than three and not more than five members for making \r\nrecommendations for appointment of the Vice Chancellor. \r\n(4) The Search Committee shall follow such procedure and criteria, for \r\nselection of the panel for the post of the Vice Chancellor, as the Government may, by \r\nnotification, determine. \r\n(5) The Search Committee shall recommend to the Government, a panel \r\nof three persons who, in its opinion, are suitable for appointment as the Vice \r\nChancellor. \r\n(6) The Chancellor shall appoint the Vice Chancellor for each term of four \r\nyears but he shall serve during the pleasure of the Chancellor. \r\n(7) The Government shall determine the terms and conditions of service of \r\nthe Vice Chancellor. \r\n                                                           \r\n3Substituted  by the University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore (Amendment ) Act 2012 (LVIII of 2012); and published \r\nin the Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated 14.11.2012, pages1575-1577, s.3.  \r\n(8) The incumbent Vice Chancellor shall not be allowed any extension in \r\nhis tenure but subject to eligibility he may ag ain compete for the post of the Vice \r\nChancellor in accordance with the procedure prescribed by or under this section. \r\n(9) If the office of the Vice Chancellor is vacant or the Vice Chancellor is \r\nabsent or is unable to perform the functions of the Vice Chancellor owing to any cause, \r\nthe Pro-Vice Chancellor shall perform the functions of the Vice Chancellor but, if at any \r\ntime, the office of Pro -Vice Chancellor is also vacant or the Pro -Vice Chancellor is \r\nabsent or is unable to perform the functions of the Vice Chancellor owing to any cause, \r\nthe Chancellor shall make such temporary arrangements for the performance of the \r\nduties of the Vice Chancellor as he may deem fit.] \r\n15. Powers and duties of the Vice-Chancellor.– (1) The Vice-Chancellor shall be \r\nthe principal executive and academic officer of the University and shall ensure that the \r\nprovisions of this Ordinance, the Statutes, the Regulations and the Rules are faithfully \r\nobserved in order to promote the general efficiency and good order of the University and \r\nshall have all powers necessary for this purpose, including administrative control over all \r\nofficers, teachers, students and employees of the University. \r\n(2) The Vice Chancellor shall preside at the meetings of the Authorities of \r\nwhich he is the Chairman and be entitled to attend and preside any meeting of any \r\nother Authority or body of the University. \r\n(3) \r\n4\r\n[Subject to such conditions as may be prescribed, the Vice Chancellor \r\nmay, in an emergency, take an action which is not otherwise in the competence of \r\nthe Vice Chancellor but is in the competence of any other Authority. \r\n (3a) The Vice Chancellor shall, within seven days of taking an action under \r\nsub-section (3), submit a report of the action taken to the Pro -Chancellor and to the \r\nmembers of the Syndicate; and, the Syndicate shall, within forty five days of such an \r\naction of the Vice -Chancellor, pass such orders as the Syndicate deems \r\nappropriate.] \r\n(4) The Vice Chancellor shall also have the power to–  \r\n(i) \r\n5\r\n[* * * * * * * * * * *   ] \r\n(ii) sanction all expenditure provided for in the approved budget and to re -\r\nappropriate funds within the same major head of expenditure;  \r\n(iii) sanction by re-appropriation an amount not exceeding Rs. 100,000 for an \r\nunforeseen item not provided for in the budget, and report it to the \r\nSyndicate at the next meeting;  \r\n(iv) appoint paper -setters and examiners for all examinations of the \r\nUniversity after receiving panels of names from the relevant \r\nAuthorities; \r\n(v) make such arrangements for the scrutiny of papers, marks and results \r\nas he may consider necessary; \r\n(vi) direct teachers, officers and other employees of the University to take \r\nup such assignments in connection with teaching, research, \r\n                                                           \r\n4Substituted by the University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore (Amendment ) Act 2012 (LVIII of 2012 ) ; and published \r\nin the Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated 14.11.2012, pages1575-1577, s.4.  \r\n5Omitted ibid. \r\nexamination, administration and such other activities in the University \r\nas he may consider necessary for the purpose of the University; \r\n(vii) delegate subject to such conditions, if any, as may be prescribed , any \r\nof his powers under this Act to an officer or officers of the University; \r\n(viii) appoint employees in Basic Pay Scales 1 to 16; and \r\n(ix)  exercise and perform such other powers and functions as may be \r\nprescribed. \r\n15-A. \r\n6\r\n[Pro-Vice Chancellor. – (1) The Chancellor shall nominate the Pro -Vice \r\nChancellor of the University, from amongst three senior most Professors of the \r\nUniversity, for a term of three years. \r\n (2) The Pro -Vice Chancellor shall perform such functions as may be \r\nassigned to him under this Ordinance, statutes or regulations. \r\n (3) The Syndicate or the Vice Chancellor may assign any other functions \r\nto the Pro-Vice Chancellor in addition to his duties as Professor.] \r\n16. Registrar.– The Registrar shall be a whole time officer of the University and \r\nshall be appointed by the Syndicate on such terms and conditions as ma y be \r\ndetermined by it. He shall– \r\n(a) be the custodian of the Common Se al and the academic records of the \r\nUniversity; \r\n(b) maintain a register of Registered Graduates in the prescribed manner; \r\n(c) conduct elections of members to the various authorities in the \r\nprescribed manner; and \r\n(d) perform such other duties as may be prescribed. \r\n17. Treasurer.– The Treasurer shall be a whole time officer of the University and \r\nshall be appointed by the Chancellor on such terms and conditions as the Chancellor \r\nmay determine. He shall–  \r\n(a) manage the property, the finances and the investments  of the \r\nUniversity; \r\n(b) prepare the annual and revised budget estimates of the University and \r\npresent them to the Finance and Planning Committee and the \r\nSyndicate; \r\n(c) ensure that the funds of the University are expended on the purposes \r\nfor which they are provided; and \r\n(d) perform such other duties as may be prescribed. \r\n18. Controller of Examinations.– The Controller of Examinations shall be a whole \r\ntime officer of the University and shall be appointed by the Syndicate on such terms \r\nand conditions as may be  determined by it. He shall be responsible for all matters \r\n                                                           \r\n6Inserted by the University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore (Amendment ) Act 2012 (LVIII of 2012)  ; and published in \r\nthe Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated 14.11.2012, pages1575-1577, s.5.  \r\nconnected with the conduct of examinations and perform such other duties as may be \r\nprescribed.  \r\n19. Auditor.– The Resident Auditor shall be taken from Government on \r\ndeputation. \r\n20.  Other officers. – Subject to the provisions of this Ordinance, the terms and \r\nconditions of service and powers and duties of other officers shall be such as may be \r\nprescribed. \r\n21. Authorities.– The following shall be the Authorities of the University namely:– \r\n(a) the Syndicate; \r\n(b) the Academic Council; \r\n(c) the Board of Faculties; \r\n(d) the Selection Board; \r\n(e) the Advanced Studies and Research Board; \r\n(f) the Finance and Planning Committee; \r\n(g) the Affiliation Committee; \r\n(h) the Discipline Committee; and \r\n(i) such other Authorities as may be prescribed by Statutes. \r\n22. Syndicate.– (1) The Syndicate shall consist of– \r\n(i) the Vice-Chancellor, who shall be its Chairman; \r\n(ia)  \r\n7\r\n[Pro-Vice Chancellor;] \r\n8\r\n[(ii) four senior scientists including at least two women to be nominated by \r\nthe Chancellor]; \r\n(iii) the Secretary to Government of the Punjab, Livestock and Dairy \r\nDevelopment Department or his nominee not below the rank of \r\nAdditional Secretary; \r\n(iv) \r\n9\r\n[one nominee of Higher Education Commission;] \r\n(v) one Dean to be nominated by the Chan cellor on the recommendation \r\nof the Vice Chancellor; \r\n(vi)       one Professor, one Associate Professor, one Assistant Professor and one \r\nsuch Lecturer as has completed a minimum of two years service in the \r\nUniversity to be nominated by the Vice Chancellor w ith the approval of the \r\nChancellor; \r\n                                                           \r\n7Inserted by the University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore (Amendment ) Act 2012 (LVIII of 2012)  ; and published in \r\nthe Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated 14.11.2012, pages1575-1577, s.6.  \r\n8The Punjab Fair Representation of Women Act 20 14 (IV of 2014); and published in the Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated \r\n12.3.2014, pages 2733-2744, s.2 and Schedule, at serial No.34. \r\n9Substituted by the University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore (Amendment ) Act 2012 (LVIII of 2012)  ; and published \r\nin the Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated 14.11.2012, pages1575-1577, s.6.  \r\n10[(vi-a) three members of Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, including at least \r\none female member of the Assembly, to be nominated by the Speaker \r\nof the Assembly;] \r\n(vii) three persons of eminence  \r\n11\r\n[including at least one  woman] from \r\namongst stakeholders including professionals from relevant disciplines \r\nof industry/trade to be nominated by the Chancellor; \r\n(viii) the Dean, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Agriculture, \r\nFaisalabad; \r\n(ix) \r\n12\r\n[One of the Principals of  the constituent colleges, institutions or \r\nschools to be nominated by the Vice Chancellor;] \r\n(x) the Secretary to Government of the Punjab, Forestry, Wildlife and \r\nFisheries Department or his representative not below the rank of \r\nAdditional Secretary;  \r\n(xi) the Secretary to Government of the Punjab, Finance Department or his \r\nrepresentative not below the rank of Additional Secretary; and \r\n(xii) the Secretary to Government of the Punjab, Agriculture Department or \r\nhis representative not below the rank of Additional Secretary. \r\n(2) Members of the Syndicate, other than ex -officio members, shall hold \r\noffice for three years. \r\n(3) The quorum for a meeting of the Syndicate shall be one third of the \r\ntotal number of members, a fraction being counted as one.  \r\n23. Powers and d uties of the Syndicate. – (1) The Syndicate shall be the \r\nexecutive body of the University and shall, subject to the provisions of this Ordinance \r\nand the Statutes, take effective measures to raise the standard of teaching, research \r\nand publication and other academic pursuits and exercise general supervision over \r\nthe affairs and management of the property of the University.  \r\n(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing powers, and subject \r\nto the provisions of this Ordinance and the Statutes, the Sy ndicate shall have the \r\npower to– \r\n(a) take effective measures to raise the standard of teaching, research and \r\npublication in the light of national needs; \r\n(b) hold control and administer the property and funds of the University; \r\n(c) govern and regulate, with due regard to the advice of the Finance and \r\nPlanning Committee in this behalf, the finances, accounts and \r\ninvestments of the University and for that purpose to appoint such agents \r\nas it may think fit;  \r\n                                                           \r\n10Added by the Universities and I nstitutes Laws (Amendment) Act 2025 (LXIII of 2025) ; and published in the Punjab Gazette \r\n(Extraordinary), dated 05.08.2025, pages 615-618, s.2 and Schedule, at serial 09. \r\n11The Punjab Fair Representation of Women Act 2014 (IV of 2014); and published in the Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated \r\n12.3.2014, pages 2733-2744, s.2 and Schedule, at serial No.34. \r\n12Substituted by the University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore (Amendment) Act 2012 (LVIII of 2012) ; and published \r\nin the Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated 14.11.2012, pages1575-1577, s.6.  \r\n(d) consider and pass the annual report, the annual statement of accounts, \r\nthe annual and revised budget estimates and to re -appropriate funds \r\nfrom one major head of expenditure to another; \r\n(e) transfer and accept transfer of movable or immovable property on \r\nbehalf of the University; \r\n(f) enter into, vary, ca rry out and cancel contracts on behalf of the \r\nUniversity; \r\n(g) cause proper books of account s to be kept for all sums of money \r\nreceived and expended by the University and for the assets and \r\nliabilities of the University; \r\n(h) invest any money belonging to th e University including any unapplied \r\nincome, in any of the securities described in section 20 of the Trusts \r\nAct, 1882 or in the purchase of immoveable property or in such other \r\nmanner, as it may determine, with the like power of varying such \r\ninvestments; \r\n(i) receive and manage any property transferred and grants, bequests, \r\ntrusts, gifts, donations, endowments and other contributions made to \r\nthe University;  \r\n(j) administer any funds placed at the disposal of the University for \r\nspecified purposes; \r\n(k) determine the form, provide for the custody and regulate the use of the \r\nCommon Seal of the University; \r\n(l) provide the buildings, libraries, premises, furniture, apparatus, \r\nequipment and other means required for carrying out the work of the \r\nUniversity; \r\n(m) establish and maintain halls of residence and hostels or approve or \r\nlicense hostels or lodgings for the residence of students; \r\n(n) affiliate and disaffiliate colleges; \r\n(o) admit educational institutions to the privileges of the University and \r\nwithdraw such privileges; \r\n(p) arrange for the inspections of colleges and the Teaching Departments; \r\n(q) institute Professorship s, Associate Professorship s, Assistant \r\nProfessorships, Lectureships and other teaching posts or to suspend or \r\nto abolish such posts; \r\n(r) create, suspend or abolish such administrative, research, extension or \r\nother posts, as may be necessary; \r\n(s) appoint University Teachers and other officers in the Basic Pay Scale \r\n17 and above on the recommendation of the Selection Board \r\nconstituted under the First Statute; \r\n(t) appoint Professor Emeritus on such terms and conditions as may be \r\nprescribed; \r\n(u) confer Honorary Degrees in accordance with the conditions prescribed; \r\n(v) prescribe the duties of officers, teachers and other employees of the \r\nUniversity; \r\n(w) suspend, punish and remove from service in the prescribed manner \r\nsuch officers, teachers and other employees as are appointed by the \r\nSyndicate; \r\n(x) report to the Chancellor on matters on which it has been asked to \r\nreport; \r\n(y) appoint members to the various Au thorities in accordance with the \r\nprovisions of this Ordinance; \r\n(z) approve Statutes and recommend the drafts of Statutes for approval of \r\nthe Chancellor; \r\n(aa) consider and deal, in the manner prescribed in sub -section (2) of \r\nsection 29, the Regulations made  by the Academic Council; provided \r\nthat the Syndicate may frame a Regulation at its own initiative and \r\napprove it after calling for the advice of the Academic Council; \r\n(bb) regulate, determine and administer all other matters concerning the \r\nUniversity and exercise all other powers in this behalf; \r\n(cc) delegate any of its powers to an Authority or officer or a committee or \r\nsubcommittee; and  \r\n(dd) perform such other functions as have been assigned to it by the other \r\nprovisions of this Ordinance or the Statutes. \r\n24. Academic Council.– (1) The Academic Council shall consist of– \r\n(i) the Vice Chancellor (Chairman); \r\n(ia)  \r\n13\r\n[Pro-Vice Chancellor;] \r\n(ii) the Deans of all Faculties; \r\n(iii) the Directors; \r\n(iv) the Chairmen of the Teaching Departments; \r\n(v) the Registrar; \r\n(vi) the Librarian; \r\n(vii) the Controller of Examinations; \r\n(viii) two Veterinary/Animal Science Scientists  \r\n14\r\n[including at least one \r\nfemale Scientist] to be nominated by the Chancellor; and  \r\n(ix) one nominee of the Pakistan Veterinary Medical Council. \r\n(2) Members appointed by nomination or election shall hold office for three \r\nyears. \r\n                                                           \r\n13Inserted by the University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore (Amendment ) Act 2012  (LVIII of 2012) ; and published in \r\nthe Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated 14.11.2012, pages1575-1577, s.7.  \r\n14The Punjab Fair Representation of Women Act 2014 (IV of 2014); and published in the Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated \r\n12.3.2014, pages 2733-2744, s.2 and Schedule, at serial No.34. \r\n(3) The quorum for a meeting of the Academic Council shall be one -third \r\nof the total number of members. \r\n25. Powers and duties of the Academic Council. – (1) The Academic Council \r\nshall be the academic body of the University and shall, subject to the provisions of \r\nthis Ordinance and the Statutes, have the power to lay down proper standards of \r\ninstruction, research, publications and examinations and to regulate and promote the \r\nacademic life of the University and the constituent colleges. \r\n(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing powers, and subject \r\nto the provisions of this Ordinance and the Statutes, the Academic Council shall \r\nhave the power to– \r\n(a) advise the Syndicate on academic matters; \r\n(b) regulate the conduct of teaching, research publication and \r\nexaminations; \r\n(c) regulate the admission of students to the courses of studies and \r\nexaminations in the University; \r\n(d) regulate the conduct and discipline of the students of the University; \r\n(e) propose to the Syndicate scheme for the constitution and organization \r\nof Faculties, Teaching Departments and Boards of Studies; \r\n(f) consider or formulate proposals for the planning and development of \r\nteaching and research in the University; \r\n(g) make Regulations, on the recommendations of the Boards of Faculties \r\nand the Boards of Studies prescribing the courses of studies, the \r\nsyllabi and the outlines of tests for all University examinations; provided \r\nthat if the recommendations of the B oard of a Faculty or a Board of \r\nStudies are not received by the prescribed date, the Academic Council \r\nmay, subject to the approval of the Syndicate, continue for the next \r\nyear the courses of studies already prescribed for an examination; \r\n(h) recognize the examinations of other Universities or examining bodies \r\nas equivalent to the corresponding examinations of the University; \r\n(i) regulate the award of studentships, scholarships, exhibitions, medals \r\nand prizes; \r\n(j) frame Regulations for submission to the Syndicate; \r\n(k) appoint members to the various Authorities in accordance with \r\nprovisions of this Ordinance; and  \r\n(l) perform such other functions as may be prescribed by the Statutes. \r\n26. Constitution, functions and powers of other Authorities. – The \r\nconstitution, functions and powers of the Authorities for which no specific provision \r\nhas been made in this Ordinance shall be such as may be prescribed by Statutes. \r\n27. Appointment of committees by certain Authorities. – The Syndicate, the \r\nAcademic Council and other Authorities may, from time to time, appoint such standing, \r\nspecial or advisory committees, as they may deem fit, and may nominate such \r\npersons on these committees as are not members of the Authorities appointing the \r\ncommittees. \r\n28. Statutes.– Subject to the provisions of this Ordinance, Statutes may be made to \r\nregulate or prescribe all or any of the following matters:– \r\n(a) the constitution of pension, insurance, gratuity, provident fund and \r\nbenevolent fund for University employees; \r\n(b) the scales of pay and  other terms and conditions of service of officers, \r\nteachers and other employees of the University; \r\n(c) the maintenance of the Register of Registered Graduates; \r\n(d) affiliation and disaffiliation of educational institutions and related \r\nmatters; \r\n(e) admission of educational institutions to the privileges of the University \r\nand the withdrawal of such privileges; \r\n(f) the conduct of elections for membership of the Authorities of the \r\nUniversity and related matters; \r\n(g) the establishment of faculties, institutes, colleges and other academic \r\ndivisions; \r\n(h) the powers and duties of officers and teachers; \r\n(i) conditions under which the University may enter into arrangements \r\nwith other institutions or with public bodies for purposes of research \r\nand advisory services; \r\n(j) conditions for appointment of Professors Emeritus and award of \r\nhonorary degrees; \r\n(k) efficiency and discipline of University employees; \r\n(l) the general schemes of studies including the duration of courses and \r\nthe number of subjects and papers for an examination; and \r\nm) all other matters which by this Ordinance are to be or may be \r\nprescribed or regulated by Statutes: \r\nProvided that– \r\n(i) the Syndicate shall not propose or approve draft of Statutes affecting \r\nthe constitution or powers of any Authority of the  University until such \r\nauthority has been given an opportunity of expressing an opinion in \r\nwriting upon the proposal; \r\n(ii) the draft of Statutes concerning any of the matters mentioned in \r\nclauses (a) and (b) of this section, shall be forwarded to the Chanc ellor \r\nand shall not be effective until it has been approved by the Chancellor; \r\nand  \r\n(iii) the Syndicate shall not have the power to make any Statutes \r\nconcerning efficiency and discipline of officers, teachers and other \r\nemployees of the University and such Statutes may be made by the \r\nChancellor. \r\n29. Regulations.– (1) Subject to the provisions of this Ordinance and the Statutes, \r\nRegulations may be made for all or any of the following matters:– \r\n(i) courses of study for degree, diplomas and certificates of the University; \r\n(ii) manner in which the recognized teaching referred to in sub -section (1) \r\nof section 8 shall be organized and conducted; \r\n(iii) admission of students to the University; \r\n(iv) conditions under which students shall be admitted to the courses and the \r\nexaminations of the University and shall become eligible for the award of \r\ndegrees, diploma and certificates;  \r\n(v) conduct of examinations; \r\n(vi) fees and other charges to be paid by students for admission to the \r\ncourses of study and the examinations of the University; \r\n(vii) conduct and discipline of students of the University; \r\n(viii) conditions of residence of the students of the University or the colleges, \r\nincluding the levying of fees for residence in halls of residence and \r\nhostels; \r\n(ix) approval and licensing of hostels and lodgings; \r\n(x) conditions under which a person shall carry on independent research \r\nto entitle him to a degree; \r\n(xi) institution of fellowships, scholarships, exhibitions, medals and prizes; \r\n(xii) institution of stipends and free and half free studentships; \r\n(xiii) academic costume; \r\n(xiv) use of the Library; \r\n(xv) formation of Teaching departments and Boards of Studies; and \r\n(xvi) all other matters which by this Ordinance and the Statutes are to be, or \r\nmay be, prescribed by Regulations. \r\n(2) The Regulations shall be prepared by the Academic Council and shall \r\nbe submitted to the Syndicate which may approve them or withhold approval or refer \r\nthem back to the Academic Council for reconsideration. A Regulation prepared by \r\nthe Academic Council s hall not be valid, unless it receives the approval of the \r\nSyndicate. \r\n30. Amendment and repeal of Statutes and Regulations. – The procedure for \r\nadding to, amending or repealing the Statutes and the Regulations shall be the same \r\nas that prescribed respectively for framing or making Statutes and Regulations.  \r\n31. Rules.– (1) The Authorities and the other Bodies of the University may make \r\nRules consistent with this Ordinance, the Statutes and the Regulations, to regulate \r\nthe conduct of their business and the tim e and place of meetings and related \r\nmatters: \r\nProvided that the Syndicate may direct the amendment or the annulment of \r\nany Rule made under this section by another Authority or body: \r\nProvided further that if any such Authority is dissatisfied with such direc tion \r\ngiven by the Syndicate, it may appeal to the Chancellor whose decision shall be \r\nfinal. \r\n(2) The Syndicate may make Rules to regulate any matter relating to the \r\naffairs of the University which by this Ordinance has not been specifically provided in \r\nthe Statutes or Regulations. \r\n32. Affiliation.– (1) An educational institution applying for affiliation to the \r\nUniversity shall make an application to the University and shall satisfy it that– \r\n(i) the educational institution is under the management of the Gover nment \r\nor of a regularly constituted governing body; \r\n(ii) the financial resources of the educational institution are sufficient to ensure \r\nits continued maintenance and efficient working; \r\n(iii) the strength and qualifications and the terms and conditions of service \r\nof the teaching and other staff of the educational institution are \r\nsatisfactory for the purpose of teaching of prescribed courses of \r\nstudies and training in the institution; \r\n(iv) the educational institution has framed proper rules governing the \r\nconduct and discipline of its employees; \r\n(v) the building in which the educational institution is to be located is \r\nsuitable, and that provisions will be made in conformity with the \r\nStatutes and the Regulations for– \r\n(a) the residence of students, not residing with their parents or \r\nguardians, in the hostel established and maintained by the \r\neducational institution, or in hostels or lodgings approved by it; \r\nand  \r\n(b) the supervision and physical and general welfare of students; \r\n(vi) provision has been made for a library and adequate library services; \r\n(vii) where affiliation is sought in any branch of experimental sciences, due \r\narrangements have been made for imparting instruction in that branch \r\nof science in a properly equipped laboratory, museum and other places \r\nof practical work; \r\n(viii) due provision will, so far as circumstances may permit, be made for the \r\nresidence of the Principal and members of the teaching staff in or near \r\nthe educational institution or the place provided for the residence of \r\nstudents; and  \r\n(ix) the affiliation of educational institution having regard to the provision \r\nwhich may have been made for students by another educational \r\ninstitution in its neighborhood will not be injurious to the interests of \r\neducation or discipline. \r\n (2) The applicatio n shall further contain an undertaking that after the \r\neducational institution is affiliated any transference of and changes in the management \r\nand in the teaching staff, save in the case of Government Colleges, shall be forthwith \r\nreported to the University, and that the teaching staff shall possess such qualifications as \r\nare or may be prescribed. \r\n (3) The procedure to be followed in disposing of an application for the affiliation \r\nof an educational institution shall be such as may be prescribed. \r\n (4) The Synd icate may, on the recommendation of the Affiliation \r\nCommittee, grant or refuse affiliation to an educational institution: \r\n Provided that affiliation shall not be refused, unless the educational institution \r\nhas been given an opportunity of making a represen tation against the proposed \r\ndecision. \r\n33. Additions of courses by affiliated educational institutions. – Where an \r\neducational institution desires to add to the course of instruction in respect of which it \r\nis affiliated, the procedure prescribed under sub-section (3) of section 32 shall, so far \r\nas may be, followed. \r\n34. Reports from affiliated educational institution. – (1) Every educational \r\ninstitution affiliated to the University shall furnish such reports, returns and other \r\ninformation as the University may require to enable it to judge the efficiency of the \r\neducational institution.  \r\n (2) The University may call upon any educational institution affiliated to it \r\nto take, within a specified period, such action as may appear to the University to be \r\nnecessary in respect of any of the matters referred to in sub -section (1) of section \r\n32.  \r\n35. Withdrawal of affiliation. – (1) If an educational institution affiliated to the \r\nUniversity fails at anytime to fulfil any of the requirements mentioned in this Ordinance, \r\nor if an institution has failed to observe any of the conditions of its affiliation, or its affairs \r\nare conducted in a manner which is prejudicial to the interests of education, the \r\nSyndicate may, on the recommendation of the Affiliation Committee, and after \r\nconsidering such representation as the educational institution may wish to make, \r\nwithdraw, either in whole or in part, the rights conferred on the educational institution by \r\naffiliation or modify such rights. \r\n (2) The procedure to be followed for the withdr awal of affiliation shall be \r\nsuch as may be prescribed. \r\n36. Appeal against refusal or withdrawal of affiliation.– An appeal shall lie to the \r\nChancellor against the decision of the Syndicate refusing to affiliate an institution, or \r\nwithdrawing in whole or i n part the rights conferred on an institution by affiliation, or \r\nmodifying such rights: \r\n Provided that no order under this section shall be passed without affording an \r\nopportunity of being heard to the institution to be affected thereby. \r\n37. University fund.– The University shall have a fund to which shall be credited \r\nits income from fees, donations, trusts, bequests, endowments, contributions, grants \r\nand all other sources. \r\n38. Recovery of University dues. – The University or any person generally or \r\nspecially authorized by it may apply to the Collector for recovery of any sum due to the \r\nUniversity under any bond and the Collector shall thereupon proceed to recover the sum \r\ndue, as arrears of land revenue: \r\n Provided that the University shall not take action unless the person concerned \r\nis given an opportunity of being heard. \r\n39. Audit and accounts.– (1) The accounts of the University shall be maintained \r\nin such form and in such manner as may be prescribed. \r\n (2) No expenditure shall be made from the funds of the University unless– \r\n(i) the expenditure is included in the approved budget of the University; \r\nand  \r\n(ii) a bill for its payment has been audited in conformity with the Statutes, \r\nthe Regulations and the Rules by the Auditor appointed by the \r\nGovernment. \r\n (3) The annual statement of the accounts of the University signed by the \r\nTreasurer and the Auditor, shall be submitted to the Government within six months of \r\nthe closing of the financial year. \r\n (4) The accounts of the University shall be audited once a year, in \r\nconformity with the Statutes, the Regulations and the Rules by the Auditor appointed \r\nby the Government for this purpose. \r\n (5) The observations of Government Auditor, together with such annotations \r\nas the Treasurer may make, shall be presented to the Syndicate. \r\n40. Retirement from service .– An officer \r\n15\r\n[other than the Chanc ellor, Pro -\r\nChancellor and Vice Chancellor], teacher or other employee of the University shall \r\nretire from service– \r\n(i) on such date, after he has completed twenty five years of service \r\nqualifying for pension or other retirement benefits , as the competent \r\nauthority may, in the public interest, direct, or \r\n(ii) where no direction is given under clause (i), on the completion of the \r\nsixtieth year of his age. \r\nExplanation.– In this section “ Competent Authority” means the appointing authority \r\nor a person duly authorized by the appointing authority in that behalf, not being a \r\nperson lower in rank to the officer, teacher or other employee concerned. \r\n41. Appeal and review.– Where an order is made punishing any officer, other than \r\nthe Vice - Chancellor, teacher or other employee of the University or altering or \r\ninterpreting to his disadvantage the prescribed terms or conditions of his service, he \r\nshall, where the order is made by the Vice-Chancellor or any other officer or teacher of \r\nthe University, have the right to appeal to the Syndicate, against the order, and where \r\nthe order is made by the Syndicate have the right to appeal to the Chancellor for review \r\nof that order. The application for review shall be submitted to the Vice- Chancellor and \r\nhe shall present it to the Chancellor with his views: \r\n Provided that no order under this section shall be passed unless an opportunity of \r\nbeing heard is afforded to the person to be affected thereby. \r\n                                                           \r\n15Inserted by the University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore (Amendment ) Act 2012 (LVIII of 2012)  ; and published in \r\nthe Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated 14.11.2012, pages1575-1577, s.8.  \r\n42. Pension,  insurance,  gratuity,  provident  fund and  benevolent  fund.– \r\n(1) The University shall constitute for the benefit of its officers, teachers and other \r\nemployees, in such manner and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed, \r\nsuch pension, insurance, gra tuity,  Provident  Fund and  Benevolent Fund schemes \r\nas it may deem fit. \r\n (2) Where any  provident  fund has been constituted under this Ordinance, \r\nthe provisions of the Provident Fund Act, 1925 (XIX of 1925) shall apply to such fund as \r\nif it were a Government Provident Fund. \r\n43. Transfer and posting.– (1) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained \r\nin any agreement or contract or in any other law for the time being in force, and subject \r\nto the provisions of this Ordinance, an officer, teacher or oth er employee, shall, if the \r\nChancellor so directs in the public interest, serve for such period as may be fixed or \r\nextended from time to time by the Chancellor, in any post in a Government Department \r\nor an educational or Research Institution set up or established by Government or any \r\nother University in the Province of the Punjab and on terms and conditions not less \r\nfavorable than those admissible to him in the University and with full benefits of his \r\nprevious service: \r\n Provided that in the case of a teacher , such a direction shall not be made \r\nwithout consulting the Syndicate. \r\n (2) The Chancellor may fill any post in the University, by appointing a \r\nperson in the service of Government, or an officer, teacher or other employee of any \r\nother University or educati onal or research institution set up or established by the \r\nGovernment or any other University in the Province of the Punjab: \r\n Provided that in the case of a teaching post in the University the appointment \r\nshall not be made without consulting the Selection Board of the University. \r\n44. Commencement of term of office of members of Authorities. – (1) When a \r\nmember of newly constituted Authority is elected, appointed or nominated, his term \r\nof office, as fixed under this Ordinance, shall commence from such date as may be \r\nprescribed. \r\n (2) Nothing in sub section (1) shall affect the provisions of section 46. \r\n45. Filling of casual vacancies in Authorities. – (1) Any casual vacancy among \r\nthe elected, appointed or nominated members of any Authority shall be filled as soon  \r\nas may be, by the person or persons or the body who elected, appointed or \r\nnominated the member whose place has become vacant and the person elected, \r\nappointed or nominated to the vacancy shall be a member of such authority for the \r\nresidue of the term for which the person whose place he fills would have been a \r\nmember. \r\n (2) Whenever there occurs a vacancy in the constitution of an Authority, as \r\nconstituted by this Ordinance, because of the abolition of a specified office under the \r\nGovernment, or because an O rganization, institution or other body outside the \r\nUniversity has been dissolved or has ceased to function, or because of some other \r\nsimilar reason, it shall be filled in such manner as the Chancellor may direct. \r\n46. Disputes about membership of Authority. – If a question arises whether or \r\nnot any person is entitled to be a member of any Authority, the matter shall be \r\nreferred to a Committee consisting of the Vice -chancellor, Secretary to Government \r\nof the Punjab, Livestock and Dairy Development Department, and Dean who is \r\nmember of the Syndicate and the decision of this Committee shall be final. \r\n47. Proceedings of Authorities not invalidated by vacancies. – No act, \r\nresolution or decision of any Authority shall be invalid by reason of any vacancy on \r\nthe Authority doing, passing, or making it or by the reason of want of qualification or \r\ninvalidity in the election, appointment or nomination of any de facto member of the \r\nAuthority, whether present or absent. \r\n48. First Statutes. – Notwithstanding anything to the con trary contained in this \r\nOrdinance, the Statutes, set out in the Schedule appended to this Ordinance shall be \r\ndeemed to be the Statutes framed under section 28 of this Ordinance and shall \r\ncontinue to remain in force until amended or repealed. \r\n49. Savings.– (1) Everything done, action taken, obligations or liabilities incurred, \r\nrights and assets acquired, persons appointed or authorized, jurisdiction or power \r\nconferred, endowments, bequests, funds or trusts created, donations or grants \r\nmade, scholarships, stu dentships, or exhibitions instituted, affiliations or privileges \r\ngranted and orders issued under any of the provisions of the Statutes, the University \r\nof Agriculture Faisalabad Act, 1973 (XII of 1973), the Regulations, and the Rules \r\nmade or deemed to have been made thereunder, shall, if not inconsistent with the \r\nprovisions of this Ordinance or the Statutes, the Regulations or the Rules made \r\nunder this Ordinance, be continued and, so far as may be, be deemed to have been \r\nrespectively done, taken, incurred, a cquired, appointed authorized, conferred, \r\ncreated, made, instituted, granted and issued under this Ordinance, and any \r\ndocument referring to any of the provisions of this Ordinance, the Statutes, the said \r\nAct, the Regulations and the Rules first referred to , shall, so far as may be, be \r\nconsidered to refer to the corresponding provisions of this Ordinance or the Statutes, \r\nRegulations and the Rules made under this Ordinance. \r\n (2) Statutes, Regulations or Rules made or deemed to have been made, if \r\nnot inconsist ent with provisions of this Ordinance, be deemed to be Statutes, \r\nRegulations or Rules made under this Ordinance having regard to the various \r\nmatters which by this Ordinance have to be regulated or prescribed by Statutes, \r\nRegulations or Rules respectively a nd shall continue to be in force until they are \r\nrepealed, rescinded or modified in accordance with the provisions of this Ordinance.  \r\n50. Transitory Provisions. – A Chancellor’s Committee shall be constituted by \r\nthe Chancellor on the recommendation of the Vice Chancellor to exercise the powers \r\nassigned to the Syndicate under this Ordinance till such time the Syndicate is \r\nconstituted in accordance with the provisions of this Ordinance. \r\n51. Removal of difficulties. – If any difficulty arises as to the first con stitution of \r\nany Authority after the commencement of this Ordinance, the Chancellor may, on the \r\nrecommendations of the Vice-Chancellor, give appropriate directions to remove such \r\ndifficulty. \r\nSCHEDULE \r\nTHE FIRST STATUTES \r\n(SEE SECTION 48) \r\n1. Faculties.– (1) The University shall include the following Faculties, \r\nDirectorates and Institute:– \r\n(i) Faculty of Animal Production and Technology; \r\n(ii) Faculty of Veterinary Science; \r\n(iii) Faculty of Fisheries and Wildlife; \r\n(iv) Faculty of Livestock Business Management; \r\n(v) Faculty of Bio-Sciences; \r\n(vi) Directorate of Advanced Studies; \r\n(vii) Directorate of Research; and \r\n(viii) Institute of Continuing Education and Extension. \r\n (2) There shall be a Board of each Faculty which shall consist of– \r\n(i) the Dean to be appointed in the manner prescribed in sub-paragraph (2) \r\nof paragraph 2; \r\n(ii) the Professor s and the Chairman of the Teaching Department \r\ncomprised in the Faculty; \r\n(iii) two members of each Board of Studies, comprised in the Faculty, to be \r\nnominated by the Board of Studies concerned; \r\n(iv) three teachers to be nominated by the Academic Council by reason of \r\ntheir specialized knowledge of the subjects, which though not assigned \r\nto the Faculty, have, in the opinion of the Academic Council, important \r\nbearing on the subjects assigned to the Faculty; and \r\n(v) one representative each from younger teachers namely Associate \r\nProfessors, Assistant Professors and Lecturers to be nominated by the \r\nDean. \r\n (3) The members mentioned in clauses (iii) and (iv) of sub -paragraph (2) \r\nshall hold office for three years. \r\n (4) The quorum for a meeting of the Board of a Faculty shall be one -half of \r\nthe total number of members, a fraction being counted as one. \r\n (5) The Board of each Faculty shall, subject to the general control of the \r\nAcademic Council and the Syndicate, have the powers to– \r\n(i) co-ordinate the teaching, publication and research work in the subjects \r\nassigned to the Faculty; \r\n(ii) scrutinize the recommendations of the Boards of Studies comprised in the \r\nFaculty in regard to the appointment of paper setters and examiners, \r\nexcept for research examinations and to forward the panels of suitable \r\npaper setters and examiners for each examination to the Vice-Chancellor; \r\n(iii) consider any other academic matter relating to the Faculty and to \r\nreport thereon to the Academic Council; and \r\n(iv) perform such other functions as may be prescribed by Statutes. \r\n2. Dean.– (1) There shall be a Dean of each Faculty who shall be the \r\nChairperson and Convenor of the Board of Faculty. \r\n (2) The Dean of each Faculty sha ll be appointed by the Chancellor from \r\namongst the three senior most Professors in the Faculty for a period of three years \r\nand shall be eligible for re-appointment. \r\n (3) The Dean shall present candidates for admission to degrees except \r\nHonorary Degrees, in the courses falling within the purview of the Faculty. \r\n (4) The Dean shall exercise such administrative and academic powers as \r\nmay be delegated to him. \r\n3. Teaching Departments and Chairman. – (1) There shall be a Teaching \r\nDepartment for each subject or a g roup of subjects, as may be prescribed by the \r\nRegulations and each Teaching Department shall be headed by a Chairman. \r\n(2)(i) The Director of a Division shall be appointed by the Syndicate on the \r\nrecommendation of the Vice -Chancellor from amongst the \r\nProfessors/Associate Professors in the University for a period of three \r\nyears and shall be eligible for re-appointment. \r\n(ii) The Chairman of a Teaching Department of a Faculty or a Division shall \r\nbe appointed by the Syndicate on the recommendation of a Vice \r\nChancellor from amongst the three senior most Professors or the \r\nTeaching Department of the Faculty of the Division, as the case may be, \r\nfor a period of three years and shall be eligible for re-appointment: \r\n Provided that in a Teaching Department or a Division where there are less \r\nthan three Professors the appointment shall be made from amongst the three senior \r\nmost Professors and Associate Professors in the Department: \r\n Provided further that in a Teaching Department of a Faculty or a Division in \r\nwhich there is no Professor or Associate Professor, no such appointment shall be \r\nmade and in such a case the Teaching Department shall be looked after by the Dean \r\nof the Faculty or the Director of the Division, as the case may be, with the assistance \r\nof the senior most teacher of the Department. \r\n (3) The Chairman of Department shall plan, organize and supervise the \r\nwork of the Department and shall be responsible to the Dean for work of his \r\nDepartment.  \r\n (4) The Principal of the College shall be appointed by the Syndicate,  on \r\nthe recommendations of the Vice Chancellor from amongst the Professors of the \r\nCollege for a period of three years and shall be eligible for re-appointment. \r\n4. Board of Studies. – (1) There shall be a separate Board of Studies for each \r\nsubject, as may be prescribed by Regulations. \r\n (2) Each Board of Studies shall consist of– \r\n(i) all the teachers of the Department concerned; and \r\n(ii) one expert to be appointed by the Dean. \r\n (3) The term of office of members of the Board of Studies, other than ex -\r\nofficio members, shall be three years. \r\n (4) The quorum for meetings of the Board of Studies shall be one -half of \r\nthe number of members, a fraction being counted as one. \r\n (5) The Chairman of the University Teaching Department concerned shall \r\nbe the Chairman and Conve ner of the Board of Studies. Where in respect of a \r\nsubject there is no University Teaching Department, the Chairman shall be \r\nappointed by the Syndicate. \r\n (6) The functions of the Board of Studies shall be to– \r\n(i) advise the Authorities on all academic matt ers connected with \r\ninstruction, publication, research and examination in the subjects \r\nconcerned; \r\n(ii) propose curricula and syllabi for all degree, diploma and certificate \r\ncourses in the subjects concerned; \r\n(iii) suggest a panel of names of paper setters a nd examiners in the \r\nsubjects concerned; and \r\n(iv) perform such other functions as may be prescribed by Regulations. \r\n5. Advanced Studies and Research Board. – (1) The Advanced Studies and \r\nResearch Board shall consist of– \r\n(i) the Vice-Chancellor (Chairman); \r\n(ii) the Deans; \r\n(iii) three University Professors other than Deans to be appointed by the \r\nSyndicate; \r\n(iv) three University teachers having research qualifications and \r\nexperience to be appointed by the Academic Council; \r\n(v) five experts from other sister inst itutions to be nominated by the \r\nSyndicate/Chancellor’s Committee; and \r\n(vi) Principal of the College. \r\n (2) The term of office of members of the Advanced Studies and Research \r\nBoard, other than ex-officio members, shall be three years. \r\n (3) The quorum for a m eeting of the Advanced Studies and Research \r\nBoard shall be one -half of the total number of members, a fraction being counted as \r\none. \r\n (4) The functions of the Advanced Studies and Research Board shall be \r\nto– \r\n(i) advise the Authorities on all matters connec ted with the promotion of \r\nAdvanced Studies and Research in the University; \r\n(ii) consider and report to the Authorities on the institution of research \r\ndegrees in the University; \r\n(iii) propose Regulations regarding the award of research degrees; \r\n(iv) appoint supervisors for research studies and to determine the subjects \r\nof their thesis; \r\n(v) recommend panels of names of paper setters and examiners for \r\nresearch examinations after considering the proposals of the Board of \r\nStudies in this behalf; and \r\n(vi) perform such other functions as may be prescribed by Statutes. \r\n6. Selection Board.– (1) The Selection Board shall consist of–  \r\n(i) the Vice-Chancellor (Chairman); \r\n(ii) the Chairman or a member of the Punjab Public Service Commission \r\nto be nominated by the Chairman; \r\n(iii) the Dean of the Faculty concerned or Director of the Division or \r\nPrincipal of the College, as the case may be; \r\n(iv) the Chairman of the Teaching Department concerned; and \r\n(v) one member of the Syndicate and two other members of eminence to \r\nbe appo inted by the Syndicate; provided that none of the three are \r\nemployees of the University. \r\n (2) The members mentioned in clause (v) of sub paragraph (1) shall hold \r\noffice for three years. \r\n (3) The quorum of Selection Board in case of selection of a Professor  or \r\nAssociate Professor and other teachers shall be four and three respectively. In case \r\nof officers, other than teachers, the Selection Board shall consist only of members \r\nmentioned at (i), (ii) and (v) of sub-paragraph (1) and the quorum shall be three. \r\n (4) No member who is a candidate for the post to which appointment is to \r\nbe made shall take part in the proceedings of the Board. Similarly a Dean of a \r\nFaculty or a Chairman of a Department below the rank of the post to which \r\nappointment is to be made sha ll not take part in the proceedings of the Selection \r\nBoard. \r\n (5) In selecting candidates for the posts of Professors and Associate \r\nProfessors, the Selection Board shall co -opt or consult three experts in the subject \r\nconcerned and in selecting candidates fo r other teaching posts, two experts in the \r\nsubject concerned, to be nominated by the Vice -Chancellor from a standing list of \r\nexperts for each subject approved by the Syndicate on the recommendation of the \r\nSelection Board and revised from time to time. \r\n7. Functions of the Selection Board. – (1) The Selection Board for teaching \r\nand other posts shall consider the applications received in response to \r\nadvertisement and recommend to the Syndicate the names of suitable candidates for \r\nappointment to teaching or othe r posts, as the case  may be, and may also \r\nrecommend– \r\n(i) the grant of a higher initial pay in a suitable case for reasons to be \r\nrecorded; or \r\n(ii) the appointment of an eminently qualified person to a Professorship in \r\nthe University on terms and conditions other than those prescribed. \r\n (2) The Selection Board may in the cases of leave vacancy, tenure posts \r\nand posts other than teaching posts, without advertising them, recommend suitable \r\ncandidates from amongst the University employees to the Syndicate for approval.  \r\n (3) In the event of an unresolved difference of opinion between the \r\nSelection Board and the Syndicate, the matter shall be referred to the Chancellor \r\nwhose decision shall be final.  \r\n8. Finance and Planning Committee. – (1) The Finance and Plan ning \r\nCommittee shall consist of– \r\n(i) the Vice-Chancellor (Chairman); \r\n(ii) one Dean to be nominated by the Chancellor on the recommendation \r\nof the Vice Chancellor; \r\n(iii) one member of the Syndicate to be appointed by the Syndicate; \r\n(iv) two members of the Acade mic Council to be appointed by the \r\nAcademic Council; \r\n(v) two nominees of the Chancellor, one each from Livestock & Dairy \r\nDevelopment Department and Finance Department; \r\n(vi) the Treasurer; and \r\n(vii) the Registrar. \r\n (2) The term of office of the appointed members shall be three years. \r\n (3) The quorum for a meeting of the Finance and Planning Committee \r\nshall be three members. \r\n9. Functions of Finance and Planning Committee. – The functions of Finance \r\nand Planning Committee shall be to– \r\n(a) consider the annual st atement of accounts and the annual and revised \r\nbudget estimates and advise the Syndicate thereon; \r\n(b) review periodically the financial position of the University; \r\n(c) advise the Syndicate on all matters relating to planning, development, \r\nfinances, investments and accounts of the University; and \r\n(d) perform such other functions as may be prescribed by Statutes. \r\n10. Affiliation Committee.– (1) The Affiliation Committee shall consist of– \r\n(i) a Chairman to be nominated by the Syndicate; \r\n(ii) two Professors to be nominated by the Academic Council; and \r\n(iii) the Executive District Officer (Education), Lahore. \r\n (2) The term of office of the members of the Committee, other than ex -\r\nofficio members, shall be two years. \r\n (3) The Affiliation Committee may co -opt not more than three experts who \r\nshall be counted for the quorum of an inspection by the Affiliation Committee. \r\n (4) The quorum for a meeting of, or an inspection by, the Affiliation \r\nCommittee shall be three. \r\n (5) An officer of the University to be designated by the Vice-Chancellor for \r\nthis purpose shall act as the Secretary of the Committee. \r\n (6) The functions of the Affiliation Committee shall be to– \r\n(i) inspect the educational institution seeking affiliation with or admission \r\nto the privileges of the University  and to advise the Academic Council \r\nthereon; \r\n(ii) inquire into complaints alleging breach of conditions of affiliation by \r\naffiliated colleges and to advise the Academic Council thereon; and \r\n(iii) perform such other functions as may be prescribed by the Regulations. \r\n11. Discipline Committee.– (1) The Discipline Committee shall consist of− \r\n(i) a Chairman to be nominated by the Vice-Chancellor; \r\n(ii) two Professors to be nominated by the Academic Council; \r\n(iii) one member to be nominated by the Syndicate; \r\n(iv) Principal of the College; \r\n(v) the Teacher or Officer incharge of students’ affairs by whatever name \r\ncalled (Member/Secretary); and \r\n(vi) the Senior Tutor. \r\n (2) The term of office of the members of the Committee, other than ex -\r\nofficio members, shall be two years. \r\n (3) The quorum for a meeting o f Discipline Committee shall be four \r\nmembers. \r\n (4) The functions of the Discipline Committee shall be to– \r\n(i) propose Regulations to the Academic Council relating to the conduct of \r\nUniversity students, maintenance of discipline and breach of discipline; \r\nand \r\n(ii) perform such other functions as may be prescribed by Regulations.",
  "passage_offset_convention": "zero-based Unicode code points and UTF8 bytes; end exclusive",
  "passages": [
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-0-1796:ae048fbcd3be03ad60880c8e6a5922ea8231611e5c6e35439d46fba68f9a83b4",
      "character_start": 0,
      "character_end": 1796,
      "utf8_byte_start": 0,
      "utf8_byte_end": 1796,
      "passage_sha256": "ae048fbcd3be03ad60880c8e6a5922ea8231611e5c6e35439d46fba68f9a83b4",
      "reader_fragment": "p-0-1796-ae048fbcd3be03ad"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-1796-3583:428b065e6a81090719ff2bd1da7bf9568af0c19eb607d56f10180b7772a803ac",
      "character_start": 1796,
      "character_end": 3583,
      "utf8_byte_start": 1796,
      "utf8_byte_end": 3591,
      "passage_sha256": "428b065e6a81090719ff2bd1da7bf9568af0c19eb607d56f10180b7772a803ac",
      "reader_fragment": "p-1796-3583-428b065e6a810907"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-3583-5362:88b1b9ced14fa7153b10f81f62aa7c9bc36d7ac0b36d9604db1c8b96c9b7b0c2",
      "character_start": 3583,
      "character_end": 5362,
      "utf8_byte_start": 3591,
      "utf8_byte_end": 5436,
      "passage_sha256": "88b1b9ced14fa7153b10f81f62aa7c9bc36d7ac0b36d9604db1c8b96c9b7b0c2",
      "reader_fragment": "p-3583-5362-88b1b9ced14fa715"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-5362-7129:c9b2bbeec538071659dc6c14310f8d04804ac3b9ded512d7c912094e8413f89e",
      "character_start": 5362,
      "character_end": 7129,
      "utf8_byte_start": 5436,
      "utf8_byte_end": 7253,
      "passage_sha256": "c9b2bbeec538071659dc6c14310f8d04804ac3b9ded512d7c912094e8413f89e",
      "reader_fragment": "p-5362-7129-c9b2bbeec5380716"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-7129-8917:192b1bb3ca00fd9601162fb247aaf2243a0b60285c4b580ce98bc44bab7a56f3",
      "character_start": 7129,
      "character_end": 8917,
      "utf8_byte_start": 7253,
      "utf8_byte_end": 9047,
      "passage_sha256": "192b1bb3ca00fd9601162fb247aaf2243a0b60285c4b580ce98bc44bab7a56f3",
      "reader_fragment": "p-7129-8917-192b1bb3ca00fd96"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-8917-10710:a91caa7c4551dc14575c21cc8313da2a165d16a8dec40a77b91c61502c5e9a12",
      "character_start": 8917,
      "character_end": 10710,
      "utf8_byte_start": 9047,
      "utf8_byte_end": 10840,
      "passage_sha256": "a91caa7c4551dc14575c21cc8313da2a165d16a8dec40a77b91c61502c5e9a12",
      "reader_fragment": "p-8917-10710-a91caa7c4551dc14"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-10710-12476:9759d21e86a15812a4e37b6832850d783861f924797c3ed7d96e46e8a27eddee",
      "character_start": 10710,
      "character_end": 12476,
      "utf8_byte_start": 10840,
      "utf8_byte_end": 12608,
      "passage_sha256": "9759d21e86a15812a4e37b6832850d783861f924797c3ed7d96e46e8a27eddee",
      "reader_fragment": "p-10710-12476-9759d21e86a15812"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-12476-14200:f4344a3249ddf87e96cdd93b90d825f53472fb4776b8a9b4d0c6c5e6c604120e",
      "character_start": 12476,
      "character_end": 14200,
      "utf8_byte_start": 12608,
      "utf8_byte_end": 14336,
      "passage_sha256": "f4344a3249ddf87e96cdd93b90d825f53472fb4776b8a9b4d0c6c5e6c604120e",
      "reader_fragment": "p-12476-14200-f4344a3249ddf87e"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-14200-15995:dd760da1362a6bdb406ee4ca777724c5f77fdfd34a1d5943315912f19d559b3d",
      "character_start": 14200,
      "character_end": 15995,
      "utf8_byte_start": 14336,
      "utf8_byte_end": 16135,
      "passage_sha256": "dd760da1362a6bdb406ee4ca777724c5f77fdfd34a1d5943315912f19d559b3d",
      "reader_fragment": "p-14200-15995-dd760da1362a6bdb"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-15995-17768:4b996b4774b02e29819661fbc8f63d43f0e9ff2f237b978529db2ece7aa13c6d",
      "character_start": 15995,
      "character_end": 17768,
      "utf8_byte_start": 16135,
      "utf8_byte_end": 17916,
      "passage_sha256": "4b996b4774b02e29819661fbc8f63d43f0e9ff2f237b978529db2ece7aa13c6d",
      "reader_fragment": "p-15995-17768-4b996b4774b02e29"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-17768-19505:97b47b1c0c386e585634de6823a56e783dadb7a308b56837b0e1a20adbac0a31",
      "character_start": 17768,
      "character_end": 19505,
      "utf8_byte_start": 17916,
      "utf8_byte_end": 19659,
      "passage_sha256": "97b47b1c0c386e585634de6823a56e783dadb7a308b56837b0e1a20adbac0a31",
      "reader_fragment": "p-17768-19505-97b47b1c0c386e58"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-19505-21277:d9af40d72e36ff38db2437d328e72d79175d23e6e9a2687700e4c3659c4abb52",
      "character_start": 19505,
      "character_end": 21277,
      "utf8_byte_start": 19659,
      "utf8_byte_end": 21435,
      "passage_sha256": "d9af40d72e36ff38db2437d328e72d79175d23e6e9a2687700e4c3659c4abb52",
      "reader_fragment": "p-19505-21277-d9af40d72e36ff38"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-21277-23075:d16320bd8a83f16d9997c5bcfd7e6f193fb2974f29b31048508faa213144c58e",
      "character_start": 21277,
      "character_end": 23075,
      "utf8_byte_start": 21435,
      "utf8_byte_end": 23235,
      "passage_sha256": "d16320bd8a83f16d9997c5bcfd7e6f193fb2974f29b31048508faa213144c58e",
      "reader_fragment": "p-21277-23075-d16320bd8a83f16d"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-23075-24855:3444b1835d8b21be88b20bbab7e9daf5d0a234391cee9a751c22ff05b445d6bc",
      "character_start": 23075,
      "character_end": 24855,
      "utf8_byte_start": 23235,
      "utf8_byte_end": 25017,
      "passage_sha256": "3444b1835d8b21be88b20bbab7e9daf5d0a234391cee9a751c22ff05b445d6bc",
      "reader_fragment": "p-23075-24855-3444b1835d8b21be"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-24855-26585:bbddf66c320a414c0f4007cd386101acdee2649fa4190c9100312b503b387dbc",
      "character_start": 24855,
      "character_end": 26585,
      "utf8_byte_start": 25017,
      "utf8_byte_end": 26749,
      "passage_sha256": "bbddf66c320a414c0f4007cd386101acdee2649fa4190c9100312b503b387dbc",
      "reader_fragment": "p-24855-26585-bbddf66c320a414c"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-26585-28340:c69aee8ee2998c8deabbca8b9d61c5f246c4df536225beea522f0d0d98d6227a",
      "character_start": 26585,
      "character_end": 28340,
      "utf8_byte_start": 26749,
      "utf8_byte_end": 28516,
      "passage_sha256": "c69aee8ee2998c8deabbca8b9d61c5f246c4df536225beea522f0d0d98d6227a",
      "reader_fragment": "p-26585-28340-c69aee8ee2998c8d"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-28340-30122:7f1fd25e7c53e09b034b5359aca52c2f6809fcd5cb10122efd5f2c2cabf64ddf",
      "character_start": 28340,
      "character_end": 30122,
      "utf8_byte_start": 28516,
      "utf8_byte_end": 30310,
      "passage_sha256": "7f1fd25e7c53e09b034b5359aca52c2f6809fcd5cb10122efd5f2c2cabf64ddf",
      "reader_fragment": "p-28340-30122-7f1fd25e7c53e09b"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-30122-31879:dc527170083d8b250135a929a5846caff5f0ca14abc26c8165c230a305d61273",
      "character_start": 30122,
      "character_end": 31879,
      "utf8_byte_start": 30310,
      "utf8_byte_end": 32067,
      "passage_sha256": "dc527170083d8b250135a929a5846caff5f0ca14abc26c8165c230a305d61273",
      "reader_fragment": "p-30122-31879-dc527170083d8b25"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-31879-33613:209a15f9fcfb5c2dfb6440ec291cd1b5b81ac7da804e34a1f9e1b880677f7fe0",
      "character_start": 31879,
      "character_end": 33613,
      "utf8_byte_start": 32067,
      "utf8_byte_end": 33805,
      "passage_sha256": "209a15f9fcfb5c2dfb6440ec291cd1b5b81ac7da804e34a1f9e1b880677f7fe0",
      "reader_fragment": "p-31879-33613-209a15f9fcfb5c2d"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-33613-35389:c178e99dc775afafbff348b85d652dda4eb3ae845cf5b98ba97100d1764992b3",
      "character_start": 33613,
      "character_end": 35389,
      "utf8_byte_start": 33805,
      "utf8_byte_end": 35581,
      "passage_sha256": "c178e99dc775afafbff348b85d652dda4eb3ae845cf5b98ba97100d1764992b3",
      "reader_fragment": "p-33613-35389-c178e99dc775afaf"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-35389-37172:433b6376550837ebf30c04584ea66baa21dcc4a7a2495abaf49edc894247b597",
      "character_start": 35389,
      "character_end": 37172,
      "utf8_byte_start": 35581,
      "utf8_byte_end": 37364,
      "passage_sha256": "433b6376550837ebf30c04584ea66baa21dcc4a7a2495abaf49edc894247b597",
      "reader_fragment": "p-35389-37172-433b6376550837eb"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-37172-38968:9682b765f85e7f225eb1aa88972c1483231cd04ce99bb36cbca2155e848d8001",
      "character_start": 37172,
      "character_end": 38968,
      "utf8_byte_start": 37364,
      "utf8_byte_end": 39166,
      "passage_sha256": "9682b765f85e7f225eb1aa88972c1483231cd04ce99bb36cbca2155e848d8001",
      "reader_fragment": "p-37172-38968-9682b765f85e7f22"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-38968-40765:130dbf1ceb20db2413ad316466cf7248cabf5af597e8b32c57d28cfab1d54f5b",
      "character_start": 38968,
      "character_end": 40765,
      "utf8_byte_start": 39166,
      "utf8_byte_end": 40965,
      "passage_sha256": "130dbf1ceb20db2413ad316466cf7248cabf5af597e8b32c57d28cfab1d54f5b",
      "reader_fragment": "p-38968-40765-130dbf1ceb20db24"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-40765-42507:61aa42c2ea824eb2d2cebb8c8507ddfe9da0bcf9649df3b8612a50329d18ecdc",
      "character_start": 40765,
      "character_end": 42507,
      "utf8_byte_start": 40965,
      "utf8_byte_end": 42715,
      "passage_sha256": "61aa42c2ea824eb2d2cebb8c8507ddfe9da0bcf9649df3b8612a50329d18ecdc",
      "reader_fragment": "p-40765-42507-61aa42c2ea824eb2"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-42507-44250:f441e99ab20fe24fb61f102801869e05dffefdccf3d1e73f0e6b6fc6c0f12a44",
      "character_start": 42507,
      "character_end": 44250,
      "utf8_byte_start": 42715,
      "utf8_byte_end": 44464,
      "passage_sha256": "f441e99ab20fe24fb61f102801869e05dffefdccf3d1e73f0e6b6fc6c0f12a44",
      "reader_fragment": "p-42507-44250-f441e99ab20fe24f"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-44250-46003:5e1749cb4cc6d23b41094627d15d73658333c2c952e961ec383710988ae779f6",
      "character_start": 44250,
      "character_end": 46003,
      "utf8_byte_start": 44464,
      "utf8_byte_end": 46221,
      "passage_sha256": "5e1749cb4cc6d23b41094627d15d73658333c2c952e961ec383710988ae779f6",
      "reader_fragment": "p-44250-46003-5e1749cb4cc6d23b"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-46003-47771:6f8fb0a483b0c18baa2f1b0f69a2fd5aa7faf563086cea8acfb2dbb25effeca8",
      "character_start": 46003,
      "character_end": 47771,
      "utf8_byte_start": 46221,
      "utf8_byte_end": 47995,
      "passage_sha256": "6f8fb0a483b0c18baa2f1b0f69a2fd5aa7faf563086cea8acfb2dbb25effeca8",
      "reader_fragment": "p-46003-47771-6f8fb0a483b0c18b"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-47771-49513:479e95091e81ceebe808a0a0952fd1caaf0feef3ed209401766cbdc3200cdad0",
      "character_start": 47771,
      "character_end": 49513,
      "utf8_byte_start": 47995,
      "utf8_byte_end": 49739,
      "passage_sha256": "479e95091e81ceebe808a0a0952fd1caaf0feef3ed209401766cbdc3200cdad0",
      "reader_fragment": "p-47771-49513-479e95091e81ceeb"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-49513-51310:517119be285bf8e60d5cec87b2abcb9dd7ce6d897de9bdb495a4ce646a688e49",
      "character_start": 49513,
      "character_end": 51310,
      "utf8_byte_start": 49739,
      "utf8_byte_end": 51542,
      "passage_sha256": "517119be285bf8e60d5cec87b2abcb9dd7ce6d897de9bdb495a4ce646a688e49",
      "reader_fragment": "p-49513-51310-517119be285bf8e6"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-51310-53099:b816e2f3b31d8b528b6beb6cfb27979b946405176390b787cd1a334a42c42d9b",
      "character_start": 51310,
      "character_end": 53099,
      "utf8_byte_start": 51542,
      "utf8_byte_end": 53339,
      "passage_sha256": "b816e2f3b31d8b528b6beb6cfb27979b946405176390b787cd1a334a42c42d9b",
      "reader_fragment": "p-51310-53099-b816e2f3b31d8b52"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-53099-54857:78b377a823eb39c1cd6bbcc06be23779a4ea50978cd1484e880912b978ac5fd0",
      "character_start": 53099,
      "character_end": 54857,
      "utf8_byte_start": 53339,
      "utf8_byte_end": 55109,
      "passage_sha256": "78b377a823eb39c1cd6bbcc06be23779a4ea50978cd1484e880912b978ac5fd0",
      "reader_fragment": "p-53099-54857-78b377a823eb39c1"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-54857-56593:f1b56381a96442d3f8292c070f89d260c55fe57997e4d898c2644ef83f2f91d8",
      "character_start": 54857,
      "character_end": 56593,
      "utf8_byte_start": 55109,
      "utf8_byte_end": 56849,
      "passage_sha256": "f1b56381a96442d3f8292c070f89d260c55fe57997e4d898c2644ef83f2f91d8",
      "reader_fragment": "p-54857-56593-f1b56381a96442d3"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-56593-58320:41e164803068b582afc454d5e1e112b018435622eb57507a8df11feba5fe013d",
      "character_start": 56593,
      "character_end": 58320,
      "utf8_byte_start": 56849,
      "utf8_byte_end": 58582,
      "passage_sha256": "41e164803068b582afc454d5e1e112b018435622eb57507a8df11feba5fe013d",
      "reader_fragment": "p-56593-58320-41e164803068b582"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-58320-60082:2e6dd5dd0abcabeebee2dc87298529255423ffb3eb8a05392c74ac2c7011c071",
      "character_start": 58320,
      "character_end": 60082,
      "utf8_byte_start": 58582,
      "utf8_byte_end": 60350,
      "passage_sha256": "2e6dd5dd0abcabeebee2dc87298529255423ffb3eb8a05392c74ac2c7011c071",
      "reader_fragment": "p-58320-60082-2e6dd5dd0abcabee"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-60082-61846:f9122b3fe1bf4b335051d9ecf976bf4698bd776e7fcb01454e4abfc74f50b405",
      "character_start": 60082,
      "character_end": 61846,
      "utf8_byte_start": 60350,
      "utf8_byte_end": 62124,
      "passage_sha256": "f9122b3fe1bf4b335051d9ecf976bf4698bd776e7fcb01454e4abfc74f50b405",
      "reader_fragment": "p-60082-61846-f9122b3fe1bf4b33"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-61846-63590:ee5488709a11f3f2f765966d87705df2e9459da97a445a01185f5d48a32c891d",
      "character_start": 61846,
      "character_end": 63590,
      "utf8_byte_start": 62124,
      "utf8_byte_end": 63872,
      "passage_sha256": "ee5488709a11f3f2f765966d87705df2e9459da97a445a01185f5d48a32c891d",
      "reader_fragment": "p-61846-63590-ee5488709a11f3f2"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-63590-65365:cc8a436e8a60e4ed7f5a5d824136acc5663bd6df3e2ca95340945c3642c3c607",
      "character_start": 63590,
      "character_end": 65365,
      "utf8_byte_start": 63872,
      "utf8_byte_end": 65651,
      "passage_sha256": "cc8a436e8a60e4ed7f5a5d824136acc5663bd6df3e2ca95340945c3642c3c607",
      "reader_fragment": "p-63590-65365-cc8a436e8a60e4ed"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-65365-67133:aef1d66952260843424a22e0835d8993d818bfeb5d1d4ee4d8e1d2ebec7cf2e9",
      "character_start": 65365,
      "character_end": 67133,
      "utf8_byte_start": 65651,
      "utf8_byte_end": 67425,
      "passage_sha256": "aef1d66952260843424a22e0835d8993d818bfeb5d1d4ee4d8e1d2ebec7cf2e9",
      "reader_fragment": "p-65365-67133-aef1d66952260843"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-67133-68868:e4bc0d0aaaa0b50ca2ff403ba395ccfe91030d67787487d4418cb73dc567846d",
      "character_start": 67133,
      "character_end": 68868,
      "utf8_byte_start": 67425,
      "utf8_byte_end": 69168,
      "passage_sha256": "e4bc0d0aaaa0b50ca2ff403ba395ccfe91030d67787487d4418cb73dc567846d",
      "reader_fragment": "p-67133-68868-e4bc0d0aaaa0b50c"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-68868-70616:30c3d3f608ef9f6b25b2043deaac03b0b57fe7c7f2fa37c66b5746b995bce5c4",
      "character_start": 68868,
      "character_end": 70616,
      "utf8_byte_start": 69168,
      "utf8_byte_end": 70920,
      "passage_sha256": "30c3d3f608ef9f6b25b2043deaac03b0b57fe7c7f2fa37c66b5746b995bce5c4",
      "reader_fragment": "p-68868-70616-30c3d3f608ef9f6b"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-70616-72389:386f1bdbfcb6055d307f21f3a994ea6dfbee71aa6d58591ba2456c604453d74a",
      "character_start": 70616,
      "character_end": 72389,
      "utf8_byte_start": 70920,
      "utf8_byte_end": 72701,
      "passage_sha256": "386f1bdbfcb6055d307f21f3a994ea6dfbee71aa6d58591ba2456c604453d74a",
      "reader_fragment": "p-70616-72389-386f1bdbfcb6055d"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-72389-74151:09af4ffc929e0298125460bbd7bc573ff573d26285dfd607461ba42e7041b431",
      "character_start": 72389,
      "character_end": 74151,
      "utf8_byte_start": 72701,
      "utf8_byte_end": 74473,
      "passage_sha256": "09af4ffc929e0298125460bbd7bc573ff573d26285dfd607461ba42e7041b431",
      "reader_fragment": "p-72389-74151-09af4ffc929e0298"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-5f9de67e76655f45:sha256:90dadc03b3ef41cdb8e1a30485de117af99f5ed680a44710f879d2faaf3eae34:chars-74151-75200:f82609044bd35abed3a651919322c75e3c301fa9bf8df782c764b4e90d17dea1",
      "character_start": 74151,
      "character_end": 75200,
      "utf8_byte_start": 74473,
      "utf8_byte_end": 75530,
      "passage_sha256": "f82609044bd35abed3a651919322c75e3c301fa9bf8df782c764b4e90d17dea1",
      "reader_fragment": "p-74151-75200-f82609044bd35abe"
    }
  ]
}