{
  "schema_version": "qanun-law-text/1",
  "id": "punjab-code-8e2e6d76cec350a5",
  "title": "GIFT UNIVERSITY GUJRANWALA ACT, 2004",
  "source_collection": "Punjab",
  "content_kind": "stored_law_text",
  "content_extent": null,
  "source_url": "https://punjabcode.punjab.gov.pk/en/show_article/BDFQZFZoWm8-",
  "version": null,
  "source_snapshot": "2026-08-06T16:34:35Z",
  "legal_status": "not independently verified",
  "text_quality": "Complete stored UTF-8 TXT file recovered byte-for-byte from owned Drive. Source transcription retained verbatim; legal completeness, OCR accuracy and current consolidation unverified.",
  "text_sha256": "104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd",
  "source_sha256": "104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd",
  "text_version_id": "law:punjab-code-8e2e6d76cec350a5:sha256:104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd",
  "quality_flags": [],
  "encoding": "UTF-8",
  "text": "THE GIFT UNIVERSITY, GUJRANWALA ACT, 2004 \r\n(XIV of 2004) \r\nCONTENTS \r\n1. Short title and commencement \r\n2. Definitions \r\n3. Establishment of the University \r\n4. Functions and powers of the University \r\n5. Jurisdiction \r\n6. Patron \r\n7. Inspection and inquiry \r\n8. Rector \r\n9. Appointments \r\n10. University fund \r\n11. Budget, audit and accounts \r\n12. Authorities of the University \r\n13. Board of Governors \r\n14. Powers and duties of the Board \r\n15. Business of the Board \r\n16. Delegation of powers \r\n17. Academic Council \r\n18. Powers and duties of Academic Council \r\n19. Statutes \r\n20. First Statutes \r\n21. Regulations \r\n22. Removal of difficulties \r\n \r\nSCHEDULE \r\n1. Faculties \r\n2. Board of Faculty \r\n3. Academic Departments and Heads of the Departments \r\n4. Board of Advanced Studies and Research \r\n5. Functions of the Board of Advanced Studies and Research \r\n6. Selection Board \r\n7. Functions of the Selection Board \r\n8. Finance and Planning Committee \r\n9. Functions of the Finance and Planning Committee \r\nTEXT \r\n1\r\nTHE GIFT UNIVERSITY, GUJRANWALA ACT, 2004 \r\n(XIV of 2004) \r\n[12th June, 2004] \r\nAn \r\nAct \r\nto provide for the establishment of the GIFT University, Gujranwala. \r\nPreamble.– Whereas it is expedient to provide for the establishment of the GIFT \r\nUniversity, Gujranwala in the private sector and matters connected therewith and \r\nancillary thereto; \r\nIt is hereby enacted as follows:– \r\n1. Short title and commencement .– (1) This Act may be called the GIFT \r\nUniversity, Gujranwala Act, 2004. \r\n(2) It shall come into force at once. \r\n2. Definitions.– In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or \r\ncontext– \r\n(a) Academic Council” means the Academic Council of the University; \r\n(b) “Authority” means any of the Authorities of the University specified in \r\nsection 12; \r\n(c) “Board” means the Board of Governors; \r\n(d) “Chairperson of Department” means the Head of a teaching \r\ndepartment; \r\n(e) “Company” means the GIFT Educational (Private) Limited registered \r\nunder the Companies Ordinance, 1984 (XLVII of 1984); \r\n(f) “Dean” means the Chairman of the Board of a Faculty; \r\n(g) “Faculty” means a faculty of the University; \r\n(h) “Government” means the Government of the Punjab; \r\n(i) “Patron” means the Patron of the University; \r\n(j) “Rector” means the Rector of the University; \r\n(k) “Registrar” means the Registrar of the University; \r\n(l) “Statutes”, “Regulations” and “Rules” mean respectively the Statutes, \r\nthe Regulations and the Rules made or deemed to have been made \r\nunder this Act; and \r\n(m) “University” means the GIFT University, Gujranwala constituted under \r\nthis Act. \r\n                                                 \r\n1This Act was passed by the Punjab Assembly on 27 May 2004; assented to by the Governor of the Punjab on 7 June 2004; \r\nand, was published in the Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated 12 June 2004, pages 1515-1521. \r\n3. Establishment of the University .– (1) There shall be established a \r\nUniversity to be call ed the GIFT University, Gujranwala in the private sector with its \r\ncampus located at Gujranwala. \r\n(2) The University shall be a body corporate having perpetual succession \r\nand a common seal with power to acquire, hold and dispose of property and shall, by \r\nthe said name, sue and be sued. \r\n4. Functions and powers of the University .– The functions and powers of the \r\nUniversity shall be– \r\n(a) to provide for instruction and training in– \r\n(i) Computer Sciences, Business & Commerce, Management \r\nSciences, Arts and Social S ciences, Accounting and Finance, \r\nFine Arts, Design and Architecture; and \r\n(ii) such other branches of learning as the Board may determine \r\nwith the approval of the Patron given on the recommendation of \r\na committee constituted by the Education Department: \r\nProvided that in case of medical and engineering education, approval of the \r\nPakistan Medical & Dental Council and Pakistan Engineering Council respectively \r\nshall be a pre-requisite; \r\n(b) to provide for research, demonstration and other services, and for the \r\nadvancement and dissemination of knowledge; \r\n(c) to hold examinations in a manner as may be determined by the \r\nGovernment and confer on or award degrees, diplomas, certificates \r\nand other academic distinctions to persons who have passed its \r\nexaminations; \r\n(d) to select and promote Faculties; \r\n(e) to prescribe courses of studies; \r\n(f) to establish and support other facilities for education, training and \r\nresearch; and \r\n(g) to decide teaching methods and strategies in order to ensure the most \r\neffective educational and training programs. \r\n5. Jurisdiction.– (1) The jurisdiction of the University shall be restricted to the \r\nProvince of the Punjab. \r\n(2) The University shall not open any sub -campus or affiliate any other \r\neducational institution for a period of ten years from th e commencement of this Act \r\nafter which period it may have sub-campuses with the approval of the Patron. \r\n6. Patron.– (1) The Governor of the Punjab shall be the Patron of the University. \r\n(2) The Patron or his nominee shall preside at the convocations of the  \r\nUniversity. \r\n(3) Every proposal to confer an honorary degree shall be subject to \r\nconfirmation by the Patron. \r\n(4) The Patron shall have the power to assent to the Statutes submitted to \r\nhim by the Board or refer them back to the Board for reconsideration. \r\n7. Inspection and inquiry.– (1) The Patron may cause an inspection or inquiry \r\nto be made in respect of any matter connected with the affairs of the University. \r\n(2) The Patron shall communicate to the Board his views with regard to the \r\nresult of the inspection or inquiry and shall, after ascertaining the views of the Board, \r\nadvise the Board on the action to be taken by it. \r\n(3) The Board shall, within such time as may be specified by the Patron, \r\ncommunicate to him such action as has been taken as a result of th e inspection or \r\ninquiry. \r\n(4) Where the Board does not, within the time specified, take action to the \r\nsatisfaction of the Patron, the Patron may issue such directions as he thinks fit and the \r\nBoard shall comply with all such directions. \r\n(5) The Patron may, on the recommendation of a committee constituted by \r\nhim and comprising a nominee of the Board, a Judge of the Lahore High Court to be \r\nnominated by the Chief Justice of the said Court and a Professor Emeritus or Vice \r\nChancellor, take appropriate action agai nst the University by appointing an \r\nadministrator who shall exercise the powers of the Board to run the affairs of the \r\nUniversity till such time as may be specified: \r\nProvided that no action under sub -section (5) shall be taken unless the \r\nChairman of the Board is afforded an opportunity of being heard. \r\n(6) The Government may make Rules to give effect to the provisions of sub-\r\nsection (5). \r\n(7) The Patron shall have the authority to annul any decision or action of \r\nthe Board, which he thinks was taken against th e interest of academic excellence, \r\nreligious and cultural ideology and national integrity. \r\n8. Rector.– (1) The Rector shall be appointed by the Government who shall be \r\nan eminent scholar of national  repute, on such terms and conditions as may be \r\ndetermined on the recommendations of the Board. \r\n(2) The Rector shall perform such functions as are assigned to him by the \r\nBoard. \r\n9. Appointments.– The University may appoint such persons in its services as \r\nmay be necessary on such terms and conditions as may be dete rmined by the \r\nBoard. \r\n10. University fund.– There shall be a fund to be known as the GIFT University, \r\nGujranwala Fund which shall vest in the University and to which shall be credited all \r\nsums received by the University. \r\n11. Budget, audit and accounts .– The budget of the University shall be \r\napproved and its accounts shall be maintained and audited in such manner as may \r\nbe prescribed by the Board. \r\n12. Authorities of the University.– The following shall be the Authorities of the \r\nUniversity:– \r\n(a) the Board of Governors; \r\n(b) the Academic Council; \r\n(c) the Boards of Faculties; \r\n(d) the Board of Advanced Studies and Research; \r\n(e) the Selection Board; \r\n(f) the Finance and Planning Committee; and \r\n(g) such other Authorities as may be prescribed by the Statutes and the \r\nRegulations. \r\n13. Board of Governors .– (1) The Board of Governors of the University shall \r\nconsist of the following:– \r\n(i) the Chairman of the Company; \r\n(ii) members of the Board of Directors of the Company subject to a \r\nmaximum of eight members; \r\n(iii) the Chairman, Higher Education Commission or his nominee not below \r\nthe rank of a Director; \r\n(iv) a Vice Chancellor of a public sector University in the Punjab nominated \r\nby the Patron; \r\n(v) the Rector; and \r\n(vi) Secretary to Government of the Punjab, Education Departmen t or his \r\nnominee not below the rank of Additional Secretary. \r\n(2) The Chairman of the Company shall be the Chairman of the Board. \r\n(3) The quorum for a meeting of the Board shall be one half of the total \r\nnumber of members, a fraction being counted as one; pr ovided that at least two \r\nmembers shall be official members. \r\n14. Powers and duties of the Board .– (1) The administration and management \r\nof the affairs of the University shall vest in the Board. \r\n(2) The Board shall forward the draft of Statutes to the Patron for approval. \r\n15. Business of the Board.– (1) The meetings and business of the Board shall be \r\nconducted in such manner and in accordance with such procedure as may be \r\nprescribed in the Regulations and until these matters are prescribed, as may be \r\ndetermined by the Board. \r\n(2) No Statute, Regulation or proceeding of the Board shall be invalid by \r\nreason of any vacancy or defect in the constitution of the Board. \r\n16. Delegation of powers .– The Board may delegate to any person or a \r\ncommittee any of its powers, duties or functions. \r\n17. Academic Council.– (1) The Academic Council shall consist of– \r\n(i) the Rector (Chairman); \r\n(ii) all the Deans; \r\n(iii) all the Heads of the Departments/Institutes; \r\n(iv) all Professors and Associate Professors of the University; \r\n(v) nominee of the Secretary Education not below the rank of Deputy \r\nSecretary; \r\n(vi) two Associate Professors, two Assistant Professors and two Lecturers \r\nto be nominated by the Board; \r\n(vii) three persons eminent in the fields of arts and sciences of whom at \r\nleast one shall be from each category, to be nominated by the Board; \r\n(viii) Director Academic, Higher Education Commission; and \r\n(ix) the Registrar (Member/Secretary). \r\n(2) Members appointed by nomination shall hold office for three years. \r\n(3) The quorum for a meeting of the Academic Council shall be one half of \r\nthe total number of members, a fraction being counted as one. \r\n18. Powers and duties of Academic Council .– (1) The Academic Council shall \r\nbe the academic body of the University and shall, by the Statutes, hav e the powers \r\nto lay down proper standards of instruction, research, publication and examination \r\nand to regulate and promote the academic life of the University. \r\n(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing powers and subject \r\nto the provisions o f this Act and the Statutes, the Academic Council shall have the \r\npowers to– \r\n(a) advise the Board on academic matters; \r\n(b) regulate the conduct of teaching, research and publication; \r\n(c) regulate the admission of students to the courses of studies and \r\nexaminations in the University; \r\n(d) regulate the conduct and discipline of the students of the University; \r\n(e) propose to the Board, scheme for the constitution and organization of \r\nFaculties and teaching departments; \r\n(f) consider or formulate proposals for the planning and development of \r\nteaching and research in the University; \r\n(g) make Regulations prescribing the courses of studies, the syllabi and the \r\noutlines of tests for all University examinations subject to approval of the \r\nBoard; \r\n(h) regulate the award of studentships, scholarships, exhibitions, medals \r\nand prizes; \r\n(i) frame Regulations for submission to the Board; \r\n(j) appoint or nominate members to the various Authorities in accordance \r\nwith the provisions of this Act; and  \r\n(k) perform such other functions as may be prescribed by the Statutes. \r\n19. Statutes.– Subject to the provisions of sub -section (6) of section 7 and \r\nsection 21, Statutes may be made to provide for and to regulate any matter relevant \r\nto the University. \r\n20. First Statutes.– Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Act, \r\nthe Statutes set out in the Schedule appended to this Act shall be deemed to be the \r\nStatutes framed under section 19 of this Act and shall continue to remain in force until \r\namended or repealed. \r\n21. Regulations.– The Board may, by notification, make Regulations for the \r\nadministration and management of the affairs of the University. \r\n22. Removal of difficulties.– If any difficulty arises in giving effect to any of the \r\nprovisions of this Act, the Board may, with the approval of the Government, give such \r\ndirections, not inconsistent with the said provisions, as it may consider necessary for the \r\nremoval of such difficulty. \r\nSCHEDULE \r\n(See section 19) \r\nTHE FIRST STATUTES OF \r\nTHE GIFT UNIVERSITY, GUJRANWALA \r\n1. Faculties.– There shall be a faculty for a teaching department or a group of \r\nteaching departments. The University shall include the following faculties and such \r\nother faculties as may be prescribed:– \r\n(a) Faculty of Computer Sciences; \r\n(b) Faculty of Business & Commerce; \r\n(c) Faculty of Management Sciences; \r\n(d) Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences;  \r\n(e) Faculty of Accounting & Finance; and \r\n(f) Faculty of Fine Arts, Design and Architecture. \r\n2. Board of Faculty .– (1) There shall be a Board of each Faculty which shall \r\nconsist of– \r\n(a) the Dean of the Faculty; \r\n(b) the Professors and the heads of the teaching departments in the \r\nFaculty; \r\n(c) one member other than Professors and head of each teaching \r\ndepartment to be nominated by the Head of Department; \r\n(d) two teachers to be nominate d by the Academic Council by reason of \r\ntheir specialized knowledge of the subjects which, though not assigned \r\nto the Faculty, have in the opinion of the Academic Council, important \r\nbearing on the subjects assigned to the Faculty; \r\n(e) two experts in the fie ld from outside the University to be appointed by \r\nthe Board of Governors; and \r\n(f) one member to be nominated by the Rector. \r\n(2) The members other than ex -officio members shall hold office for a \r\nperiod of three years. \r\n(3) The quorum for a meeting of the Board of a Faculty shall be one half of \r\nthe total number of members, a fraction being counted as one. \r\n(4) The Board of each Faculty shall, subject to the general control of the \r\nAcademic Council and the Board, have the powers to– \r\n(i) co-ordinate the teaching and research work in the subjects assigned to \r\nthe Faculty; \r\n(ii) scrutinize the recommendations of the Boards of Studies comprising the \r\nFaculty with regard to the appointment of paper-setters and examiners for \r\nGraduate and Postgraduate examinations and to fo rward the panels of \r\nsuitable paper-setters and examiners for each examination to the Rector; \r\n(iii) consider any other academic matter relating to the Faculty and to \r\nsubmit its report to the Academic Council; \r\n(iv) prepare a comprehensive annual report regar ding the performance of \r\neach department comprising the Faculty for presentation to the Academic \r\nCouncil; and \r\n(v) perform such other functions as may be prescribed by the Statutes. \r\n(5) There shall be a Dean of each Faculty who shall be the Chairman and \r\nConvener of the Board of Faculty. \r\n(6) The Dean shall be appointed by the Board from amongst the three \r\nsenior most Professors of the Faculty on the recommendation of the Rector and shall \r\nhold office for a period of three years and shall be eligible for reappointment. \r\n(7) The Dean shall present candidates for admission to degree, except \r\nhonorary degrees, courses falling within the purview of the Faculty. \r\n(8) The Dean shall have such powers and duties as may be prescribed by \r\nthe Board on the recommendations of the Rector. \r\n3. Academic Departments and Heads of the Departments.– (1) There shall be \r\nan Academic Department for each subject or a group of subjects, as may be \r\nprescribed by the Regulations and each Academic Department shall be headed by a \r\nHead of Department. \r\n(2) The Head of an Academic Department shall be appointed by the Board \r\non the recommendations of the Rector from amongst three senior most Professors, \r\nother than a Professor already working as Dean, for a period of three years and shall \r\nbe eligible for re-appointment; provided that in a department where there are less than \r\nthree eligible Professors, the appointment shall be made from amongst the three \r\nsenior most Professors and Associate Professors of the Department. \r\n(3) The Head of the Department shall pl an, organize and supervise the \r\nwork of the department and shall be responsible to the Dean for the work of his \r\ndepartment. \r\n(4) The Head of the Department shall, under the general supervision of the \r\nRector and the Dean, exercise all administrative, financia l and academic powers and \r\nsuch other duties or powers as may be delegated to him. \r\n(5) The heads of the departments shall prepare a comprehensive annual \r\nreport regarding the performance of department at the Graduate and Postgraduate \r\nlevels, Faculty research and development and submit this report to the Dean of the \r\nFaculty for his evaluation. \r\n4. Board of Advanced Studies and Research .– (1) The Board of Advanced \r\nStudies and Research shall consist of– \r\n(a) the Rector (Chairman); \r\n(b) all the Deans; \r\n(c) one University Professor from each Faculty other than Dean to be \r\nappointed by the Board; \r\n(d) one member to be nominated by the Rector; \r\n(e) three members from the relevant field, research organizations and \r\nGovernment departments, to be nominated by the Board; and \r\n(f) the Registrar (Secretary). \r\n(2) The term of office of the members of the Board of Advanced Studies and \r\nResearch, other than ex-officio members, shall be three years. \r\n(3) The quorum for a meeting of the Board of Advanced Studies and \r\nResearch shall be one half of the total number of members, a fraction being counted \r\nas one. \r\n5. Functions of the Board of Advanced Studies and Research.– The functions \r\nof the Board of Advanced Studies and Research shall be to– \r\n(a) advise the Authorities on all matters connected wi th the promotion of \r\nadvanced studies and research publication in the University; \r\n(b) consider and report to the Authorities of research degrees in the \r\nUniversity; \r\n(c) propose Regulations regarding the award of research degrees; \r\n(d) appoint supervisors for Postgraduate research students and to approve \r\ntitles and synopsis of their thesis/dissertations; \r\n(e) recommend panels of names of examiners for evaluation of their other \r\nresearch examinations; and \r\n(f) perform such other functions as may be prescribed by the Statutes. \r\n6. Selection Board.– (1) The Selection Board shall consist of– \r\n(a) the Rector (Chairman); \r\n(b) the Dean of the Faculty concerned; \r\n(c) the Head of the Academic Department concerned; \r\n(d) one member of the Board of Governors to be nominated by the Board; \r\n(e) one eminent scholar to be nominated by the Board of Directors of the \r\nCompany; and \r\n(f) one expert in the subject to be nominated by the Secretary to \r\nGovernment of the Punjab, Education Department. \r\n(2) The Registrar shall be the Secretary of the Selection Board. \r\n(3) The members other than ex -officio members shall hold office for a \r\nperiod of three years. \r\n(4) The quorum for a meeting of the Selection Board shall be four. \r\n(5) No member who is a candidate for the posts to which appointment is to \r\nbe made shall take part in the proceedings of the Selection Board. \r\n(6) In selection of candidates for the posts of Professors and Associate \r\nProfessors, the Selection Board shall co -opt or consult three experts in the subject \r\nconcerned and in selecting candidates  for other teaching posts, two experts in the \r\nsubject concerned, to be nominated by the Rector from a standing list of experts for \r\neach subject approved by the Board on the recommendation of the Selection Board \r\nand revised from time to time. \r\n7. Functions o f the Selection Board .– The functions of the Selection Board \r\nshall be to– \r\n(a) consider the applications and recommend to the Board of Governors \r\nthe names of suitable candidates for appointment to teaching and other \r\nposts, as the case may be, and recommend suitable salary for the \r\ncandidate concerned; and \r\n(b) consider all cases of promotion or selection of officers of the University \r\nand recommend the names of suitable candidates for such promotion \r\nor selection to the Board. \r\n8. Finance and Planning Committee .– (1) The Finance and Planning \r\nCommittee shall consist of– \r\n(a) the Rector (Chairman); \r\n(b) all the Deans; \r\n(c) one member of the Board to be nominated by the Board; \r\n(d) one member of the Academic Council to be nominated by the \r\nAcademic Council; \r\n(e) one representative each from Education Department and Finance \r\nDepartment of the Government of the Punjab not below the rank of \r\nDeputy Secretary; \r\n(f) Director Planning, Higher Education Commission; \r\n(g) the Registrar; and \r\n(h) one nominee of the Board of Directors of the Company. \r\n(2) The term of office of the nominated members shall be three years. \r\n(3) The quorum for a meeting of the Finance and Planning Committee \r\nshall be five. \r\n9. Functions of the Finance and Planning Committee .– The functions of the \r\nFinance and Planning Committee shall be to– \r\n(a) prepare the annual statement of accounts and propose annual budget \r\nestimates and advise the Board thereon; \r\n(b) review periodically the financial position of the University; \r\n(c) advise the Board on all matters relating to finan ce, investments and \r\naccounts of the University; and \r\n(d) perform such other functions as may be prescribed by the Statutes.",
  "passage_offset_convention": "zero-based Unicode code points and UTF8 bytes; end exclusive",
  "passages": [
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-8e2e6d76cec350a5:sha256:104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd:chars-0-1796:f7c6a29c1df5b830f729b551b8ea69548e923d5469fa9abce08791c9bbe8b815",
      "character_start": 0,
      "character_end": 1796,
      "utf8_byte_start": 0,
      "utf8_byte_end": 1812,
      "passage_sha256": "f7c6a29c1df5b830f729b551b8ea69548e923d5469fa9abce08791c9bbe8b815",
      "reader_fragment": "p-0-1796-f7c6a29c1df5b830"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-8e2e6d76cec350a5:sha256:104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd:chars-1796-3562:11bb7edf655ca25ceef31897465003e2300dad4457986e471ba1788809ff857a",
      "character_start": 1796,
      "character_end": 3562,
      "utf8_byte_start": 1812,
      "utf8_byte_end": 3638,
      "passage_sha256": "11bb7edf655ca25ceef31897465003e2300dad4457986e471ba1788809ff857a",
      "reader_fragment": "p-1796-3562-11bb7edf655ca25c"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-8e2e6d76cec350a5:sha256:104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd:chars-3562-5312:1a195b14e68788eb2b27bc5bc793726db33ca92d4559dc408139dee56d77431f",
      "character_start": 3562,
      "character_end": 5312,
      "utf8_byte_start": 3638,
      "utf8_byte_end": 5392,
      "passage_sha256": "1a195b14e68788eb2b27bc5bc793726db33ca92d4559dc408139dee56d77431f",
      "reader_fragment": "p-3562-5312-1a195b14e68788eb"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-8e2e6d76cec350a5:sha256:104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd:chars-5312-7065:675070675e2dfb9a4afcaa8ec9c0fdd123f8dff2db765afb64042721096b41cd",
      "character_start": 5312,
      "character_end": 7065,
      "utf8_byte_start": 5392,
      "utf8_byte_end": 7147,
      "passage_sha256": "675070675e2dfb9a4afcaa8ec9c0fdd123f8dff2db765afb64042721096b41cd",
      "reader_fragment": "p-5312-7065-675070675e2dfb9a"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-8e2e6d76cec350a5:sha256:104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd:chars-7065-8850:f29d4887b6ffb812884d157858ae50633f62e55600431b272a062ee8c61e1971",
      "character_start": 7065,
      "character_end": 8850,
      "utf8_byte_start": 7147,
      "utf8_byte_end": 8948,
      "passage_sha256": "f29d4887b6ffb812884d157858ae50633f62e55600431b272a062ee8c61e1971",
      "reader_fragment": "p-7065-8850-f29d4887b6ffb812"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-8e2e6d76cec350a5:sha256:104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd:chars-8850-10598:86ccea83c65404d967848507211a15e71fefb6140481102b94e21618ae184e26",
      "character_start": 8850,
      "character_end": 10598,
      "utf8_byte_start": 8948,
      "utf8_byte_end": 10706,
      "passage_sha256": "86ccea83c65404d967848507211a15e71fefb6140481102b94e21618ae184e26",
      "reader_fragment": "p-8850-10598-86ccea83c65404d9"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-8e2e6d76cec350a5:sha256:104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd:chars-10598-12326:62a6ee9a5c5386d4464e6f0ac1835d91f2cbbb163a1953b6acfb00b5553270e3",
      "character_start": 10598,
      "character_end": 12326,
      "utf8_byte_start": 10706,
      "utf8_byte_end": 12438,
      "passage_sha256": "62a6ee9a5c5386d4464e6f0ac1835d91f2cbbb163a1953b6acfb00b5553270e3",
      "reader_fragment": "p-10598-12326-62a6ee9a5c5386d4"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-8e2e6d76cec350a5:sha256:104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd:chars-12326-14117:cece66d23fce818221b7c941cfb75e33236ce2ea50abf788baa34f768f27e392",
      "character_start": 12326,
      "character_end": 14117,
      "utf8_byte_start": 12438,
      "utf8_byte_end": 14245,
      "passage_sha256": "cece66d23fce818221b7c941cfb75e33236ce2ea50abf788baa34f768f27e392",
      "reader_fragment": "p-12326-14117-cece66d23fce8182"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-8e2e6d76cec350a5:sha256:104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd:chars-14117-15843:e212079f34820a9497c76ff6346f5a65f71bce0cb8031c9dd9e4b2b0d82f8b3f",
      "character_start": 14117,
      "character_end": 15843,
      "utf8_byte_start": 14245,
      "utf8_byte_end": 15973,
      "passage_sha256": "e212079f34820a9497c76ff6346f5a65f71bce0cb8031c9dd9e4b2b0d82f8b3f",
      "reader_fragment": "p-14117-15843-e212079f34820a94"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-8e2e6d76cec350a5:sha256:104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd:chars-15843-17563:ae264172104d2510e707b472f7029a1e6b87830a745f10dc360823f4dce31b66",
      "character_start": 15843,
      "character_end": 17563,
      "utf8_byte_start": 15973,
      "utf8_byte_end": 17695,
      "passage_sha256": "ae264172104d2510e707b472f7029a1e6b87830a745f10dc360823f4dce31b66",
      "reader_fragment": "p-15843-17563-ae264172104d2510"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-8e2e6d76cec350a5:sha256:104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd:chars-17563-19330:17f4a1d1833d4de3de8bf9a4c9d60d7d08d15fee11dfb237b1c754361abe8030",
      "character_start": 17563,
      "character_end": 19330,
      "utf8_byte_start": 17695,
      "utf8_byte_end": 19474,
      "passage_sha256": "17f4a1d1833d4de3de8bf9a4c9d60d7d08d15fee11dfb237b1c754361abe8030",
      "reader_fragment": "p-17563-19330-17f4a1d1833d4de3"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-8e2e6d76cec350a5:sha256:104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd:chars-19330-21103:c5fb10a089e3e7c10641282751f4821dbf101ed065c8d9c3e96bbdf42bfaf85b",
      "character_start": 19330,
      "character_end": 21103,
      "utf8_byte_start": 19474,
      "utf8_byte_end": 21255,
      "passage_sha256": "c5fb10a089e3e7c10641282751f4821dbf101ed065c8d9c3e96bbdf42bfaf85b",
      "reader_fragment": "p-19330-21103-c5fb10a089e3e7c1"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-8e2e6d76cec350a5:sha256:104255c515c2d506afe9f484c081db7507bb52c43176a7ffa130ae7f1b040bbd:chars-21103-22235:55f2215dbafa2c55173e1a2e4d67b109e311deea210810526534c7cbc24c66c8",
      "character_start": 21103,
      "character_end": 22235,
      "utf8_byte_start": 21255,
      "utf8_byte_end": 22391,
      "passage_sha256": "55f2215dbafa2c55173e1a2e4d67b109e311deea210810526534c7cbc24c66c8",
      "reader_fragment": "p-21103-22235-55f2215dbafa2c55"
    }
  ]
}