{
  "schema_version": "qanun-law-text/1",
  "id": "punjab-code-ad8c03b01560aadd",
  "title": "PUNJAB SPATIAL PLANNING AUTHORITY ACT 2025",
  "source_collection": "Punjab",
  "content_kind": "stored_law_text",
  "content_extent": null,
  "source_url": "https://punjabcode.punjab.gov.pk/en/show_article/XW1XYAIzVW0BYw--",
  "version": null,
  "source_snapshot": "2026-08-06T17:00:48Z",
  "legal_status": "not independently verified",
  "text_quality": "Complete stored UTF-8 TXT file recovered byte-for-byte from owned Drive. Source transcription retained verbatim; legal completeness, OCR accuracy and current consolidation unverified.",
  "text_sha256": "ee0c5b4e10d012fca847ac4ba65cdaf19b7b22584bb35796086179d6b7275563",
  "source_sha256": "ee0c5b4e10d012fca847ac4ba65cdaf19b7b22584bb35796086179d6b7275563",
  "text_version_id": "law:punjab-code-ad8c03b01560aadd:sha256:ee0c5b4e10d012fca847ac4ba65cdaf19b7b22584bb35796086179d6b7275563",
  "quality_flags": [],
  "encoding": "UTF-8",
  "text": "PUNJAB SPATIAL PLANNING AUTHORITY ACT 2025  \r\n(XXII of 2025) \r\nCONTENTS \r\n1. Short title, extent and commencement. \r\n2. Definitions. \r\n3. Establishment of Authority. \r\n4. Powers of the Authority. \r\n5. Committees. \r\n6. Director General. \r\n7. District Spatial Planning Agency. \r\n8. Functions of District Spatial Planning Agency. \r\n9. Plan preparation. \r\n10. Review of plans. \r\n11. Implementation and evaluation of plans. \r\n12. Fund. \r\n13. Delegation of powers. \r\n14. Budget. \r\n15. Accounts. \r\n16. Audit. \r\n17. Appeal. \r\n18. Act to override other laws. \r\n19. Public servant. \r\n20. Power to make rules. \r\n21. Power to frame regulations. \r\n22. Transition. \r\n23. Indemnity. \r\n \r\n \r\n24. Removal of difficulties.\r\nTEXT \r\n1\r\nPUNJAB SPATIAL PLANNING AUTHORITY ACT 2025 \r\n(XXII of 2025) \r\n              [02 May 2025] \r\n \r\nAn \r\nAct \r\nto establish the Punjab Spatial Planning Authority. \r\nIt is necessary to establish the Punjab Spatial Planning Authority to ensure balanced \r\ngrowth and sustainable development of hierarchy wise settlement s in the districts  \r\nthrough master and spatial planning; implement master and spatial planning by \r\nexecuting authorities and harmonization o f laws to regulate the land use  and for the \r\npurposes connected therewith and ancillary thereto. \r\nBe it enacted by Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as follows: \r\n1. Short title, extent and commencement.- (1) This Act shall be cited as the \r\nPunjab Spatial Planning Authority Act 2025. \r\n (2) It extends to whole of the Punjab, provided that the Government may, \r\nby notification in the official Gazette, exempt the application of the Act to any specific \r\narea. \r\n (3) It shall come into force at once.  \r\n2. Definitions.- In the Act: \r\n(a) “Act” means the Punjab Spatial Planning Authority Act 2025; \r\n(b) “Authority” means the Punjab Spatial Planning Authority established \r\nunder the Act; \r\n(c) “Development Authority” means a Development Authority established \r\nunder any law for the time being in force for the purpose of regulation \r\nof land use; \r\n(d) “Director General” means the Director General of the Authority; \r\n(e) “District Spatial Planning  Agency” means the Spatial Planning Agency \r\nestablished at the district level under the Act; \r\n(f) “executing authority” means a local government, a Development \r\nAuthority or any other agency established under any law for the time \r\nbeing in force, performing the fu nctions of regulation of land use, \r\nbuilding control and private housing schemes;  \r\n(g) “Government” means Government of the Punjab; \r\n(h) “land use plan” means a plan that shall be prepared for a district \r\nproviding land use zones and road network along with infrastru cture \r\nprovisions; \r\n                                                      \r\n1This Act was passed by Provincial Assembly of the Punjab on 21 April 2025; and was assented to by Governor of the Punjab \r\non 02 May 2025; and was published in the Punjab Gazette (Extraordinary), dated: 02 May 2025, pp. 4243-4248. \r\n \r\n \r\n(i) “land-use” means the use of land for any specific purpose; \r\n(j) “local government” means a local government established under the \r\nlaw for the time being in force; \r\n(k) “master plan” means a comprehensive long term development plan \r\nwhich includes a conceptual lay out  to guide future growth and \r\ndevelopment and include analysis and evaluation of standards, \r\nproposals for population, economy, housing, transportation, community \r\nfacilities and land use; \r\n(l) “Member” means a Member of the Authority; \r\n(m) “planning principles” means a set of principles approved by the \r\nAuthority for guidance and steering the planning and designing of \r\nurban and rural; \r\n(n) “prescribed” means prescribed by the rules or regulations made or \r\nframed under the Act; \r\n(o) “Provincial Spatial Strategy” m eans a strategic plan at provincial level \r\nprepared by the Authority to establish long -term spatial development \r\ngoals, strategies, and policies, integrating aspects of economic \r\ndevelopment, environmental sustainability, social equity and climate \r\nresilience; \r\n(p) “regional plans” means the plans approved by the Authority for a region \r\nspecifying spatial development priorities, land -use patterns, \r\ninfrastructure requirements, and environmental conservation measures \r\nto ensure their alignment with the Provincial Spatia l Strategy  while \r\naccommodating local variations; \r\n(q) “regulations” means the regulations framed under the Act; \r\n(r) “rules” means the rules made under the Act; \r\n(s) “spatial planning manual” means a comprehensive guide approved by \r\nthe Authority; and \r\n(t) “Zoning and Structure Plans” means a plan approved by the Authority \r\nprepared at district level, delineating land -use zones, development \r\nregulations, and infrastructure provisions to guide sustainable local \r\ndevelopment and to balance economic growth with env ironmental \r\nprotection, social inclusivity and preservation of cultural heritage. \r\n3. Establishment of Authority.- (1) There shall be a n Authority to be known as \r\nthe Punjab Spatial Planning Authority which shall be a body corporate having \r\nperpetual succession and a common seal, and subject to the provisions of the Act, \r\nshall have power to acquire, hold and transfer property , both movable and \r\nimmovable, to enter into a contract, agreement, memorandum of understanding and \r\ndo all other things necessary for the purposes of its constitution; and may by its \r\nname sue and be sued. \r\n(2) The Authority shall consist of: \r\n(a) Chief Minister, Punjab. Chairperson \r\n \r\n \r\n(b) Minister for Local Gover nment and \r\nCommunity Development. \r\nVice Chairperson \r\n(c) Secretary to the Government , Local \r\nGovernment and C ommunity Development \r\nDepartment.  \r\nMember \r\n(d) Secretary to the Government , Housing, \r\nUrban Development and Publi c Health \r\nEngineering Department.  \r\nMember \r\n(e) Secretary to the Government , Law and \r\nParliamentary Affairs Department. \r\nMember \r\n(f) Secretary to the Government, Irrigation \r\nDepartment. \r\nMember \r\n(g) Secretary to the Government , P lanning and \r\nDevelopment Board. \r\nMember \r\n(h) Secretary to the Government, Transport and \r\nMasstransit Department. \r\nMember \r\n(i) Secretary to the Government, Environment \r\nProtection and Climate Change Department. \r\nMember \r\n(j) Secretary to the Government , Industries, \r\nCommerce and Investment Department. \r\nMember \r\n(k) Secretary to the Government, Agriculture \r\nDepartment. \r\nMember \r\n(l) five experts to be nominated by the Chief \r\nMinister. \r\nMembers \r\n(m) Director General, Punjab Land Record s \r\nAuthority. \r\nMember \r\n(n) Director General of the Authority. Member/Secretary \r\n(3) The Authority shall meet quarterly, however, the Chairperson may \r\nconvene a meeting of the Authority as and when deemed appropriate.   \r\n (4) The meeting of the Authority shall be presided over by the Chairperson \r\nand in the absence of Chairperson, by the Vice Chairperson. \r\n (5) The quorum of the meeting of the Authority shall be two-third of its total \r\nmembership. \r\n(6) The Authority shall have the powers to co -opt a person having \r\nexpertise in the relevant field for its assistance and advice on the matter under \r\nconsideration but such co-opted person shall not have any right to vote. \r\n \r\n \r\n(7) Subject to the quor um, the decisions of the Authority shall be taken by \r\nmajority of the Members present and voting and in the event of equality of votes, the \r\nperson presiding over the meeting, shall have a casting vote. \r\n (8) The Members at clause (l) shall be from the private sector or academia \r\nhaving minimum qualification of sixteen years with fifteen years’ experience in the \r\nfields of urban and regional planning , transportation, agriculture, architecture, \r\nenvironment, urban economics or any other relevant field.  \r\n (9) The Members at clause (l) shall be appointed for a period of three \r\nyears, which may be extend able for another term,  however, they shall serve during \r\nthe pleasure of the Chief Minister unless they resign earlier. \r\n4. Powers of the Authority.- The Authority shall have powers to: \r\n(a) approve, update, amend and review any plan including spatial plan and \r\npolicy, regional plan, district zoning and structure plan, land -use plan \r\nand master plan; \r\n(b) approve spatial planning manual and guidelines;  \r\n(c) approve regulations for effective implementation of plans; \r\n(d) approve annual reports; \r\n(e) approve annual development program for its own functions;  \r\n(f) initiate and maintain a continuo us process of spatial planning and  \r\npolicy, regional planning, z oning and structure planning, land use and  \r\nmaster planning at various levels; \r\n(g) approve spatial policy, planning principles and  standards, land -use \r\npolicy and technical guidelines; \r\n(h) superimpose the revenue maps with notified land-use plans; \r\n(i) supervise the offices of District Spatial Planning Agency during plan \r\npreparation and implementation; \r\n(j) spearhead implementation and  monitoring of the master plans, land -\r\nuse plans or any other plans through technological systems;  \r\n(k) ensure that concerned executing authorities exercising land use \r\ncontrols, building control and approval of schemes such as residential, \r\ncommercial, industrial or similar other schemes,  in accordance with \r\nplans, rules, regulations notified under the Act; \r\n(l) develop and execute a land-use audit system to ensure the compliance \r\nof approved lay out plans of both public and private housing schemes; \r\n(m) conduct, promote and coordinate research, in relation to different \r\naspects of land-use, zoning, housing, and related matters; \r\n(n) prepare spatial planning manual, publish documents, reports, statistics, \r\nmonographs, and other publications relating to its functions; \r\n(o) prepare and approve its annual budget; \r\n(p) engage or hire  such advisors, experts, consultants , as it considers \r\nnecessary for the performance of its functions; \r\n \r\n \r\n(q) appoint such officers and employees on such terms and conditions as \r\nit may prescribe; \r\n(r) procure machinery, equipment and any other material required for \r\nperformance of its functions; and \r\n(s) perform any other function as may be assigned to it by the \r\nGovernment. \r\n5. Committees.- The Authority may constitute such financial, technical and \r\nadvisory committees, as it may deem necessary for c arrying out the purposes of the \r\nAct and such committees shall exercise such powers and perform such functions as \r\nmay be delegated or assigned to them by the Authority. \r\n6. Director General.- (1) There shall be a Director General of the Authority to be \r\nappointed by the Chief Minister on such terms and conditions and in such manner as \r\nmay be prescribed through regulations and until so prescribed as may be determined \r\nby the Chief Minister. \r\n(2) The Director General shall be the Chief Executive and the Principal \r\nAccounting Officer of the Authority and be responsible for: \r\n(a) management and administration of the Authority; and \r\n(b) discharge of the mandate and responsibilities of the Authority. \r\n7.  District Spatial Planning Agency .- (1) There shall be a District Spatial \r\nPlanning Agency  in each district, headed by the Deputy Commissioner and \r\nconsisting of such members as may be notified by the Authority. \r\n(2) Heads of all local governments, except Union Councils shall be \r\nmembers of the Agency. \r\n(3) All executing authorities in a district sh all perform functions under the  \r\nAct through office of District Spatial Planning Agency. \r\n8. Functions of District Spatial Planning Agency .- The District Spatial \r\nPlanning Agency shall: \r\n(a) assist the Authority in plan preparation and implementation;  \r\n(b) ensure implementation of centralized zoning report generation \r\nsystem of the Authority;  \r\n(c) oversee the  executing authorities in performance of their \r\nfunctions under the Act; \r\n(d) recommend land-use plan to the Authority for approval; \r\n(e) ensure adherence of notified land-use plans;  \r\n(f) ensure implementation of policies, rules  and regulations made \r\nand framed under the Act; and \r\n(g) perform any other function as may be assigned to it by the \r\nAuthority. \r\n9. Plan p reparation.- (1) The Authority shall prepare plans at v arious levels  \r\nwhich may include  provincial spatial s trategy, regional plan, zoning and structure \r\n \r\n \r\nplan, land-use plan and master plan or any other such like plan , in such manner as \r\nmay be prescribed.  \r\n(2) The Authority shall prepare the plans in light of the following principles: \r\n(a) sustainable development that meets the present needs without \r\ncompromising the ability of future generations to meet their \r\nneeds involving promotion of  renewable energy, efficient land \r\nuse, and conservation of natural resources; \r\n(b) equity, fairness and social justice in planning decisions, ensuring \r\nthat all people have access to essential services, infrastructure, \r\nand opportunities regardless of their socio -economic status, \r\nrace, or other characteristics; \r\n(c) encourage mixed and diverse land -use within neighborhoods \r\nand regions to reduce travel distances,  promote walkability,  \r\nbicycle lanes and support vibrant communities; \r\n(d) compact development and  densification and mixed -use \r\ndevelopment to discourage urban sprawl, preserve open \r\nspaces, and reduce infrastructure costs through determining the \r\nlimits of a city expansion by separating urban land and \r\nagricultural land  on the basis of compact built -up area \r\nestablished over the years; \r\n(e) development around tran sportation hubs, promote transit use, \r\nreduce car dependency and enhance accessibility through \r\ndevelopment strategies; \r\n(f) preservation of drinking water, rich crop lands, ponds, orchards, \r\nwater recharge zones , environmentally sensitive sites, \r\nhistorically sign ificant areas, forests , conservation and \r\nintegration into new development projects; \r\n(g) climate change and enhance resilience against disaster; and \r\n(h) stakeholders engagements, as may be prescribed. \r\n10. Review of plans.- (1) The Authority , for the purposes of amendment in a \r\nplan, may prepare a reclassification plan or an action area plan for the area or any \r\npart thereof to be known as project area. \r\n(2)  The Authority shall select the project area proposed for amendment in \r\naccordance with the following criteria: \r\n(a) trend of changes which are compatible with planning principles \r\nin existing land uses; \r\n(b) market demand for the change of land use in the area; \r\n(c) compatibility with adjoining land uses; \r\n(d) social, environmental or urban development problems due to \r\nthe existing plan; and \r\n(e) special initiatives taken by the Government. \r\n \r\n \r\n11. Implementation and e valuation of plans.- (1) The Authority shall ensure \r\nimplementation of plans through executing authorities.  \r\n(2) The Authority may  monitor the implementation of plans , through \r\nsatellite surveillance, by its unit comprising of such officers and employees as it may \r\ndetermine. \r\n(3) The Authority shall establish a technology-based portal to facilitate the \r\nexecuting authorities by generating automated zoning reports.  \r\n12. Fund.- (1) There shall be a Fund to be known as the Punjab Spatial Planning \r\nAuthority Fund, which shall vest in and utilized by the Authority to meet its expenses \r\nand charges in connection with the discharge of its functions and powers under th e \r\nAct, including payment of salaries and remunerations to its officers, employees, \r\nadvisors and consultants. \r\n(2) All monies credited in the Fund shall be deposited in an account with \r\nNational Bank of Pakistan or the Bank of Punjab. \r\n(3) The Fund shall consist of: \r\n(a) grants from the Government or Federal Government or any \r\nother body or organization; and \r\n(b) such other sums as may be received by the Authority. \r\n13. Delegation of powers .- The Authority may, subject to such conditions and \r\nlimitations as it may determine, delegate any of its powers or functions to its \r\nChairperson, Secretary, Member or officers or a committee constituted by it, except \r\nthe powers to: \r\n(a) approve, update, amend and review any plan including spatial \r\nplan and policy, regional plan, district zoning and structure plan, \r\nland-use plan and master plan; \r\n(b) frame, amend or repeal regulations; \r\n(c) approve policy decisions, guidelines or procedures for the \r\noperation of the Fund; \r\n(d) determine the terms and conditions of service of the employees \r\nof the Authority; \r\n(e) constitute committees; \r\n(f) approve the annual budget, audited accoun ts and annual \r\nreports of the Authority; and \r\n(g) consider audit reports of the Authority. \r\n14. Budget.- (1) The Director General of the Authority shall prepare, in such \r\nmanner and at such time as may be prescribed, a budget in respect of the financial \r\nyear next ensuing, showing the estimated receipts and expenditure o f the Authority  \r\nand shall submit the same to the Authority for approval.  \r\n (2) Expenditure which has not been approved in the budget shall not be \r\nincurred without prior approval of the Authority.  \r\n \r\n \r\n (3) The Authority may empower its Director General  to re -appropriate \r\nfunds from one head to another as may be prescribed. \r\n15. Accounts.- The Authority shall maintain proper accounts and other relevant \r\nrecords and prepare annual statement of accounts relatin g to its financial affairs \r\nincluding its income and expenditure as per requirements of international financial \r\nreporting standards in such form and manner as may be prescribed. \r\n16. Audit.- (1) The Audi tor General of  Pakistan shall audit the accounts of the  \r\nAuthority. \r\n(2) The Director General shall, within six months of the close of the \r\nfinancial year, submit the annual statement of accounts along with the report of the \r\nauditor to the Authority. \r\n17. Appeal.- A person aggrieved from any order passed under the Act may file an \r\nappeal before such forum, with in such time and in such manner  as may be \r\nprescribed through rules: \r\nProvided that a person or entity aggrieved from any decision of authority may, \r\nwithin 30 days file a review petition before the Authority. \r\n18. Act to override other laws .- The provisions of the Act shall have effect \r\nnotwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force. \r\n19. Public servant.- All persons acting or purporting to act under the Act, shall be \r\ndeemed to be the public servants within the meaning of section 21 of the Pakistan \r\nPenal Code, 1860 (XLV of 1860). \r\n20. Power to make rules .- The Government may make rules for carrying out the \r\npurposes of the Act.  \r\n21. Power to frame regulations.- The Authority may, subject to the provisions of \r\nthe Act and rules made thereunder, frame regulations for the purposes of the Act.  \r\n22. Transition.- (1) An executing authority shall continue to perform its functions \r\nof regulation of land -use, building control and private hous ing schemes under its \r\nrespective law, rules and regulation s till such time the rules or regulations are \r\nnotified, on the subject, under the Act. \r\n(2) Upon notification of such rules or regulations under the Act, the \r\nexecuting authority shall perform its functions of regulation of land -use, building \r\ncontrol and private housing schemes under the rules or regulations notified under the \r\nAct. \r\n23. Indemnity.- No suit, prosecution or any other legal proceedings shall lie \r\nagainst the Authority, the Chairperson, V ice Chairperson, Mem bers, Director \r\nGeneral, officer, employee, expert, advisor or consultant of the Authority, in respect \r\nof anything done or intended to be done, in good faith, under the Act. \r\n24. Removal of difficulties .- The Government may, by an order n ot inconsistent \r\nwith the object of the Act, provide for the removal of any difficulty which may arise in \r\ngiving effect to the provisions of the Act.",
  "passage_offset_convention": "zero-based Unicode code points and UTF8 bytes; end exclusive",
  "passages": [
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-ad8c03b01560aadd:sha256:ee0c5b4e10d012fca847ac4ba65cdaf19b7b22584bb35796086179d6b7275563:chars-0-1779:b342b079124010bbbb0f0954609fbcb5d99676bb73d08982b00fbe42545abe8e",
      "character_start": 0,
      "character_end": 1779,
      "utf8_byte_start": 0,
      "utf8_byte_end": 1783,
      "passage_sha256": "b342b079124010bbbb0f0954609fbcb5d99676bb73d08982b00fbe42545abe8e",
      "reader_fragment": "p-0-1779-b342b079124010bb"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-ad8c03b01560aadd:sha256:ee0c5b4e10d012fca847ac4ba65cdaf19b7b22584bb35796086179d6b7275563:chars-1779-3510:93c0fc0a7e6fbf04d4fa3ccd06907ba73df7278a9a591a378ec334e24fd05785",
      "character_start": 1779,
      "character_end": 3510,
      "utf8_byte_start": 1783,
      "utf8_byte_end": 3558,
      "passage_sha256": "93c0fc0a7e6fbf04d4fa3ccd06907ba73df7278a9a591a378ec334e24fd05785",
      "reader_fragment": "p-1779-3510-93c0fc0a7e6fbf04"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-ad8c03b01560aadd:sha256:ee0c5b4e10d012fca847ac4ba65cdaf19b7b22584bb35796086179d6b7275563:chars-3510-5271:dc5f16b923578dc327738f9e471db5b12c7ed3f7a83c3eb4ab40188b3148d787",
      "character_start": 3510,
      "character_end": 5271,
      "utf8_byte_start": 3558,
      "utf8_byte_end": 5351,
      "passage_sha256": "dc5f16b923578dc327738f9e471db5b12c7ed3f7a83c3eb4ab40188b3148d787",
      "reader_fragment": "p-3510-5271-dc5f16b923578dc3"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-ad8c03b01560aadd:sha256:ee0c5b4e10d012fca847ac4ba65cdaf19b7b22584bb35796086179d6b7275563:chars-5271-7019:dc216a77c6de241c730c215a80eace1b054b1665f53cc3ad5e795014b03cb7d2",
      "character_start": 5271,
      "character_end": 7019,
      "utf8_byte_start": 5351,
      "utf8_byte_end": 7099,
      "passage_sha256": "dc216a77c6de241c730c215a80eace1b054b1665f53cc3ad5e795014b03cb7d2",
      "reader_fragment": "p-5271-7019-dc216a77c6de241c"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-ad8c03b01560aadd:sha256:ee0c5b4e10d012fca847ac4ba65cdaf19b7b22584bb35796086179d6b7275563:chars-7019-8770:47dc14489407ddf2f65d5105922be4775491ac6f880aa6cd4d40d9e3cf665397",
      "character_start": 7019,
      "character_end": 8770,
      "utf8_byte_start": 7099,
      "utf8_byte_end": 8852,
      "passage_sha256": "47dc14489407ddf2f65d5105922be4775491ac6f880aa6cd4d40d9e3cf665397",
      "reader_fragment": "p-7019-8770-47dc14489407ddf2"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-ad8c03b01560aadd:sha256:ee0c5b4e10d012fca847ac4ba65cdaf19b7b22584bb35796086179d6b7275563:chars-8770-10533:93823e523ea057fb55eb37dfd231a9078a7f10ad9fcfa82a117d4992cdfb358f",
      "character_start": 8770,
      "character_end": 10533,
      "utf8_byte_start": 8852,
      "utf8_byte_end": 10615,
      "passage_sha256": "93823e523ea057fb55eb37dfd231a9078a7f10ad9fcfa82a117d4992cdfb358f",
      "reader_fragment": "p-8770-10533-93823e523ea057fb"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-ad8c03b01560aadd:sha256:ee0c5b4e10d012fca847ac4ba65cdaf19b7b22584bb35796086179d6b7275563:chars-10533-12263:d99ac0dea98e36d542816effb52098529d524c2ee0916ed1c8a96621875c271f",
      "character_start": 10533,
      "character_end": 12263,
      "utf8_byte_start": 10615,
      "utf8_byte_end": 12345,
      "passage_sha256": "d99ac0dea98e36d542816effb52098529d524c2ee0916ed1c8a96621875c271f",
      "reader_fragment": "p-10533-12263-d99ac0dea98e36d5"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-ad8c03b01560aadd:sha256:ee0c5b4e10d012fca847ac4ba65cdaf19b7b22584bb35796086179d6b7275563:chars-12263-14046:5e6fac44d3d7a256cab9867b33b5647b6d10da2d5ad2e1d774e355baa4f4a771",
      "character_start": 12263,
      "character_end": 14046,
      "utf8_byte_start": 12345,
      "utf8_byte_end": 14128,
      "passage_sha256": "5e6fac44d3d7a256cab9867b33b5647b6d10da2d5ad2e1d774e355baa4f4a771",
      "reader_fragment": "p-12263-14046-5e6fac44d3d7a256"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-ad8c03b01560aadd:sha256:ee0c5b4e10d012fca847ac4ba65cdaf19b7b22584bb35796086179d6b7275563:chars-14046-15802:4711e76f544c7a03c2cc4a441dbf55957eb9e0eabdf1d6c9c2fc5ca5d4aa742d",
      "character_start": 14046,
      "character_end": 15802,
      "utf8_byte_start": 14128,
      "utf8_byte_end": 15884,
      "passage_sha256": "4711e76f544c7a03c2cc4a441dbf55957eb9e0eabdf1d6c9c2fc5ca5d4aa742d",
      "reader_fragment": "p-14046-15802-4711e76f544c7a03"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-ad8c03b01560aadd:sha256:ee0c5b4e10d012fca847ac4ba65cdaf19b7b22584bb35796086179d6b7275563:chars-15802-17582:f2f1ea4d362471636e9763f2ff7da160b46c41c0e5b592b00b809191772913b8",
      "character_start": 15802,
      "character_end": 17582,
      "utf8_byte_start": 15884,
      "utf8_byte_end": 17664,
      "passage_sha256": "f2f1ea4d362471636e9763f2ff7da160b46c41c0e5b592b00b809191772913b8",
      "reader_fragment": "p-15802-17582-f2f1ea4d36247163"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-ad8c03b01560aadd:sha256:ee0c5b4e10d012fca847ac4ba65cdaf19b7b22584bb35796086179d6b7275563:chars-17582-19295:2d14f2ce7364d44f88de58248f71346a1c742551c84381ad428402fc63db2b9e",
      "character_start": 17582,
      "character_end": 19295,
      "utf8_byte_start": 17664,
      "utf8_byte_end": 19377,
      "passage_sha256": "2d14f2ce7364d44f88de58248f71346a1c742551c84381ad428402fc63db2b9e",
      "reader_fragment": "p-17582-19295-2d14f2ce7364d44f"
    },
    {
      "passage_id": "law:punjab-code-ad8c03b01560aadd:sha256:ee0c5b4e10d012fca847ac4ba65cdaf19b7b22584bb35796086179d6b7275563:chars-19295-19929:925b6aa2912048e442f891123c636feb28b18e4442afe4f32eda4bc407f0c071",
      "character_start": 19295,
      "character_end": 19929,
      "utf8_byte_start": 19377,
      "utf8_byte_end": 20011,
      "passage_sha256": "925b6aa2912048e442f891123c636feb28b18e4442afe4f32eda4bc407f0c071",
      "reader_fragment": "p-19295-19929-925b6aa2912048e4"
    }
  ]
}