{"schema":"qanun-rules/1","evidence_model_id":"c8aca56e1c9125fc7e276db3261c4beb869ad350aac2bd2d85ca3bf832a80024","rules":[{"id":"rule-mustafa-rule16","stable_id_status":"source-bound research proposition; not a canonical rule identity","instrument_id":"pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3","instrument_title":"Rules of Business","provision":"Rule 16(1)(d); historical Rule 16(2)","version_id":"law:pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3:sha256:9891101e1417c7fa89201f5f1c43111fd0c3e43eda7238611a14d7bfe6d15ef3","source_url":"https://pakistancode.gov.pk/alpha/UY2FqaJw1-apaUY2Fqa-apaUY2Npa5tibg%3D%3D-sg-jjjjjjjjjjjjj","authority":{"note":"Constitutional rules: opening recital cites Articles 90 and 99. Article 99 concerns rules for government business; Article 90 supplies executive context. Held compilation says amended to 11 May 2026.","evidence":{"law_id":"pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3","text_sha256":"9891101e1417c7fa89201f5f1c43111fd0c3e43eda7238611a14d7bfe6d15ef3","text_version_id":"law:pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3:sha256:9891101e1417c7fa89201f5f1c43111fd0c3e43eda7238611a14d7bfe6d15ef3","character_start":4857,"character_end":6732,"quote":"……….……………………… 28-29 \r\n57.  Relaxation …………………………………………………………………………… 29 \r\n58.  Repeal …………………………………………..…………………………………… 29 \r\nSCHEDULES  \r\nSchedule I.       List of Ministries and Divisions …………………………………………… 30-31 \r\nSchedule II.       Distribution of business among the Divisions ……………………….…..… 32-70 \r\nSchedule III        List of Attached Departments declared as such by the Federal Government..                                                                                              \r\n71-73 \r\nSchedule IV.      List of officers authorized to make and execute orders and other instruments  \r\n     in the name of the President …………………………………………….…..… \r\n \r\n74 \r\nSchedule 5A.      List of cases to be submitted to the Prime Minister for his orders……….…… 75-77 \r\nSchedule VB.      List of cases requiring orders of the President on the advice of the Prime    \r\n     Minister……………………………………………………………………….. \r\n \r\n78-80 \r\nSchedule VI.      List of cases to be submitted to the President for his orders in his discretion…                                          81 \r\nSchedule VII.      Cases and papers to be submitted to the President for information………..… 82 \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n(ii) \r\n 4 \r\nRULES OF BUSINESS \r\n \r\nIn exercise of the powers conferred by Articles 90 and 99 of the Constitution of the \r\nIslamic Republic of Pakistan, the Federal Government is pleased to make the following \r\nrules:- \r\n \r\n   \r\nPART A.--GENERAL \r\n \r\n1. 1Title, commencement and application .--(1) These rules may be called the \r\n\"Rules of Business, 1973.\" \r\n \r\n(2) They shall come into force on the fourteenth day of August 1973. \r\n2(3) They shall also apply, mutatis mutandis, when the business of the Government \r\nis conducted through automated or digitalized applications, platforms or systems. \r\n \r\n2. Definitions.--(1) In these rules, unless there is anything repugnant in the \r\nsubject or context: \r\n \r\n(","passages":[{"fragment":"p-3502-5157-ead94e3d674698d1","sha256":"ead94e3d674698d1ef9707c10fe7470fc44b53c47979e64295186e84889cb213"},{"fragment":"p-5157-6934-81fce96498973ae8","sha256":"81fce96498973ae8840af6bd106736f5cfd60e803e790de3d8683ebcc4fcab88"}],"quote_sha256":"f3e259c42e9871a5a4189d17ceed7d34e520be0d7a1fb3c90856a11be5407581"},"status":"recital recorded; enabling instrument not independently established here"},"scope":{"jurisdiction":null,"persons":null,"activities":null,"status":"not independently checked"},"conditions":[{"id":"condition-1","label":"The matter concerns a tax proposal within the quoted Rule 16(1)(d)","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:mustafa-rule16","case-law:mustafa-rule16"]},{"id":"condition-2","label":"The institutional decision-making context matches the cited passage","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:mustafa-rule16","case-law:mustafa-rule16"]}],"legal_effect":{"label":"Cabinet consideration of specified tax proposals","proposition":"The Court treated Cabinet consideration of tax proposals as mandatory. Read the quoted rule and the Court's qualification of the Prime Minister's disposal power together.","mode":"historical judgment proposition; not an automatic outcome"},"qualifications":["Read the Prime Minister disposal-power qualification with the Cabinet requirement","Held Rules of Business compilation is amended to 11 May 2026; it is not the 2016 text quoted by the Court. This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified."],"time":{"commencement":null,"effective_from":null,"effective_to":null,"repeal":null,"current_force":null,"status":"not established"},"case_relationships":[{"relationship_id":"case-mustafa-rule16","case_id":"sc-mustafa-impex-ca1428-2016","type":"interprets","binding_status":"not assessed","subsequent_treatment":"not comprehensively checked"}],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:mustafa-rule16","case-law:mustafa-rule16"],"review":{"relationship":"reviewed passage inherited","structured_rule":"awaiting legal review","conditions":"editorial research checklist","current_applicability":"not checked","review_date":"2026-11-04"},"rights":{"original_structure":"Original Qanun Maps implementation and editorial structure","underlying_sources":"Third-party rights retained; no ownership asserted","clearance":"not independently checked","commercial_reuse":"not established by this record"}},{"id":"rule-mustafa-rule16-invalidity","stable_id_status":"source-bound research proposition; not a canonical rule identity","instrument_id":"pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3","instrument_title":"Rules of Business","provision":"Historical Rule 16(2)","version_id":"law:pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3:sha256:9891101e1417c7fa89201f5f1c43111fd0c3e43eda7238611a14d7bfe6d15ef3","source_url":"https://pakistancode.gov.pk/alpha/UY2FqaJw1-apaUY2Fqa-apaUY2Npa5tibg%3D%3D-sg-jjjjjjjjjjjjj","authority":{"note":"Constitutional rules: opening recital cites Articles 90 and 99. Article 99 concerns rules for government business; Article 90 supplies executive context. Held compilation says amended to 11 May 2026.","evidence":{"law_id":"pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3","text_sha256":"9891101e1417c7fa89201f5f1c43111fd0c3e43eda7238611a14d7bfe6d15ef3","text_version_id":"law:pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3:sha256:9891101e1417c7fa89201f5f1c43111fd0c3e43eda7238611a14d7bfe6d15ef3","character_start":4857,"character_end":6732,"quote":"……….……………………… 28-29 \r\n57.  Relaxation …………………………………………………………………………… 29 \r\n58.  Repeal …………………………………………..…………………………………… 29 \r\nSCHEDULES  \r\nSchedule I.       List of Ministries and Divisions …………………………………………… 30-31 \r\nSchedule II.       Distribution of business among the Divisions ……………………….…..… 32-70 \r\nSchedule III        List of Attached Departments declared as such by the Federal Government..                                                                                              \r\n71-73 \r\nSchedule IV.      List of officers authorized to make and execute orders and other instruments  \r\n     in the name of the President …………………………………………….…..… \r\n \r\n74 \r\nSchedule 5A.      List of cases to be submitted to the Prime Minister for his orders……….…… 75-77 \r\nSchedule VB.      List of cases requiring orders of the President on the advice of the Prime    \r\n     Minister……………………………………………………………………….. \r\n \r\n78-80 \r\nSchedule VI.      List of cases to be submitted to the President for his orders in his discretion…                                          81 \r\nSchedule VII.      Cases and papers to be submitted to the President for information………..… 82 \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n(ii) \r\n 4 \r\nRULES OF BUSINESS \r\n \r\nIn exercise of the powers conferred by Articles 90 and 99 of the Constitution of the \r\nIslamic Republic of Pakistan, the Federal Government is pleased to make the following \r\nrules:- \r\n \r\n   \r\nPART A.--GENERAL \r\n \r\n1. 1Title, commencement and application .--(1) These rules may be called the \r\n\"Rules of Business, 1973.\" \r\n \r\n(2) They shall come into force on the fourteenth day of August 1973. \r\n2(3) They shall also apply, mutatis mutandis, when the business of the Government \r\nis conducted through automated or digitalized applications, platforms or systems. \r\n \r\n2. Definitions.--(1) In these rules, unless there is anything repugnant in the \r\nsubject or context: \r\n \r\n(","passages":[{"fragment":"p-3502-5157-ead94e3d674698d1","sha256":"ead94e3d674698d1ef9707c10fe7470fc44b53c47979e64295186e84889cb213"},{"fragment":"p-5157-6934-81fce96498973ae8","sha256":"81fce96498973ae8840af6bd106736f5cfd60e803e790de3d8683ebcc4fcab88"}],"quote_sha256":"f3e259c42e9871a5a4189d17ceed7d34e520be0d7a1fb3c90856a11be5407581"},"status":"recital recorded; enabling instrument not independently established here"},"scope":{"jurisdiction":null,"persons":null,"activities":null,"status":"not independently checked"},"conditions":[{"id":"condition-1","label":"The comparison concerns the version of Rule 16(2) considered by the Court","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:mustafa-rule16-invalidity","case-law:mustafa-rule16-invalidity"]}],"legal_effect":{"label":"Historical constitutional invalidity finding","proposition":"The Court expressly declared Rule 16(2), apparently enabling the Prime Minister to bypass the Cabinet, ultra vires. This is a historical invalidity finding, not a declaration against every provision numbered 16(2) in later editions.","mode":"historical judgment proposition; not an automatic outcome"},"qualifications":["Later omission or amendment must be assessed separately","The held compilation records Rule 16(2) as omitted by SRO 623(I)/2021 dated 27 May 2021. Compare this with the historical wording in paragraph 44; do not assume identical text or current effect. This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified."],"time":{"commencement":null,"effective_from":null,"effective_to":null,"repeal":null,"current_force":null,"status":"not established"},"case_relationships":[{"relationship_id":"case-mustafa-rule16-invalidity","case_id":"sc-mustafa-impex-ca1428-2016","type":"invalidates","binding_status":"not assessed","subsequent_treatment":"not comprehensively checked"}],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:mustafa-rule16-invalidity","case-law:mustafa-rule16-invalidity"],"review":{"relationship":"reviewed passage inherited","structured_rule":"awaiting legal review","conditions":"editorial research checklist","current_applicability":"not checked","review_date":"2026-11-04"},"rights":{"original_structure":"Original Qanun Maps implementation and editorial structure","underlying_sources":"Third-party rights retained; no ownership asserted","clearance":"not independently checked","commercial_reuse":"not established by this record"}},{"id":"rule-farrukh-rule4-6","stable_id_status":"source-bound research proposition; not a canonical rule identity","instrument_id":"pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3","instrument_title":"Rules of Business","provision":"Rule 4(6)","version_id":"law:pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3:sha256:9891101e1417c7fa89201f5f1c43111fd0c3e43eda7238611a14d7bfe6d15ef3","source_url":"https://pakistancode.gov.pk/alpha/UY2FqaJw1-apaUY2Fqa-apaUY2Npa5tibg%3D%3D-sg-jjjjjjjjjjjjj","authority":{"note":"Constitutional rules: opening recital cites Articles 90 and 99. Article 99 concerns rules for government business; Article 90 supplies executive context. Held compilation says amended to 11 May 2026.","evidence":{"law_id":"pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3","text_sha256":"9891101e1417c7fa89201f5f1c43111fd0c3e43eda7238611a14d7bfe6d15ef3","text_version_id":"law:pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3:sha256:9891101e1417c7fa89201f5f1c43111fd0c3e43eda7238611a14d7bfe6d15ef3","character_start":4857,"character_end":6732,"quote":"……….……………………… 28-29 \r\n57.  Relaxation …………………………………………………………………………… 29 \r\n58.  Repeal …………………………………………..…………………………………… 29 \r\nSCHEDULES  \r\nSchedule I.       List of Ministries and Divisions …………………………………………… 30-31 \r\nSchedule II.       Distribution of business among the Divisions ……………………….…..… 32-70 \r\nSchedule III        List of Attached Departments declared as such by the Federal Government..                                                                                              \r\n71-73 \r\nSchedule IV.      List of officers authorized to make and execute orders and other instruments  \r\n     in the name of the President …………………………………………….…..… \r\n \r\n74 \r\nSchedule 5A.      List of cases to be submitted to the Prime Minister for his orders……….…… 75-77 \r\nSchedule VB.      List of cases requiring orders of the President on the advice of the Prime    \r\n     Minister……………………………………………………………………….. \r\n \r\n78-80 \r\nSchedule VI.      List of cases to be submitted to the President for his orders in his discretion…                                          81 \r\nSchedule VII.      Cases and papers to be submitted to the President for information………..… 82 \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n(ii) \r\n 4 \r\nRULES OF BUSINESS \r\n \r\nIn exercise of the powers conferred by Articles 90 and 99 of the Constitution of the \r\nIslamic Republic of Pakistan, the Federal Government is pleased to make the following \r\nrules:- \r\n \r\n   \r\nPART A.--GENERAL \r\n \r\n1. 1Title, commencement and application .--(1) These rules may be called the \r\n\"Rules of Business, 1973.\" \r\n \r\n(2) They shall come into force on the fourteenth day of August 1973. \r\n2(3) They shall also apply, mutatis mutandis, when the business of the Government \r\nis conducted through automated or digitalized applications, platforms or systems. \r\n \r\n2. Definitions.--(1) In these rules, unless there is anything repugnant in the \r\nsubject or context: \r\n \r\n(","passages":[{"fragment":"p-3502-5157-ead94e3d674698d1","sha256":"ead94e3d674698d1ef9707c10fe7470fc44b53c47979e64295186e84889cb213"},{"fragment":"p-5157-6934-81fce96498973ae8","sha256":"81fce96498973ae8840af6bd106736f5cfd60e803e790de3d8683ebcc4fcab88"}],"quote_sha256":"f3e259c42e9871a5a4189d17ceed7d34e520be0d7a1fb3c90856a11be5407581"},"status":"recital recorded; enabling instrument not independently established here"},"scope":{"jurisdiction":null,"persons":null,"activities":null,"status":"not independently checked"},"conditions":[{"id":"condition-1","label":"The issue concerns appointment under Rule 4(6)","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:farrukh-rule4-6","case-law:farrukh-rule4-6"]},{"id":"condition-2","label":"Appointment status is distinguished from Cabinet membership and exercise of executive powers","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:farrukh-rule4-6","case-law:farrukh-rule4-6"]}],"legal_effect":{"label":"Appointment rule upheld with limits on status and powers","proposition":"The Court rejected the constitutional challenge to Rule 4(6), while distinguishing a Special Assistant's status from Cabinet membership and executive authority. It separately set aside the challenged Cabinet committee appointments.","mode":"historical judgment proposition; not an automatic outcome"},"qualifications":["The challenged committee appointments were separately set aside","The judgment concerns the rule as considered in 2020; the held compilation is amended to May 2026. This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified."],"time":{"commencement":null,"effective_from":null,"effective_to":null,"repeal":null,"current_force":null,"status":"not established"},"case_relationships":[{"relationship_id":"case-farrukh-rule4-6","case_id":"ihc-farrukh-wp1-2020","type":"upholds","binding_status":"not assessed","subsequent_treatment":"not comprehensively checked"}],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:farrukh-rule4-6","case-law:farrukh-rule4-6"],"review":{"relationship":"reviewed passage inherited","structured_rule":"awaiting legal review","conditions":"editorial research checklist","current_applicability":"not checked","review_date":"2026-11-04"},"rights":{"original_structure":"Original Qanun Maps implementation and editorial structure","underlying_sources":"Third-party rights retained; no ownership asserted","clearance":"not independently checked","commercial_reuse":"not established by this record"}},{"id":"rule-haji-rehman-pk-code-a3869310f6800995","stable_id_status":"source-bound research proposition; not a canonical rule identity","instrument_id":"pk-code-a3869310f6800995","instrument_title":"Police Order, 2002","provision":"Article 155; distinct from CrPC section 155","version_id":"law:pk-code-a3869310f6800995:sha256:6d22f0fe24d013fc2b4da493669b123c1b36d55bca69b892c2b7f060af8d68e7","source_url":"https://pakistancode.gov.pk/alpha/UY2FqaJw1-apaUY2Fqa-apaUY2Npa5prag%3D%3D-sg-jjjjjjjjjjjjj","authority":{"note":"Chief Executive order: recital cites the 14 October 1999 Proclamation and Provisional Constitution Order No. 1 of 1999. This is not an ordinary rule made under a parent Act.","evidence":{"law_id":"pk-code-a3869310f6800995","text_sha256":"6d22f0fe24d013fc2b4da493669b123c1b36d55bca69b892c2b7f060af8d68e7","text_version_id":"law:pk-code-a3869310f6800995:sha256:6d22f0fe24d013fc2b4da493669b123c1b36d55bca69b892c2b7f060af8d68e7","character_start":10564,"character_end":12428,"quote":" may apply to annul; reverse or alter any rule or order \r\n182.  Notification of rules and regulations in the Official Gazette \r\n183.  Powers to prosecute under any other law not affected \r\n184.  Power to amend \r\n185.  Repeal and savings \r\n186.  Existing police deemed to be constituted under this Order \r\n187.  Power to remove difficulties \r\nFIRST SCHEDULE \r\nSECOND SCHEDULE \r\nTHIRD SCHEDULE \r\n \r\n \r\nPage 10 of 67 \r\n \r\nTHE POLICE ORDER, 2002 \r\n[14th August, 2002] \r\nCHIEF EXECUTIVE’S ORDER NO. 22 OF 2002 \r\nAN  \r\n[ \r\nORDER \r\nto reconstruct and regulate the police; \r\n WHEREAS the police has an obligation and duty to function according to the Constitution, law, \r\nand democratic aspirations of the people; \r\n AND WHEREAS such functioning of the police requires it to be professional, service -oriented, \r\nand accountable to the people; \r\n AND WHEREAS it is expedient to redefine the police role, its duties and responsibilities; \r\n AND WHEREAS it is necessary to reconstruct the police for efficient prevention and detection of \r\ncrime, and maintenance of public order; \r\n AND WHEREAS the Chief Executive is satisfied that circumstances exist which render it \r\nnecessary to take immediate action; \r\n NOW, THEREFORE, in pursuance of the Proclamation of E mergency of the fourteenth day of \r\nOctober, 1999, and the Provisional Constitution Order No. 1 of 1999, and in exercise of all powers \r\nenabling him in that behalf, the Chief Executive of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is pleased to make \r\nand promulgate the following Order:- \r\nCHAPTER I \r\nPRELIMINARY \r\n 1. Short title, extent and commencement.—(1) This Order may be called the Police Order, 2002. \r\n (2) It extends to the whole of Pakistan. \r\n (3) It shall come into force at once 1[except in the Islamabad Capital Territory where it shall come \r\ninto force on the date the local governments assume offic","passages":[{"fragment":"p-10540-12267-b6ed77ba64958e61","sha256":"b6ed77ba64958e616e28aea7b3c916d9fad5d8b26400225c960e331562448207"},{"fragment":"p-12267-14042-c13e3e52afaada15","sha256":"c13e3e52afaada15930f5b6ed8a91343e2e5754581c13cd822899884c078c201"}],"quote_sha256":"29a8beb41d97755ed7f70a995e63d4f422846b530ad0343a4d5128fea4044e79"},"status":"recital recorded; enabling instrument not independently established here"},"scope":{"jurisdiction":null,"persons":null,"activities":null,"status":"not independently checked"},"conditions":[{"id":"condition-1","label":"The alleged offence falls within the Article 155 provision discussed","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:haji-rehman-pk-code-a3869310f6800995","case-law:haji-rehman-pk-code-a3869310f6800995"]},{"id":"condition-2","label":"The relevant punishment and CrPC classification have been identified","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:haji-rehman-pk-code-a3869310f6800995","case-law:haji-rehman-pk-code-a3869310f6800995"]}],"legal_effect":{"label":"Cognizability in the police-misconduct prosecution","proposition":"For the police-misconduct offence before it, the Court treated Article 155 as cognizable by reading its punishment with CrPC section 4(f) and Schedule II. Article 153 was not treated as an exhaustive list.","mode":"historical judgment proposition; not an automatic outcome"},"qualifications":["Article 155 of the Police Order is distinct from section 155 CrPC","Territorial and later amendment applicability require separate review","Khyber Pakhtunkhwa dispute in 2012. The held federal/Punjab source edition is a comparison text, not proof of historical provincial applicability. This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified."],"time":{"commencement":null,"effective_from":null,"effective_to":null,"repeal":null,"current_force":null,"status":"not established"},"case_relationships":[{"relationship_id":"case-haji-rehman-pk-code-a3869310f6800995","case_id":"phc-haji-rehman-wp8b-2012","type":"interprets","binding_status":"not assessed","subsequent_treatment":"not comprehensively checked"}],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:haji-rehman-pk-code-a3869310f6800995","case-law:haji-rehman-pk-code-a3869310f6800995"],"review":{"relationship":"reviewed passage inherited","structured_rule":"awaiting legal review","conditions":"editorial research checklist","current_applicability":"not checked","review_date":"2026-11-04"},"rights":{"original_structure":"Original Qanun Maps implementation and editorial structure","underlying_sources":"Third-party rights retained; no ownership asserted","clearance":"not independently checked","commercial_reuse":"not established by this record"}},{"id":"rule-haji-rehman-punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1","stable_id_status":"source-bound research proposition; not a canonical rule identity","instrument_id":"punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1","instrument_title":"POLICE ORDER, 2002","provision":"Article 155; distinct from CrPC section 155","version_id":"law:punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1:sha256:ce3348f13d00ba1721800d9acf9522f9e14844da5914843c622d2118941675cb","source_url":"https://punjabcode.punjab.gov.pk/en/show_article/U2ZTZlRgUWk-","authority":{"note":"Historical presidential order: inspect this Punjab source edition separately; the collection label does not establish where a historical judgment applies.","evidence":{"law_id":"punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1","text_sha256":"ce3348f13d00ba1721800d9acf9522f9e14844da5914843c622d2118941675cb","text_version_id":"law:punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1:sha256:ce3348f13d00ba1721800d9acf9522f9e14844da5914843c622d2118941675cb","character_start":10824,"character_end":12688,"quote":"nnul, reverse or alter any rule  or order \r\n182.  Notification of rules and regulations in the Official Gazette \r\n183.  Powers to prosecute under any other law not affected  \r\n184.  [Omitted]  \r\n185.  Repeal and savings  \r\n186.  Existing police deemed to be constituted under this Order. \r\n186A. Power to amend Fourth Schedule  \r\n187.  Power to remove difficulties  \r\nFIRST SCHEDULE \r\nSECOND SCHEDULE \r\nTHIRD SCHEDULE \r\nFOURTH SCHEDULE \r\n \r\nTEXT \r\n1\r\nTHE POLICE ORDER, 2002 \r\n(22 of 2002) \r\n[14th August, 2002] \r\nAn \r\nOrder \r\nto reconstruct and regulate the police; \r\nWHEREAS the police has an obligation and duty to function according to \r\nthe Constitution, law, and democratic aspirations of the people; \r\nAND WHEREAS such functioning of the police requires it to be professional, \r\nservice-oriented, and accountable to the people; \r\nAND WHEREAS it is  expedient to redefine the police role, its duties and \r\nresponsibilities; \r\nAND WHEREAS it is  necessary to r econstruct the police for efficient \r\nprevention and detection of crime, and maintenance of public order; \r\nAND WHEREAS the Chief Executive is s atisfied that circumstances exist \r\nwhich render it necessary to take immediate action; \r\nNOW, THEREFORE, in pursuance  of  the Proclamation  of Emergency  of  \r\nthe fourteenth  day of October, 1999, and the Provisional  Constitution  Order No. \r\n1 of 1999, and in exercise of all powers enabling him in that behalf, the Chief \r\nExecutive of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is pleased to make and promulgate \r\nthe following Order:– \r\nCHAPTER I \r\nPRELIMINARY \r\n1.  Short title, extent and commencement.– (1) This Order may be called the \r\nPolice Order, 2002. \r\n(2) It extends to the whole of Pakistan. \r\n(3) It shall come into force at o nce \r\n2\r\n[except in the Islamabad Capital \r\nTerritory where it shall come into force on the date the Lo cal Go vernm","passages":[{"fragment":"p-10568-12345-74572bad49d4feb0","sha256":"74572bad49d4feb06a46ea4177fa7d09f270ea1c06a43121e14e81835c2a6904"},{"fragment":"p-12345-14080-73b4f90608d10dba","sha256":"73b4f90608d10dbada1a2cb3de4c899735d2085273ad5240675599f4bdb52196"}],"quote_sha256":"fbc7bff7af581db0bcd9c6cf2529081622f9407b1099272945e11ced01e88870"},"status":"recital recorded; enabling instrument not independently established here"},"scope":{"jurisdiction":null,"persons":null,"activities":null,"status":"not independently checked"},"conditions":[{"id":"condition-1","label":"The alleged offence falls within the Article 155 provision discussed","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:haji-rehman-punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1","case-law:haji-rehman-punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1"]},{"id":"condition-2","label":"The relevant punishment and CrPC classification have been identified","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:haji-rehman-punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1","case-law:haji-rehman-punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1"]}],"legal_effect":{"label":"Cognizability in the police-misconduct prosecution","proposition":"For the police-misconduct offence before it, the Court treated Article 155 as cognizable by reading its punishment with CrPC section 4(f) and Schedule II. Article 153 was not treated as an exhaustive list.","mode":"historical judgment proposition; not an automatic outcome"},"qualifications":["Article 155 of the Police Order is distinct from section 155 CrPC","Territorial and later amendment applicability require separate review","Khyber Pakhtunkhwa dispute in 2012. The held federal/Punjab source edition is a comparison text, not proof of historical provincial applicability. This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified."],"time":{"commencement":null,"effective_from":null,"effective_to":null,"repeal":null,"current_force":null,"status":"not established"},"case_relationships":[{"relationship_id":"case-haji-rehman-punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1","case_id":"phc-haji-rehman-wp8b-2012","type":"interprets","binding_status":"not assessed","subsequent_treatment":"not comprehensively checked"}],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:haji-rehman-punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1","case-law:haji-rehman-punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1"],"review":{"relationship":"reviewed passage inherited","structured_rule":"awaiting legal review","conditions":"editorial research checklist","current_applicability":"not checked","review_date":"2026-11-04"},"rights":{"original_structure":"Original Qanun Maps implementation and editorial structure","underlying_sources":"Third-party rights retained; no ownership asserted","clearance":"not independently checked","commercial_reuse":"not established by this record"}},{"id":"rule-shahjehan-pk-code-2b63161559568b20","stable_id_status":"source-bound research proposition; not a canonical rule identity","instrument_id":"pk-code-2b63161559568b20","instrument_title":"Prohibition (Enforcement of Hadd) Order, 1979","provision":"Article 3(1)(c): sale of intoxicant","version_id":"law:pk-code-2b63161559568b20:sha256:4552b4a684aaf6b1d9279ccb53a8dd76c5878f66a0fea56e852b74ab57b66349","source_url":"https://pakistancode.gov.pk/alpha/UY2FqaJw1-apaUY2Fqa-apaUY2Npa5plbQ%3D%3D-sg-jjjjjjjjjjjjj","authority":{"note":"Historical presidential order: recital cites the 5 July 1977 Proclamation and Laws (Continuance in Force) Order, 1977. Original enabling texts not matched here.","evidence":{"law_id":"pk-code-2b63161559568b20","text_sha256":"4552b4a684aaf6b1d9279ccb53a8dd76c5878f66a0fea56e852b74ab57b66349","text_version_id":"law:pk-code-2b63161559568b20:sha256:4552b4a684aaf6b1d9279ccb53a8dd76c5878f66a0fea56e852b74ab57b66349","character_start":686,"character_end":2551,"quote":" ordered. \r\n16. Cognizance of certain offences. \r\n17. Licences for ‘Bona Fide’ medicinal or other purposes. \r\n\r\n \r\n \r\nPage 2 of 12 \r\n \r\n18. Forms and conditions of licences. \r\n19. Power to cancel or suspend licences. \r\n20. Penalty for the breach of conditions of licence. \r\n21. Appointment of officers. \r\n22. Issue of search warrants. \r\n23. Powers of prohibition Officers. \r\n24. Enhanced punishment for certain offences after previous conviction. \r\n25. Punishment for attempt to commit offence punishable under this order. \r\n26. Application of certain provisions of the Pakistan Penal Code (Act XLV of 1860). \r\n27. Application of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (Act V of 1898). \r\n28. Indemnity. \r\n29. Order to override other laws. \r\n30. presiding Officer of Court to be a Muslim. \r\n31. Power to make Rules. \r\n32. Saving. \r\n33. Repeal. \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n  \r\n \r\n \r\nPage 3 of 12 \r\n \r\nTHE PROHIBITION (ENFORCEMENT OF HADD) ORDER, 1979 \r\n \r\n PRESIDENT’S ORDER No. 4 OF 1979 \r\n \r\n[9th February, 1979] \r\n \r\nWHEREAS it is necessary to modify the existing law relating to prohibition of intoxicants so \r\nas to bring it in conformity with the injunctions of Islam as set out in the Holy Qur’an and Sunnah: \r\n \r\nNOW, T HEREFORE, in pursuance of the Proclamation of the Fifth day of  July, 1977 read \r\nwith the Laws (Continuance in Force) Order, 1977 (C.M.L.A Order No. 1 of 1977), and in exercise \r\nof all powers enabling him in that behalf, the President and Chief Martial Law Administrator is \r\npleased to make the following Order: \r\n \r\nCHAPTER I \r\n PRELIMINARY \r\n 1. Short title, extent and commencement: (1) This Order may be called the Prohibition \r\n(Enforcement of Hadd) Order, 1979. \r\n \r\n (2) It extends to the whole of Pakistan. \r\n \r\n (3) It shall come into force on the twelfth day of Rabi -ul-Awwal, 1399 Hijri, that is, the tenth \r\nday of February, 1979. \r\n \r\n  2. D","passages":[{"fragment":"p-0-1780-cacca02fab976d02","sha256":"cacca02fab976d021379d445a3b5ef757e2df21cf4e21b95d5dacab10046c882"},{"fragment":"p-1780-3507-58b5e9cb35e572ea","sha256":"58b5e9cb35e572ea7955ac886dc7652e1bfca819e5739aec80bae56adf89e961"}],"quote_sha256":"1c9f6b97efabf684341dc65a6ebedaa0c9ce5d2c0a1ad24d17f54d0f08e82bc2"},"status":"recital recorded; enabling instrument not independently established here"},"scope":{"jurisdiction":null,"persons":null,"activities":null,"status":"not independently checked"},"conditions":[{"id":"condition-1","label":"The prosecution concerns the sale provision discussed","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:shahjehan-pk-code-2b63161559568b20","case-law:shahjehan-pk-code-2b63161559568b20"]},{"id":"condition-2","label":"Evidence of sale and the forensic record are available for review","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:shahjehan-pk-code-2b63161559568b20","case-law:shahjehan-pk-code-2b63161559568b20"]}],"legal_effect":{"label":"Fact-specific assessment of the alleged sale and forensic evidence","proposition":"In this prosecution the Court found Article 3 was not attracted, discussing proof of sale and defects in the forensic evidence. The acquittal was fact-specific; it did not invalidate Article 3.","mode":"historical judgment proposition; not an automatic outcome"},"qualifications":["The acquittal did not invalidate Article 3","Other facts or offences may require a different analysis","The case arose in D.I. Khan in 2011. Federal and Punjab editions remain distinct comparison records. This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified."],"time":{"commencement":null,"effective_from":null,"effective_to":null,"repeal":null,"current_force":null,"status":"not established"},"case_relationships":[{"relationship_id":"case-shahjehan-pk-code-2b63161559568b20","case_id":"phc-shahjehan-ca84-2011","type":"applies","binding_status":"not assessed","subsequent_treatment":"not comprehensively checked"}],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:shahjehan-pk-code-2b63161559568b20","case-law:shahjehan-pk-code-2b63161559568b20"],"review":{"relationship":"reviewed passage inherited","structured_rule":"awaiting legal review","conditions":"editorial research checklist","current_applicability":"not checked","review_date":"2026-11-04"},"rights":{"original_structure":"Original Qanun Maps implementation and editorial structure","underlying_sources":"Third-party rights retained; no ownership asserted","clearance":"not independently checked","commercial_reuse":"not established by this record"}},{"id":"rule-shahjehan-punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77","stable_id_status":"source-bound research proposition; not a canonical rule identity","instrument_id":"punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77","instrument_title":"PROHIBITION (ENFORCEMENT OF HADD) ORDER, 1979","provision":"Article 3(1)(c): sale of intoxicant","version_id":"law:punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77:sha256:589b503e05571b86368705a94348559dd587f689c3a584426ca030f56658930b","source_url":"https://punjabcode.punjab.gov.pk/en/show_article/BDECMVFlUmE-","authority":{"note":"Historical presidential order: recital cites the 5 July 1977 Proclamation and Laws (Continuance in Force) Order, 1977. Source edition retained separately.","evidence":{"law_id":"punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77","text_sha256":"589b503e05571b86368705a94348559dd587f689c3a584426ca030f56658930b","text_version_id":"law:punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77:sha256:589b503e05571b86368705a94348559dd587f689c3a584426ca030f56658930b","character_start":568,"character_end":2432,"quote":"s delay \r\n14. Things liable to Confiscation \r\n15. Confiscation how ordered \r\n16. Cognizance of certain offences \r\n17. Licenses for 'Bona Fide' medicinal or other purposes \r\n18. Forms and conditions of licences \r\n19. Power to cancel or suspend licences \r\n20. Penalty for the breach of conditions of licence \r\n21. Appointment of officers \r\n22. Issue of search warrants \r\n23. Powers of Prohibition Officer \r\n24. Enhanced punishment for certain offences after previous conviction \r\n25. Punishment for attempt to commit offence punishable under this Order \r\n26. Application of certain provisions Of the Pakistan Penal Code (Act XLV of \r\n1860) \r\n27. Application of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (Act V of 1898) \r\n28. Indemnity \r\n29. Order to override other Laws \r\n30. Presiding Officer of Court to be a Muslim \r\n31. Power to make Rules \r\n32. Saving \r\n33. Repeal \r\n34. The Schedule \r\nTEXT \r\nTHE PROHIBITION (ENFORCEMENT OF HADD) ORDER, 1979 \r\nPRESIDENT’S ORDER NO. 4 of 1979 \r\n[9th February, 1979] \r\nWHEREAS it is necessary to modify the existing  law relating to prohibition of \r\nintoxicants so as to bring it in conformity with the injunctions of Islam as set out in the \r\nHoly Quran and Sunnah; \r\nNOW, THEREFORE, in pursuance of the Proclamation of the fifth day of July, \r\n1977, read with the Laws (Continuance in Force), Order, 1977 (C.M.L.A. Order No. 1 \r\nof 1977), and in exercise of all powers enabling him in that behalf, the President and \r\nChief Martial Law Administrator is pleased to make the following order: \r\nPRELIMINARY \r\n1. Short title, extent and commencement .–  (1) This Order may be called the \r\nProhibition (Enforcement of Hadd Order, 1979. \r\n(2) It extends to the whole of Pakistan. \r\n(3) It shall come into force on the twelfth day of Rab i-ul-Awwal, 1399 Hijri, \r\nthat is, the tenth day of February, 1979. \r\n2. Definitions.– In this Order","passages":[{"fragment":"p-0-1768-3de8d9bcb1755afa","sha256":"3de8d9bcb1755afa2a8d3458cfaf7c06918b6b1ac80a45d0f40d0de5d26d838c"},{"fragment":"p-1768-3545-fd95da631647cdce","sha256":"fd95da631647cdcef69e7962085daadb83fc5995648be507fd64b308bb0ecc0e"}],"quote_sha256":"047bcc11d9ef79cc38e7bc29ce06a3f46ca37b06f5386307c186f344b4902f35"},"status":"recital recorded; enabling instrument not independently established here"},"scope":{"jurisdiction":null,"persons":null,"activities":null,"status":"not independently checked"},"conditions":[{"id":"condition-1","label":"The prosecution concerns the sale provision discussed","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:shahjehan-punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77","case-law:shahjehan-punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77"]},{"id":"condition-2","label":"Evidence of sale and the forensic record are available for review","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:shahjehan-punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77","case-law:shahjehan-punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77"]}],"legal_effect":{"label":"Fact-specific assessment of the alleged sale and forensic evidence","proposition":"In this prosecution the Court found Article 3 was not attracted, discussing proof of sale and defects in the forensic evidence. The acquittal was fact-specific; it did not invalidate Article 3.","mode":"historical judgment proposition; not an automatic outcome"},"qualifications":["The acquittal did not invalidate Article 3","Other facts or offences may require a different analysis","The case arose in D.I. Khan in 2011. Federal and Punjab editions remain distinct comparison records. This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified."],"time":{"commencement":null,"effective_from":null,"effective_to":null,"repeal":null,"current_force":null,"status":"not established"},"case_relationships":[{"relationship_id":"case-shahjehan-punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77","case_id":"phc-shahjehan-ca84-2011","type":"applies","binding_status":"not assessed","subsequent_treatment":"not comprehensively checked"}],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:shahjehan-punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77","case-law:shahjehan-punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77"],"review":{"relationship":"reviewed passage inherited","structured_rule":"awaiting legal review","conditions":"editorial research checklist","current_applicability":"not checked","review_date":"2026-11-04"},"rights":{"original_structure":"Original Qanun Maps implementation and editorial structure","underlying_sources":"Third-party rights retained; no ownership asserted","clearance":"not independently checked","commercial_reuse":"not established by this record"}},{"id":"rule-awais-pk-code-8080294edcd081e4","stable_id_status":"source-bound research proposition; not a canonical rule identity","instrument_id":"pk-code-8080294edcd081e4","instrument_title":"Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984 (QSO)","provision":"Article 129 illustration (g)","version_id":"law:pk-code-8080294edcd081e4:sha256:5ce43f10ab3749bc6aa8780e7dbe51b2831c5a282bc0d4feb651a72db12996af","source_url":"https://pakistancode.gov.pk/alpha/UY2FqaJw1-apaUY2Fqa-apaUY2Npa5plaw%3D%3D-sg-jjjjjjjjjjjjj","authority":{"note":"Historical presidential order: recital cites the Proclamation of 5 July 1977. Original proclamation not matched here.","evidence":{"law_id":"pk-code-8080294edcd081e4","text_sha256":"5ce43f10ab3749bc6aa8780e7dbe51b2831c5a282bc0d4feb651a72db12996af","text_version_id":"law:pk-code-8080294edcd081e4:sha256:5ce43f10ab3749bc6aa8780e7dbe51b2831c5a282bc0d4feb651a72db12996af","character_start":11239,"character_end":13103,"quote":" \r\n \r\n \r\n156.  Testimony to facts stated in document mentioned in Article 155 \r\n \r\n157.  Right of adverse party as to writing used to refresh memory \r\n \r\n158.  Production of documents \r\n \r\n159.  Giving, as evidence, of document called for and produced on notice \r\n \r\n160.  Using, as evidence, of document production of which was refused on notice \r\n \r\n161.  Judge’s power to put questions or order production \r\n \r\nCHAPTER XI \r\nOF IMPROPER ADMISSION AND REJECTION OF EVIDENCE \r\n \r\n162.  No new trial for improper admission or rejection of evidence \r\n \r\nCHAPTER XII \r\nDECISION OF CASE ON THE BASIS OF OATH \r\n \r\n163.  Acceptance or denial of claim on oath \r\n \r\nCHAPTER XIII \r\nMISCELLANEOUS \r\n \r\n164.  Production of evidence that has become available because of modern devices, etc. \r\n \r\n165.  Order to override other laws \r\n \r\n166.  Repeal \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\nPage 10 of 65 \r\n \r\nTHE QANUN­E­SHAHADAT, 1984 \r\n \r\nPRESIDENT’S ORDER No. X OF 1984 \r\n \r\n[28th October, 1984] \r\n \r\nWHEREAS it is expedient to revise, amend and consolidate the law of evidence so as to bring \r\nit in conformity with the injunctions of Islam as laid down in the Holy Quran and Sunnah ; \r\n \r\nNOW, THEREFORE, in pursuance of the Proclamation of the fifth day of July, 1977, and in \r\nexercise of all powers enabling him in that behalf, the President is pleased to make the following \r\nOrder:— \r\n \r\nPART I \r\n \r\nRELEVANCY OF FACTS \r\n \r\nCHAPTER I \r\n \r\nPRELIMINARY \r\n \r\n1. Short title, extent and commencement. —(1) This  Order may be called the \r\nQanun­e­Shahadat, 1984. \r\n \r\n(2) It extends to the whole of Pakistan and applies to all judicial proceedings in or before any \r\nCourt, including a court martial, a tribunal or other authority exercising judicial or quasi judicial \r\npowers or jurisdiction, but does not apply to proceedings before an arbitrator. \r\n","passages":[{"fragment":"p-10570-12343-a05a5a0c26634996","sha256":"a05a5a0c26634996404a5d4ff3c1e8d4908587e4e28db59613831dc9e90e3fb4"},{"fragment":"p-12343-14128-d81f4bef148ffc6d","sha256":"d81f4bef148ffc6d81315c2a1ce644560dcc38f0c92d46835ae34e58766e2d10"}],"quote_sha256":"60c35d80d04d4f8e0683681169d0c3e9c037a454e3721f54b76ba4516a6d4ea0"},"status":"recital recorded; enabling instrument not independently established here"},"scope":{"jurisdiction":null,"persons":null,"activities":null,"status":"not independently checked"},"conditions":[{"id":"condition-1","label":"The item of evidence allegedly withheld or not produced is identified","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:awais-pk-code-8080294edcd081e4","case-law:awais-pk-code-8080294edcd081e4"]},{"id":"condition-2","label":"The surrounding evidentiary circumstances are available for review","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:awais-pk-code-8080294edcd081e4","case-law:awais-pk-code-8080294edcd081e4"]}],"legal_effect":{"label":"Adverse inference considered in its evidentiary context","proposition":"The Court applied the adverse-inference principle to non-production of the alleged shopping bag in the narcotics prosecution, alongside doubts about the weight and packaging. It is not an automatic acquittal rule for every missing exhibit.","mode":"historical judgment proposition; not an automatic outcome"},"qualifications":["Non-production of an exhibit does not automatically require acquittal","The Court also considered weight and packaging doubts","This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified."],"time":{"commencement":null,"effective_from":null,"effective_to":null,"repeal":null,"current_force":null,"status":"not established"},"case_relationships":[{"relationship_id":"case-awais-pk-code-8080294edcd081e4","case_id":"ihc-awais-ca345-2023","type":"applies","binding_status":"not assessed","subsequent_treatment":"not comprehensively checked"}],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:awais-pk-code-8080294edcd081e4","case-law:awais-pk-code-8080294edcd081e4"],"review":{"relationship":"reviewed passage inherited","structured_rule":"awaiting legal review","conditions":"editorial research checklist","current_applicability":"not checked","review_date":"2026-11-04"},"rights":{"original_structure":"Original Qanun Maps implementation and editorial structure","underlying_sources":"Third-party rights retained; no ownership asserted","clearance":"not independently checked","commercial_reuse":"not established by this record"}},{"id":"rule-awais-punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab","stable_id_status":"source-bound research proposition; not a canonical rule identity","instrument_id":"punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab","instrument_title":"QANUN-E-SHAHADAT ORDER, 1984","provision":"Article 129 illustration (g)","version_id":"law:punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab:sha256:d0e15d3c2951cc1d4b6be27a4a3ac69027a668060d2aa1f2d800f0663b8f15b8","source_url":"https://punjabcode.punjab.gov.pk/en/show_article/VGFQYwU2AjU-","authority":{"note":"Historical presidential order: recital cites the Proclamation of 5 July 1977. Source edition retained separately.","evidence":{"law_id":"punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab","text_sha256":"d0e15d3c2951cc1d4b6be27a4a3ac69027a668060d2aa1f2d800f0663b8f15b8","text_version_id":"law:punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab:sha256:d0e15d3c2951cc1d4b6be27a4a3ac69027a668060d2aa1f2d800f0663b8f15b8","character_start":10175,"character_end":12039,"quote":"ers may be proved in connection with proved statement \r\nrelevant under.Article 46 or 47. \r\n155. Refreshing memory \r\n156. Testimony to facts stated in document mentioned in Article 155 \r\n157. Right of adverse party as to writing used to refresh memory \r\n158. Production of documents \r\n159. Giving, as evidence, of document called for and produced on notice \r\n160. Using, as evidence, of document production of which was refused on \r\nnotice \r\n161. Judge’s power to put questions or order production \r\nCHAPTER XI \r\nOF IMPROPER ADMISSION AND REJECTION OF EVIDENCE  \r\n162. No new trial for improper admission or rejection of evidence \r\nCHAPTER XII \r\nDECISION OF CASE ON THE BASIS OF OATH  \r\n163. Acceptance or denial of claim on oath \r\nCHAPTER XIII \r\nMISCELLANEOUS \r\n164. Production of evidence that has become available because of modern \r\ndevices, etc. \r\n165. Order to override other laws \r\n166. Repeal \r\n \r\nTEXT \r\nTHE QANUN-E-SHAHADAT, 1984 \r\nPRESIDENTS ORDER NO. 10 OF 1984 \r\n[28th October, 1984] \r\nPreamble.– WHEREAS it is expedient to revise, amend and consolidate the law of  \r\nevidence so as to bring it in conformity with the injunctions of Islam as laid down in  \r\nthe Holy Quran and Sunnah;  \r\nNOW, THEREFORE , in pursuance of the Proclamation of the fifth day of July, \r\n1977, and in  exercise of all powers enabling him in that behalf, the President is \r\npleased to make the following Order:– \r\nPART I \r\nRELEVANCY OF FACTS \r\nCHAPTER I \r\nPRELIMINARY \r\n1. Short title, extent and commencement .– (1) This order may be called the \r\nQanun-e-Shahadat, 1984. \r\n(2) It extends to the whole of Pakistan and applies to all judicial \r\nproceedings in or  before any Court, including a court martial, a tribunal or other \r\nauthority exercising judicial or quasi judicial powers or Jurisdiction, but does not \r\napply to proceedings before an arbitrator. \r\n(3) It shall ","passages":[{"fragment":"p-8845-10616-f86258c421e97e07","sha256":"f86258c421e97e075f8c5c5a25f13791d0a14585bb674b610d52479d5c9681ca"},{"fragment":"p-10616-12366-ae16640ba0bbd3b0","sha256":"ae16640ba0bbd3b0fabdd77ff06132103a03d7b901d97eb69cf3baaf34e11627"}],"quote_sha256":"942a95080fcfbb18bc453d57dd823a46ee5d9731b4b8ada64ead5e671d01111f"},"status":"recital recorded; enabling instrument not independently established here"},"scope":{"jurisdiction":null,"persons":null,"activities":null,"status":"not independently checked"},"conditions":[{"id":"condition-1","label":"The item of evidence allegedly withheld or not produced is identified","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:awais-punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab","case-law:awais-punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab"]},{"id":"condition-2","label":"The surrounding evidentiary circumstances are available for review","kind":"research_checklist","derivation":"Editorial checklist based on the mapped passage; not a complete legal test","evidence_ids":["case-quote:awais-punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab","case-law:awais-punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab"]}],"legal_effect":{"label":"Adverse inference considered in its evidentiary context","proposition":"The Court applied the adverse-inference principle to non-production of the alleged shopping bag in the narcotics prosecution, alongside doubts about the weight and packaging. It is not an automatic acquittal rule for every missing exhibit.","mode":"historical judgment proposition; not an automatic outcome"},"qualifications":["Non-production of an exhibit does not automatically require acquittal","The Court also considered weight and packaging doubts","This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. 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\r\nIslamic Republic of Pakistan, the Federal Government is pleased to make the following \r\nrules:- \r\n \r\n   \r\n","quote_sha256":"4fbbd0e3135ff69d65a4d8f1ae0ec5dc18bfbb5ea3ff4c54547a8cbe1c97b914","start":6057,"end":6250,"anchors":["/laws/pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3#p-5157-6934-81fce96498973ae8"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"statute:rob-commencement","document_id":"pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3","version_id":"law:pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3:sha256:9891101e1417c7fa89201f5f1c43111fd0c3e43eda7238611a14d7bfe6d15ef3","quote":"1. 1Title, commencement and application .--(1) These rules may be called the \r\n\"Rules of Business, 1973.\" \r\n \r\n(2) They shall come into force on the fourteenth day of August 1973. \r\n2(3) They shall also apply, mutatis mutandis, when the business of the Government \r\nis conducted through automated or digitalized applications, platforms or systems. \r\n \r\n","quote_sha256":"f06ab4f3bfbf632b30ef25b45bf6bec1f1e12b44a5c3aece797dd65deb8724cb","start":6272,"end":6625,"anchors":["/laws/pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3#p-5157-6934-81fce96498973ae8"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"statute:art90","document_id":"pk-code-30ecabb4a7ed433a","version_id":"law:pk-code-30ecabb4a7ed433a:sha256:b4c3398abc155e5d543d326f4cd2167a25f194de0e6b274f64aa5058006f705a","quote":"90. The Federal Government.__ (1) Subject to the Constitution, the executive authority of \r\nthe Federation shall be exercised in the name of the President by the Federal Government, consisting \r\nof the Prime Minister and the Federal Ministers, which shall act through the Prime Minister, who shall \r\nbe the chief executive of the Federation. \r\n (2) In the performance of his functions under the Constitution, the Prime Minister may act \r\neither directly or through the Federal Ministers.] \r\n ","quote_sha256":"f43c21a45a04fe96aacbeb3f3c41313d9cc0e26960c795bc7ca5f11157edea63","start":116483,"end":116975,"anchors":["/laws/pk-code-30ecabb4a7ed433a#p-116218-117999-97e963e875666a5b"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"statute:art99","document_id":"pk-code-30ecabb4a7ed433a","version_id":"law:pk-code-30ecabb4a7ed433a:sha256:b4c3398abc155e5d543d326f4cd2167a25f194de0e6b274f64aa5058006f705a","quote":"99. Conduct of business of Federal Government.__ (1) All executive actions of the Federal \r\nGovernment shall be expressed to be taken in the name of the President. \r\n (2) The 3[Federal Government] shall by rules specify the manner in which orders and other \r\ninstruments made and executed 3[in the name of the President] shall be authenticated, and the validity \r\nof any order or instrument so authenticated shall not be questioned in any court on the  ground that it \r\nwas not made or executed by the President. \r\n 3[(3) The Federal Government shall also make rules for the allocation and transaction of its \r\nbusiness.]] \r\n ","quote_sha256":"925c60fdc9becbc6cc61f89d44e46d25503c195c3a99fb6788c04cdf414ad74c","start":124129,"end":124755,"anchors":["/laws/pk-code-30ecabb4a7ed433a#p-123376-125160-0836f9ecbcfad956"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"statute:art205","document_id":"pk-code-30ecabb4a7ed433a","version_id":"law:pk-code-30ecabb4a7ed433a:sha256:b4c3398abc155e5d543d326f4cd2167a25f194de0e6b274f64aa5058006f705a","quote":"205. Remuneration etc., of Judges.__ The remuneration and other ter ms and conditions of \r\nservice of a Judge of 3[Federal Constitutional Court or] the Supreme Court or of a High Court shall be \r\nas provided in the Fifth Schedule. \r\n","quote_sha256":"95ddac15ecad6e661283168dbcb8d5e9399828c058053681a435a275277e3b51","start":274232,"end":274465,"anchors":["/laws/pk-code-30ecabb4a7ed433a#p-274232-275972-2fcf9addd97cd41a"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"statute:schedule5-para2","document_id":"pk-code-30ecabb4a7ed433a","version_id":"law:pk-code-30ecabb4a7ed433a:sha256:b4c3398abc155e5d543d326f4cd2167a25f194de0e6b274f64aa5058006f705a","quote":"2. Every Judge of the 1[Federal Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court] shall be entitled to \r\nsuch privileges and allowances, and to such rights in respect of leave of absence and pension, as may \r\nbe determined by the President, and until so determined, to the privileges, allowances and rights to \r\nwhich, immediately before the commencing day, the Judges of the 1[Federal Constitutional Court and \r\nthe Supreme Court] 1[**] were entitled. \r\n","quote_sha256":"512c66a8deb2077991a5f4c6a7ae26546fcad150f958bdb007349a7f782dad25","start":454169,"end":454618,"anchors":["/laws/pk-code-30ecabb4a7ed433a#p-453835-455594-79e8638f1f901b7f"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"statute:fcc-recital","document_id":"pk-code-778412418cfa5e59","version_id":"law:pk-code-778412418cfa5e59:sha256:9c5a7f685190e27dc4dadb28d1e85c6ff0e76046cef599bac0ccb1bc661493f9","quote":"[10th December, 2025] \r\nPRESIDENT’S ORDER NO. 3 OF 2025 \r\nWHEREAS paragraph 2 of the Fifth Schedule to the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan \r\nrelating to the Federal Constitutional Court provides that every Judge of the Federal Constitutional Court \r\nshall be entitled to such privileges and allowances, and to such rights in respect of leave of absence and \r\npension, as may be determined by the President; \r\nNOW THEREFORE,  in exercise of the said powers the President is pleased to make the \r\nfollowing Order: \r\nPART-I PRELIMINARY \r\n1. Short title and commencement.—(1) This order may be called the Federal Constitutional \r\nCourt Judges (Leave, Pension and Privileges) Order, 2025. \r\n(2) It shall come into force at once. \r\n","quote_sha256":"9719f2b9a1cf43510177e5244b0721aad01122e00e277ee83a3b6fd3d952f26f","start":1246,"end":1985,"anchors":["/laws/pk-code-778412418cfa5e59#p-0-1794-9b6aed9ea61efe96","/laws/pk-code-778412418cfa5e59#p-1794-3511-8981ad8f777257bd"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"statute:order-recital","document_id":"punjab-code-4caa843ad99b6d9d","version_id":"law:punjab-code-4caa843ad99b6d9d:sha256:4e4dcf430b69526d571c38c3a1be68db7742860de52f5c459490632daae4d633","quote":"[10th August, 1973]\r\nNOTIFICATION\r\nNo. SO(ECB) - Ferti - 73(1)-- In exercise of the powers conferred by Section 3 of the  \r\nPunjab Essential Articles (Control) Ordinance, 1973 (Punjab Ordinance No. VII of 1973), The  \r\nGovernor of the Punjab is pleased to make the following Order:\r\n1. Short title and commencement:-  (1) This Order may be called the Punjab Fertilizers \r\n(Control) Order, 1973.\r\n(2) It extends to the whole of the Province of the Punjab.\r\n(3) It shall come into force at once.\r\n","quote_sha256":"78eb8a92be52f04d0cb06fb9ff68c8397d18c714a6ebd38ecb8b9df153d4d56c","start":981,"end":1476,"anchors":["/laws/punjab-code-4caa843ad99b6d9d#p-0-1762-ae1974af034b4743"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"statute:oldact-repeal","document_id":"punjab-code-5c3aabdf381e86c5","version_id":"law:punjab-code-5c3aabdf381e86c5:sha256:287153d3d3c1db29fa3e56d44f036bf375f69c6b776c9d1361559886ea89bc0d","quote":"13. Repeal.– The Punjab Essential Article (Control) Ordinance, 1973  is hereby \r\nrepealed. \r\n","quote_sha256":"e30cde47ca14c5c0e1f85cceefffeadb1b329b82e1d5ba5b03c353b04435fbda","start":12040,"end":12133,"anchors":["/laws/punjab-code-5c3aabdf381e86c5#p-10634-12401-2406cc47177e4d7c"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"statute:newact-rulepower","document_id":"punjab-code-8245b6faadb9789e","version_id":"law:punjab-code-8245b6faadb9789e:sha256:fe9041b6bf524471e4b7b835f30fdb561c947ad44fc7ab239e3c97c22b6a7e00","quote":"42. Rules.– The Government may, by notification in the official Gazette, make rules  \r\nfor carrying out the purposes of the Act. \r\n","quote_sha256":"8408d2405effdb3565cf54da17fbc82dfd74c035a8a692b3190e92bb69c27e30","start":41898,"end":42029,"anchors":["/laws/punjab-code-8245b6faadb9789e#p-40650-42403-55dbfb430164bfce"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"statute:newact-repeal","document_id":"punjab-code-8245b6faadb9789e","version_id":"law:punjab-code-8245b6faadb9789e:sha256:fe9041b6bf524471e4b7b835f30fdb561c947ad44fc7ab239e3c97c22b6a7e00","quote":"46. Repeal and savings.– (1) The Punjab Fertilizers (Control) Order, 1973 (VII of \r\n1973) is hereby repealed. \r\n (2) Clause (j) of sub -section (2) of section 3 and entry No. 40 of the Schedule \r\nto the Punjab Essential Articles (Control) Act, 1973 (XVII of 1973) are hereby repealed. \r\n (3) Notwithstanding the repeal of the Punjab Fertilizers (Control) Order, 1973 \r\n(VII of 1973), any act, proceeding, action or notification passed, taken or issued under \r\nthe repealed Order and Act shall, so far as it is not inconsis tent with the provisions of the \r\nAct, be deemed to have been pa ssed, taken or issued under the  Act and shall continue \r\nto have force unless it is superseded by an y act, proceeding, action or notification under \r\nthe Act.  \r\n (4) An offence committed in relation to a fertilizer under the Punjab Essential \r\nArticles (Control) Act, 1973 (XVII of 1973), if being investigated, prosecuted or tried, shall \r\ncontinue to be investigated prosecuted or tried as if the Punjab Essential Articles \r\n(Control) Act, 1973 has not been repealed.","quote_sha256":"32d0f35ea40a3b1a8772cad1dd3949651d47d23c87870c4d08ba67553a3b5753","start":43010,"end":44070,"anchors":["/laws/punjab-code-8245b6faadb9789e#p-42403-44070-c44e18fb1f5039f0"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"case-law:mustafa-rule16","document_id":"pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3","version_id":"law:pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3:sha256:9891101e1417c7fa89201f5f1c43111fd0c3e43eda7238611a14d7bfe6d15ef3","quote":"16. Cases to be brought b efore the Cabinet.--(1)  The following cases shall be \r\nbrought before the Cabinet:- \r\n \r\n \r\n(a) proposals for legislation, official or non-official, including money bills; \r\n \r\n \r\n  (b) promulgation and revocation of Ordinances; \r\n \r\n \r\n(c) the budgetary position and proposals before the presentation of an \r\nAnnual Budget Statement and a Supplementary Budget Statement or \r\nan Excess Budget Statement under Articles 80 and 84; \r\n \r\n(d) proposals for levy, abolition, remission, alteration or regulation of any \r\ntax and floatation of loans; \r\n \r\n \r\n(e) a reference to the Supreme Court for advice on a question of law under \r\nclause (1) of Article 186; \r\n \r\n(f) generation of electricity and laying of inter -provincial transmission \r\nlines; \r\n \r\n(g) omitted vide S.R.O 368(1)/2010 dated 1st June, 2010;  \r\n \r\n1(h) proposals for signing of negotiated instruments with foreign countries \r\nand approval for ratification of the instruments: \r\n \r\n Provided that all proposals for initiation of negotiation and for entering into any \r\ncultural or other agreements with any foreign government shall, in the first instance, be \r\napproved in principle by Minister-in-Charge of the Division concerned and actual \r\nnegotiations shall be initiated only after such approval: \r\n \r\n Provided further that decisions regarding the composition of all delegations, except \r\nthose for which important briefs are required, to attend meetings of international bodies may \r\nbe taken by mutual consultation between the Minister and the Minister for Fin ance, but the \r\napproval of the Prime Minister  shall be obtained-- \r\n \r\n(i) where the delegation is sponsored by a Division under the direct \r\ncharge of the Prime Minister or a Division or Divisions under the \r\ncharge of the Minister for Finance; or \r\n \r\n                                                           \r\n1 Substituted vide SRO 910 (1)/2017 dated 8-9-2017(F.No.4-2/2016-Min-I) \r\n \r\n 16 \r\n  (ii) where a Minister is proposed to be included in the delegation: \r\n \r\n Provided further that a decision regarding the opening of an honorary consulate \r\nabroad may be taken by the Foreign Affairs Division in consultation with the Commerce \r\nDivision. \r\n \r\n(i) important reports and documents required to be laid before the  \r\n            Assembly or Senate; \r\n \r\n \r\n1(j) cases involving a significant impact on political, economic and \r\nadministrative policies; \r\n \r\n Note.- Cases of this nature shall first be brought to the notice of the \r\nPrime Minister by the Minister -in-Charge. The Prime Minister will \r\ndecide whether any such case should be brought before the Cabinet. \r\n \r\n \r\n(k) case which the Minister -in-Charge considers important enough for \r\ndiscussion in the Cabinet; \r\n \r\n (l) other cases required to be referred to the Cabinet under the   \r\n  provisions of these rules;  \r\n \r\n(m) any case desired by the Prime Ministe r to be referred to the Cabinet; \r\nand \r\n \r\n2(n) appointments required to be made by the Government under any law \r\nfor the time being in force. \r\n \r\n \r\n (2) Omitted vide S.R.O 623(I)/2021 (F.No.4-11/2019-Min-I), dated 27.5.2021. \r\n ","quote_sha256":"103aa43647e4adf387b41dbd33d1e689bf6a96223205d92d5c6f38b792dd950f","start":39022,"end":42156,"anchors":["/laws/pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3#p-38869-40654-2c0bfe33c13aaec6","/laws/pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3#p-40654-42441-54dd7aa03c8ea671"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"case-quote:mustafa-rule16","document_id":"judgment:sc-mustafa-impex-ca1428-2016","version_id":"judgment:sc-mustafa-impex-ca1428-2016:sha256:76db17cab82bc675b96c63bc57f3e32f102a66e97106f86a34622f105770cecd","quote":"44. \n \nRule 16 is an important rule and, insofar as material, is \nreproduced below:- \n \n“16. Cases to be brought before Cabinet. – (1) The following \ncases shall be brought before the Cabinet :- \n \n(a) proposals for legislation, official or non-official, including \nmoney bills; \n(b) promulgation and revocation of Ordinances; \n(c) the budgetary position and proposals before the \npresentation of the Annual Budget Statement and a \nSupplementary Budget Statement or an Excess budget \nStatement under articles 80 and 84. \n(d) Proposals for levy, abolition, remission, alteration or \nregulation of any tax and floatation of loans;  \n(e)  to (m) \n \n(2) \nNotwithstanding the provisions of sub-rule (1), the \nPrime Minister may in any case give directions as to the \nmanner of its disposal without prior reference to the Cabinet.”  \n \nC.As.1428 to 1436 of 2016 \n-: 39 :-\n \nIt will be noted, and this is relevant for purposes of the present \nmatter, that it is mandatory to bring any proposal for the levy, abolition, \nremission, alteration or regulation of any tax to the Cabinet. Whilst it is \nno doubt true that the Prime Minister has been given discretionary power \nin the matter it is clear that the exercise thereof is circumscribed by the \nfollowing conditions: \n(i) \nThere must be a conscious application of mind by the Prime \nMinister to the existing circumstances justifying the need for \nthis departure through passing of a reasoned and formal \norder prior to the action taken, and \n(ii) \nMore critically, and definitively, a determination whether the \nconstitutional provisions justify such a departure? This is a \nmatter which we will examine infra.  \n \n \nWe note that, ex facie, this Rule has been violated by the Finance \nDivision in issuing the impugned notification merely on the basis of the \napproval of the Secretary and the Advisor. This is a matter we will further \ndiscuss at a later stage in this judgment, when we will also consider the \nquestion of the constitutionality of Rule 16(2).   \n","quote_sha256":"76df0a8bf5117a902fb2b8632bc74c40976e2b4223219a88b9c435088aa29eca","start":68555,"end":70564,"anchors":["https://huggingface.co/datasets/Ibtehaj10/supreme-court-of-pak-judgments"],"pinpoint":"Paragraph 44, printed pages 38–39","check":"Previously reviewed passage; excerpt digest checked in this build","full_text_rechecked":false},{"id":"case-law:mustafa-rule16-invalidity","document_id":"pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3","version_id":"law:pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3:sha256:9891101e1417c7fa89201f5f1c43111fd0c3e43eda7238611a14d7bfe6d15ef3","quote":"16. Cases to be brought b efore the Cabinet.--(1)  The following cases shall be \r\nbrought before the Cabinet:- \r\n \r\n \r\n(a) proposals for legislation, official or non-official, including money bills; \r\n \r\n \r\n  (b) promulgation and revocation of Ordinances; \r\n \r\n \r\n(c) the budgetary position and proposals before the presentation of an \r\nAnnual Budget Statement and a Supplementary Budget Statement or \r\nan Excess Budget Statement under Articles 80 and 84; \r\n \r\n(d) proposals for levy, abolition, remission, alteration or regulation of any \r\ntax and floatation of loans; \r\n \r\n \r\n(e) a reference to the Supreme Court for advice on a question of law under \r\nclause (1) of Article 186; \r\n \r\n(f) generation of electricity and laying of inter -provincial transmission \r\nlines; \r\n \r\n(g) omitted vide S.R.O 368(1)/2010 dated 1st June, 2010;  \r\n \r\n1(h) proposals for signing of negotiated instruments with foreign countries \r\nand approval for ratification of the instruments: \r\n \r\n Provided that all proposals for initiation of negotiation and for entering into any \r\ncultural or other agreements with any foreign government shall, in the first instance, be \r\napproved in principle by Minister-in-Charge of the Division concerned and actual \r\nnegotiations shall be initiated only after such approval: \r\n \r\n Provided further that decisions regarding the composition of all delegations, except \r\nthose for which important briefs are required, to attend meetings of international bodies may \r\nbe taken by mutual consultation between the Minister and the Minister for Fin ance, but the \r\napproval of the Prime Minister  shall be obtained-- \r\n \r\n(i) where the delegation is sponsored by a Division under the direct \r\ncharge of the Prime Minister or a Division or Divisions under the \r\ncharge of the Minister for Finance; or \r\n \r\n                                                           \r\n1 Substituted vide SRO 910 (1)/2017 dated 8-9-2017(F.No.4-2/2016-Min-I) \r\n \r\n 16 \r\n  (ii) where a Minister is proposed to be included in the delegation: \r\n \r\n Provided further that a decision regarding the opening of an honorary consulate \r\nabroad may be taken by the Foreign Affairs Division in consultation with the Commerce \r\nDivision. \r\n \r\n(i) important reports and documents required to be laid before the  \r\n            Assembly or Senate; \r\n \r\n \r\n1(j) cases involving a significant impact on political, economic and \r\nadministrative policies; \r\n \r\n Note.- Cases of this nature shall first be brought to the notice of the \r\nPrime Minister by the Minister -in-Charge. The Prime Minister will \r\ndecide whether any such case should be brought before the Cabinet. \r\n \r\n \r\n(k) case which the Minister -in-Charge considers important enough for \r\ndiscussion in the Cabinet; \r\n \r\n (l) other cases required to be referred to the Cabinet under the   \r\n  provisions of these rules;  \r\n \r\n(m) any case desired by the Prime Ministe r to be referred to the Cabinet; \r\nand \r\n \r\n2(n) appointments required to be made by the Government under any law \r\nfor the time being in force. \r\n \r\n \r\n (2) Omitted vide S.R.O 623(I)/2021 (F.No.4-11/2019-Min-I), dated 27.5.2021. \r\n ","quote_sha256":"103aa43647e4adf387b41dbd33d1e689bf6a96223205d92d5c6f38b792dd950f","start":39022,"end":42156,"anchors":["/laws/pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3#p-38869-40654-2c0bfe33c13aaec6","/laws/pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3#p-40654-42441-54dd7aa03c8ea671"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"case-quote:mustafa-rule16-invalidity","document_id":"judgment:sc-mustafa-impex-ca1428-2016","version_id":"judgment:sc-mustafa-impex-ca1428-2016:sha256:76db17cab82bc675b96c63bc57f3e32f102a66e97106f86a34622f105770cecd","quote":"(vi) \nRule 16(2) which apparently enables the Prime Minister to \nbypass the Cabinet is ultra vires and is so declared.  \n","quote_sha256":"0dd1d104b3c91c4df9270976f70b54ef4e387d79e7949177c1bfd38b9f477fa0","start":147038,"end":147159,"anchors":["https://huggingface.co/datasets/Ibtehaj10/supreme-court-of-pak-judgments"],"pinpoint":"Paragraph 84(vi), printed page 79","check":"Previously reviewed passage; excerpt digest checked in this build","full_text_rechecked":false},{"id":"case-law:farrukh-rule4-6","document_id":"pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3","version_id":"law:pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3:sha256:9891101e1417c7fa89201f5f1c43111fd0c3e43eda7238611a14d7bfe6d15ef3","quote":"(6) There may be a Special Assistant or Special Assistants to the Prime Minister \r\nwith such status and functions as may be determined by the Prime Minister.","quote_sha256":"e0bcbf1bc1eb5cbba839709f1aef7576d81894778d046861cc8ba0427bc34610","start":12545,"end":12702,"anchors":["/laws/pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3#p-12192-13987-574d004def9708c1"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"case-quote:farrukh-rule4-6","document_id":"judgment:ihc-farrukh-wp1-2020","version_id":"judgment:ihc-farrukh-wp1-2020:sha256:9ea35a5537c6f0f4b842cd172346c873616b86f8129225a7cc0242a2bd50a54e","quote":"16.  \nThe upshot of the above discussion of the law is that Rule 4(6) of the \nRules of Business, 1973, which provides for appointment of Special Assistant to \nthe Prime Minister is not in violation of any provision of the Constitution, \nhowever, the Special Assistant to the Prime Minister is not a Minister of State or \na Federal Minister but only enjoys the status for the purposes of perks and \nprivileges. He cannot address the parliament nor has any executive authority \nvested in him. He also is not a Member of the Cabinet and cannot take part in \nthe proceedings of the same. \n17.  \nThe Advisor to the Prime Minister is a constitutional post, there can \nbe maximum of five Advisors to the Prime Minister and again the conferring of \nstatus of Federal Minister on the Advisor to the Prime Minister is only for the \npurposes of perks and privileges and does not make the Advisor a Federal \nMinister as such. An Advisor to the Prime Minister is not Member of the Cabinet \nand cannot participate in the proceedings, hence he can also not be a Member or \neven chair the Committee of the Cabinet. He can address the parliament but \ncannot participate in the voting process.\n\n-23-  \n    Writ Petition No.01 of 2020 \n \n \n  Writ Petition No.1870 of 2020 \n18.  \nFor what has been stated above, Writ Petition No.01 of 2020 is \nwithout merit and is accordingly dismissed. However, Writ Petition No.1870 of \n2020 is allowed and notification dated 25.04.2019 appointing respondents No.4 \nto 6 as Chairman and Members of the Committee of Cabinet on privatization is \nset-aside.  \n \n   ","quote_sha256":"dcf1a4f09bd6615a17d42022bce1367ed2727e37fe7acfb33ec2d1109aaeebdc","start":52655,"end":54233,"anchors":["https://mis.ihc.gov.pk/attachments/judgements/111896/1/Writ-Petition-01-2020__________________________637430267374299255.pdf"],"pinpoint":"Paragraphs 16–18, printed pages 22–23","check":"Previously reviewed passage; excerpt digest checked in this build","full_text_rechecked":false},{"id":"case-law:haji-rehman-pk-code-a3869310f6800995","document_id":"pk-code-a3869310f6800995","version_id":"law:pk-code-a3869310f6800995:sha256:6d22f0fe24d013fc2b4da493669b123c1b36d55bca69b892c2b7f060af8d68e7","quote":"155. Penalty for certain types of misconduct by police officers.—(1) Any police officer who— \r\n(a)  makes for obtaining release from service as police officer, a false statement or a \r\nstatement which is misleading in material particulars or uses a false document \r\nfor the purpose; \r\n(b)  is guilty of cowardice, or being a police officer of junior rank, resigns his office or \r\nwithdraws himself from duties without permission; \r\n(c)  is guilty of any wilful breach or neglect of any provision of law or of any rule or \r\nregulation or any order which he is bound to observe or obey; \r\n(d)  is guilty of any violation of duty; \r\n(e)  is found in a state of intoxication, while on duty; \r\n(f)  malingers or feigns or voluntarily causes hurt to himself with the intention to render \r\nhimself unfit for duty; \r\n(g)  is grossly insubordinate to his superior officer or uses criminal force against a \r\nsuperior officer; or \r\n(h)  engages himself or participates in any demonstration, procession or strike or resorts \r\nto or in any way abets any form of strike or coercion or physical duress to force any \r\nauthority to concede anything, \r\nshall, on conviction, for every such offence be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend \r\nto three years and with fine. \r\n \r\nPage 59 of 67 \r\n \r\n (2) Prosecution under this Article shall require a report on writing by an officer authorized in this \r\nbehalf under the rules. \r\n ","quote_sha256":"5ef6b20578ac1c85c74c8d6921234a1971a5928c6897270d551a7012c21969e3","start":136464,"end":137890,"anchors":["/laws/pk-code-a3869310f6800995#p-135370-137153-aef08f3e00e4f4dd","/laws/pk-code-a3869310f6800995#p-137153-138937-3834cde488f25a5c"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"case-quote:haji-rehman-pk-code-a3869310f6800995","document_id":"judgment:phc-haji-rehman-wp8b-2012","version_id":"judgment:phc-haji-rehman-wp8b-2012:sha256:c3db6f3e53f94f8ac3d54bbd7ba0085f9513fe1fc1237011f569d4002056e4af","quote":"5. The proposition to be resolved in the instant petition is that; whether the offence under\nArticle 155 of Police Order, 2002 is cognizable or otherwise? The main reliance of learned\ncounsel for the petitioner was on Article 153 of ibid Order, by virtue of which certain offences\nhave been declared as cognizable, which does not include Article 155, hence it according to him,\nwould be non-cognizable. The proposition advanced by the learned counsel is misconceived.\nChapter XVI of Police Order, 2002, comprising Articles 148 to 152 are offences relating to the\npublic and these offences have been made cognizable by virtue of Article 153 of the Police\nOrder 2002. In pursuance of Article 154 of ibid Order these offences are summarily triable by\nthe competent Court, as provided for summery trial in Criminal Procedure Code. The\npunishments provided in Articles 148, 149, 150 and 152 are minor in nature as of imprisonment\nof six months or/and three months along with fine, which in normal course, would have been\nnon-cognizable offences, except Article 151, which entails punishment of three years. But the\nlegislature has made it cognizable, despite of having lesser punishment by inserting special\nclause of Article 153 in the ibid Order. On the other hand Chapter XVII of Police Order\nspecifically deals with the punishment provided for police officers, relating to the offences of\ntheir omissions or commissions, during the discharge of their official duties. Article 155 entails\npunishment of three years for which there is no specific express provision in Police Order 2002,\nthat it is a non-cognizable offence. In such situation recourse would be made to the general law\nof Criminal Procedure Code, 1898. Section 4(f) of the Code, defines the cognizable offence or\ncognizable case, according to which the offence or case in which a police officer may arrest the\naccused without warrant in accordance with IInd Schedule of the Code is a cognizable offence or\na cognizable case. Under the head of \"OFFENCES AGAINST OTHER LAWS\" it is provided in\nthe IInd Schedule of the Code that police officer may arrest the accused without warrant in an\noffence, which is punishable with imprisonment for three years or upward and has also been\nmade non-bailable, except section 13 of Arms Ordinance, 1965. There is no such exception\nprovided in the Code or in the Police Order, 2002 for an offence punishable under Article 155 of\nthe Police Order. In view of this legal perspective, it is a cognizable offence and F.I.R has rightly\nand legitimately been registered, in pursuance of section 154, Cr.P.C.\n6. There is no cavil with the proposition that in non-cognizable cases/offences, the only\ncourse open for the police, by virtue of section 155, Cr.P.C., is to obtain permission of\nMagistrate after making entry in the concerned book and then investigate the case. Neither the\npolice officer can register the case under section 154, Cr.P.C. in a non-cognizable offence nor\ncan arrest the accused without warrant. As offence under Article 155 Police Order 2002 is a\ncognizable one, so F.I.R. has rightly been registered, to which no exception can be taken.\n7. For what has been discussed above, this petition being devoid of merits, is hereby\ndismissed.\n","quote_sha256":"d89f2471a8cda1354f5f913db5d6b74812cb2f90cdb5fcfde987e4dda0df3e0e","start":4223,"end":7472,"anchors":["https://www.peshawarhighcourt.gov.pk/PHCCMS/judgments/25-2012-PCrLJ-1526.pdf"],"pinpoint":"Judgment paragraphs 5–7","check":"Previously reviewed passage; excerpt digest checked in this build","full_text_rechecked":false},{"id":"case-law:haji-rehman-punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1","document_id":"punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1","version_id":"law:punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1:sha256:ce3348f13d00ba1721800d9acf9522f9e14844da5914843c622d2118941675cb","quote":"155.  Penalty  for  certain  types  of  misconduct  by  police  officers.– (1)  Any \r\npolice officer who– \r\n(a)  makes  for  obtaining  release  from  service  as  police  officer,  a  \r\nfalse statement or a statem ent which is mis leading in material \r\nparticulars or uses a false document for the purpose; \r\n(b)  is guilty of cowardice, or being a police officer of junior rank, resigns \r\nhis office or withdraws himself from duties without permission; \r\n(c)  is guilty of any wilful breach or neglect of any provision of law or of \r\nany rule or regulation or any order which he is bound to observe or \r\nobey; \r\n(d)  is guilty of any violation of duty; \r\n(e)  is found in a state of intoxication, while on duty; \r\n(f)  malingers  or  feigns  or  voluntarily  causes  hurt  to  himself  with  \r\nthe intention to render himself unfit for duty; \r\n(g)  is grossly insubordinate  to his superior officer or uses criminal \r\nforce against a  superior officer; or \r\n(h)  engages  himself  or participates  in any demonstration,  procession  \r\nor strike or resorts to or in any way abets any form of strike or coercion \r\nor physical duress to force any authority to concede anything, shall, \r\non conviction, for every such offence be punished with imprisonment \r\nfor a term which may extend to three years and with fine. \r\n(2)  Prosecution under this Article shall require a report on writing by \r\nan officer authorized in this behalf under the rules. \r\n","quote_sha256":"78b10e08294feb307362ddbc5416a7b3d3b52d5dc9bd58b5dde02f57401e7eaf","start":166992,"end":168439,"anchors":["/laws/punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1#p-165569-167302-bd0232d0aceafa3b","/laws/punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1#p-167302-169083-e468c0f23b5f3bad"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"case-quote:haji-rehman-punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1","document_id":"judgment:phc-haji-rehman-wp8b-2012","version_id":"judgment:phc-haji-rehman-wp8b-2012:sha256:c3db6f3e53f94f8ac3d54bbd7ba0085f9513fe1fc1237011f569d4002056e4af","quote":"5. The proposition to be resolved in the instant petition is that; whether the offence under\nArticle 155 of Police Order, 2002 is cognizable or otherwise? The main reliance of learned\ncounsel for the petitioner was on Article 153 of ibid Order, by virtue of which certain offences\nhave been declared as cognizable, which does not include Article 155, hence it according to him,\nwould be non-cognizable. The proposition advanced by the learned counsel is misconceived.\nChapter XVI of Police Order, 2002, comprising Articles 148 to 152 are offences relating to the\npublic and these offences have been made cognizable by virtue of Article 153 of the Police\nOrder 2002. In pursuance of Article 154 of ibid Order these offences are summarily triable by\nthe competent Court, as provided for summery trial in Criminal Procedure Code. The\npunishments provided in Articles 148, 149, 150 and 152 are minor in nature as of imprisonment\nof six months or/and three months along with fine, which in normal course, would have been\nnon-cognizable offences, except Article 151, which entails punishment of three years. But the\nlegislature has made it cognizable, despite of having lesser punishment by inserting special\nclause of Article 153 in the ibid Order. On the other hand Chapter XVII of Police Order\nspecifically deals with the punishment provided for police officers, relating to the offences of\ntheir omissions or commissions, during the discharge of their official duties. Article 155 entails\npunishment of three years for which there is no specific express provision in Police Order 2002,\nthat it is a non-cognizable offence. In such situation recourse would be made to the general law\nof Criminal Procedure Code, 1898. Section 4(f) of the Code, defines the cognizable offence or\ncognizable case, according to which the offence or case in which a police officer may arrest the\naccused without warrant in accordance with IInd Schedule of the Code is a cognizable offence or\na cognizable case. Under the head of \"OFFENCES AGAINST OTHER LAWS\" it is provided in\nthe IInd Schedule of the Code that police officer may arrest the accused without warrant in an\noffence, which is punishable with imprisonment for three years or upward and has also been\nmade non-bailable, except section 13 of Arms Ordinance, 1965. There is no such exception\nprovided in the Code or in the Police Order, 2002 for an offence punishable under Article 155 of\nthe Police Order. In view of this legal perspective, it is a cognizable offence and F.I.R has rightly\nand legitimately been registered, in pursuance of section 154, Cr.P.C.\n6. There is no cavil with the proposition that in non-cognizable cases/offences, the only\ncourse open for the police, by virtue of section 155, Cr.P.C., is to obtain permission of\nMagistrate after making entry in the concerned book and then investigate the case. Neither the\npolice officer can register the case under section 154, Cr.P.C. in a non-cognizable offence nor\ncan arrest the accused without warrant. As offence under Article 155 Police Order 2002 is a\ncognizable one, so F.I.R. has rightly been registered, to which no exception can be taken.\n7. For what has been discussed above, this petition being devoid of merits, is hereby\ndismissed.\n","quote_sha256":"d89f2471a8cda1354f5f913db5d6b74812cb2f90cdb5fcfde987e4dda0df3e0e","start":4223,"end":7472,"anchors":["https://www.peshawarhighcourt.gov.pk/PHCCMS/judgments/25-2012-PCrLJ-1526.pdf"],"pinpoint":"Judgment paragraphs 5–7","check":"Previously reviewed passage; excerpt digest checked in this build","full_text_rechecked":false},{"id":"case-law:shahjehan-pk-code-2b63161559568b20","document_id":"pk-code-2b63161559568b20","version_id":"law:pk-code-2b63161559568b20:sha256:4552b4a684aaf6b1d9279ccb53a8dd76c5878f66a0fea56e852b74ab57b66349","quote":"3. Prohibition of manufacture, etc., of intoxicants: (1) Subject to the provisions of Clause \r\n(2) whoever:— \r\n \r\n(a) imports, exports, transports, manufactures or processes any intoxicant; or \r\n \r\n(b) bottles any intoxicant; or \r\n \r\n(c) sells or serves any intoxicant; or \r\n \r\n(d) allows any of the acts aforesaid upon premises owned by him or his immediate \r\npossession; \r\n \r\nShall be punishable with imprisonment of other description f or a term which may extend to five \r\nyears and with whipping not exceeding thirty stripes, and shall be also be liable to fine. \r\n \r\n 2[(2) Whoever— \r\n \r\n(i) Import, exports, transports manufacture s, or traflic s in, opium or coca leaf or \r\ncoca derivatives; or \r\n \r\n(ii) finances the import, export, transport, manufacture, or traflicking of, opium or \r\ncoca leaf or opium or coca derivatives; \r\n \r\n1Re-numbered and subs. by the Prohibition (Enforcement of Hadd) (Amdt.) Order, 1983 (P.O 12 of 1983), Art, 2. \r\n2Added and subs., ibid., Art. 3. \r\n \r\n \r\nPage 5 of 12 \r\n \r\nshall be punishable with imprisonment for life or with imprisonment which is not less than two years \r\nand with whipping not exceeding thirty stripes, and shall also be liable to fine.] \r\n \r\n","quote_sha256":"6cc85b5a56411e49036f4776ace00bffba15e54c117a44749ceaa9216a9f006a","start":5107,"end":6309,"anchors":["/laws/pk-code-2b63161559568b20#p-3507-5305-6db65c366775b082","/laws/pk-code-2b63161559568b20#p-5305-7019-aa725ce97b13a0b1"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"case-quote:shahjehan-pk-code-2b63161559568b20","document_id":"judgment:phc-shahjehan-ca84-2011","version_id":"judgment:phc-shahjehan-ca84-2011:sha256:67a0aa52b1bba228cbf26855d17cac0e3c5ed25ed82f63937f9f4f8a0c31a6b5","quote":"8. The word 'sale' is not to be taken in its ordinary dictionary meaning or as is being used in\nthe common parlance but carries with it its meaningful legal connotation as held by the\nhonourable Federal Shariat Court in 1996 PCr.LJ 1787 (b):--\n\"Article 3(c) ---Charge of selling intoxicant---Proof---Prosecution for the purpose of proving the\ncharge of selling intoxicant is bound to produce the purchaser, the currency used for the purchase\nand the purchased intoxicants and if any of the three factors is missing then sale would not be\nproved.\"\nSuch being the case, I am afraid, Article 3 of Prohibition (Enforcement of Hadd) Order, 1979 is\nnot attracted in the present case. Moreover, the statements of the P.Ws. have also been found to\nbe inconsistent, contradictory inter se and incoherent.\n9. It was the bounden duty of the prosecution to have exhibited the F.S.L report pertaining\nto the recovery of the alleged charras so as to confront the appellant with the same and to have\nprovided him with an opportunity to subject it to cross-examination but for reasons best known\nto the prosecution, the same was never exhibited and for that matter, was not even available at\nthe time of recording of the statement by P.W.2 Muhammad Nawaz S.H.O., Police Station Cantt.\nD.I.Khan on 12-7-2011 who in a frank and candid manner admitted that:--\n\"It is correct that at present there is no FSL report available on the judicial file. However, I have\nsent the sample for the chemical analysis vides my application dated 31-3-2011.\"\nThus, in a situation, where the F.S.L report was neither exhibited nor any question put to the\nappellant regarding the same in his statement under section 342, Cr.P.C, the case of the\nprosecution shrouded in mysteries and doubts and the beneficiary can be none other but the\nappellant. Such recovery cannot be used against the appellant for holding him guilty of the\noffence. Reliance placed on 2010 SCMR 1009, head notes \"d\" and \"e\".\n","quote_sha256":"ee4b69415b823332e708348db131c1b4c13b2f768b9615d315f643aed2916e25","start":5553,"end":7512,"anchors":["https://www.peshawarhighcourt.gov.pk/PHCCMS/judgments/02-2012-YLR-311.pdf"],"pinpoint":"Judgment paragraphs 8–9","check":"Previously reviewed passage; excerpt digest checked in this build","full_text_rechecked":false},{"id":"case-law:shahjehan-punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77","document_id":"punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77","version_id":"law:punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77:sha256:589b503e05571b86368705a94348559dd587f689c3a584426ca030f56658930b","quote":"3.  Prohibition of manufacture , etc, of intoxicants .– \r\n1\r\n[(1)  Subject to the \r\nprovisions of clause (2) whoever \r\n(a)  Imports, exports, transports, manufactures or processes any intoxicant; \r\nor \r\n(b)  Bottles any intoxicant; or \r\n(c)  Sells or serves any intoxicant; or \r\n(d)  allows any of the acts aforesaid upon premises owned by him or in his \r\nimmediate possession; \r\nShall be punishable with imprisonment of either description for a term which \r\nmay extend to five years and with whipping not exceeding thirty stripes, and \r\nshall also be liable to fine.] \r\n2\r\n[(2) Whoever– \r\n(i)  imports, exports, transports, manufactures, or traffics i n, opium or coca \r\nleaf or opium or coca derivatives, or \r\n(ii)  Finances the import, export, transport, manufacture, or trafficking of, \r\nopium or coca leaf or opium or coca derivatives; \r\nShall be punishable with imprisonment for life or with imprisonment which is \r\nnot less than two years and with whipping not exceeding thirty stripes, and shall also \r\nbe liable to fine] \r\n                                                           \r\n1Inserted by Prohibition (Enforcement of Hadd) (Amendment) Order, 1983 (P.O. No. 12 of 1983) \r\n2Ibid. \r\n","quote_sha256":"cb3520c1a446b86f91b6b6f4b2f8ab54726a86fa5e76eaf9f087acb372882d82","start":4870,"end":6067,"anchors":["/laws/punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77#p-3545-5329-80b356182bab451f","/laws/punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77#p-5329-7115-960cda37d17aa203"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"case-quote:shahjehan-punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77","document_id":"judgment:phc-shahjehan-ca84-2011","version_id":"judgment:phc-shahjehan-ca84-2011:sha256:67a0aa52b1bba228cbf26855d17cac0e3c5ed25ed82f63937f9f4f8a0c31a6b5","quote":"8. The word 'sale' is not to be taken in its ordinary dictionary meaning or as is being used in\nthe common parlance but carries with it its meaningful legal connotation as held by the\nhonourable Federal Shariat Court in 1996 PCr.LJ 1787 (b):--\n\"Article 3(c) ---Charge of selling intoxicant---Proof---Prosecution for the purpose of proving the\ncharge of selling intoxicant is bound to produce the purchaser, the currency used for the purchase\nand the purchased intoxicants and if any of the three factors is missing then sale would not be\nproved.\"\nSuch being the case, I am afraid, Article 3 of Prohibition (Enforcement of Hadd) Order, 1979 is\nnot attracted in the present case. Moreover, the statements of the P.Ws. have also been found to\nbe inconsistent, contradictory inter se and incoherent.\n9. It was the bounden duty of the prosecution to have exhibited the F.S.L report pertaining\nto the recovery of the alleged charras so as to confront the appellant with the same and to have\nprovided him with an opportunity to subject it to cross-examination but for reasons best known\nto the prosecution, the same was never exhibited and for that matter, was not even available at\nthe time of recording of the statement by P.W.2 Muhammad Nawaz S.H.O., Police Station Cantt.\nD.I.Khan on 12-7-2011 who in a frank and candid manner admitted that:--\n\"It is correct that at present there is no FSL report available on the judicial file. However, I have\nsent the sample for the chemical analysis vides my application dated 31-3-2011.\"\nThus, in a situation, where the F.S.L report was neither exhibited nor any question put to the\nappellant regarding the same in his statement under section 342, Cr.P.C, the case of the\nprosecution shrouded in mysteries and doubts and the beneficiary can be none other but the\nappellant. Such recovery cannot be used against the appellant for holding him guilty of the\noffence. Reliance placed on 2010 SCMR 1009, head notes \"d\" and \"e\".\n","quote_sha256":"ee4b69415b823332e708348db131c1b4c13b2f768b9615d315f643aed2916e25","start":5553,"end":7512,"anchors":["https://www.peshawarhighcourt.gov.pk/PHCCMS/judgments/02-2012-YLR-311.pdf"],"pinpoint":"Judgment paragraphs 8–9","check":"Previously reviewed passage; excerpt digest checked in this build","full_text_rechecked":false},{"id":"case-law:awais-pk-code-8080294edcd081e4","document_id":"pk-code-8080294edcd081e4","version_id":"law:pk-code-8080294edcd081e4:sha256:5ce43f10ab3749bc6aa8780e7dbe51b2831c5a282bc0d4feb651a72db12996af","quote":"129. Court may presume existence of certain facts.— The Court may presume the existence \r\nof any fact which it thinks likely to have happened, regard being had to the common course of natural \r\nevents, human conduct and public and private business, in their rel ation to the facts of the particular \r\ncase. \r\n \r\nIllustrations \r\n \r\nThe Court may presume— \r\n \r\n(a)  that a man who is in possession of stolen goods soon after the theft is either the \r\nthief or has received the goods knowing them to be stolen, unless he can account \r\nfor his possession ; \r\n \r\n(b)  that an accomplice is unworthy of credit, unless he is corroborated in material \r\nparticulars ; \r\n \r\n(c) that a bill of exchange, accepted or endorsed, was accepted or endorsed for good \r\nconsideration ; \r\n \r\n(d)  that a thing or state of things which has been shown to be in existence within a \r\nperiod shorter than that within which such things or states of things usually \r\ncease to exist, is still in existence ; \r\n \r\n(e)  that judicial and official acts have been regularly performed ; \r\n \r\n(f)  that the common course of business has been followed in particular cases; \r\n \r\n(g)  that evidence which could be and is not produced would, if produced, be \r\nunfavourable to the person who withholds it ; \r\n \r\n(h)  that, if a man refuses to answer a question which he is not compelled to answer \r\nby law, the answer, if given, would be unfavourable to him; \r\n \r\nPage 56 of 65 \r\n \r\n(i)  that when a document creating an obligation is in the hands of the obligor, the \r\nobligation has been discharged. \r\n \r\nBut the Court shall also have regard to such facts as the following, in considering whether such \r\nmaxims do or do not apply to the particular case before it; \r\n \r\nas to illustration (a).—a shopkeeper has in his till marked rupee soon after it was  stolen, and \r\ncannot account for its possession specifically, but is continually receiving rupees in the course \r\nof his business; \r\n \r\nas to illustration (b).—A, person of the highest character, is tried for causing a man’s death by \r\nan act of negligence in arranging certain machinery, B, a person of equally good character, who \r\nalso took part in the arrangement, describes precisely what was done, and admits and explains \r\nthe common carelessness of A and himself ; \r\n \r\nas to illustration (b). —a crime is committed by several persons.  A, B and C, three  of the \r\ncriminals, are captured on the shop and kept apart from each other. Each gives an account of \r\nthe crime implicating D, and the accounts corroborate each other in such a manner as to render \r\nprevious concert highly improbable; \r\n \r\nas to  illustration (c). —A, the drawer of a bill of exchange, was a man of business.  B, the \r\nacceptor, was a young and ignorant person, completely under A’s influence; \r\n \r\nas to illustration (d).— It is proved that a river ran in a certain course five years  ago, but it is \r\nknown that there have been floods since that time which might change its course ; \r\n \r\nas to illustration (e).—a judicial act, the regularity of which is in question, was performed under \r\nexceptional circumstances ; \r\n \r\nas to illustration (f).—the question is, whether a letter was received. It is shown to  have been \r\nposted, but the usual course of the post was Interrupted by disturbances; \r\n \r\nas to illustration (g). —a man refuses to produce a document which would bear on  a contract \r\nof small importance on which he is sued, but which might also injure the feelings and reputation \r\nof his family; \r\n \r\nas to illustration (h). —a man refuses to answer a question which he is not  compelled by law \r\nto answer, but the answer to it might cause loss to him in matters unconnected with the matter \r\nin relation to which it is asked ; \r\n \r\nas to illustration (i).— a bond is in possession of the obligor, but the circumstances of the case \r\nare such that he may have stolen it. \r\n \r\nCHAPTER X \r\n \r\nOF THE EXAMINATION OF WITNESS \r\n \r\n","quote_sha256":"ba15537b0c74e86397ac9357ca4222324e06eaf2f072e392f2473174e1b3bda4","start":131839,"end":135783,"anchors":["/laws/pk-code-8080294edcd081e4#p-131839-133571-0a4825e952637852","/laws/pk-code-8080294edcd081e4#p-133571-135357-3fc4a7b2ac8e9993","/laws/pk-code-8080294edcd081e4#p-135357-137140-05974bd5abdb087f"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"case-quote:awais-pk-code-8080294edcd081e4","document_id":"judgment:ihc-awais-ca345-2023","version_id":"judgment:ihc-awais-ca345-2023:sha256:b3d317c35cbfa39e0c5ade5f251548c0b107daefa270f05cf04091e5bd8efcd7","quote":"Such aspect is to be \nconsidered in light of broader principles, where case property was not produced \nCrl. Appeal No.345/2023 & Jail Appeal No.353/2023 \n \n6 \n \nbefore the trial court as held in 2012 SCMR 577 (Amjad Ali Vs. State), 2017 \nP.Cr.L.J [Lahore] 14 (Abrar Hussain Vs. State), 2009 P.Cr.L.J [Lahore] 1334 (Agha \nQais Vs. State), 2015 YLR [Peshawar] 2189 (Fiaz Shah Vs. State) and 2015 \nP.Cr.L.J. [Karachi] 235 (Abdul Qadir Vs. State), however, in all these cases the \nvehicles were not produced, but the said principle is equally applicable in the \ncases where shoulder bag or shopping bag in which narcotics was carried out by \nthe accused persons were not produced, therefore, the principle which attracts in \nthe present scenario is to be considered in terms of Article-129 (g) of Qanun-e-\nShahadat Order, 1984, where it can easily be presumed that no such material / \nnarcotics is in existence, as adverse inference or assumption against the \nprosecution could be drawn as held in 2023 SCMR 781 (Ahmed Ali Vs. State).   \n","quote_sha256":"e585d7872217cd8a53b2f70234a5b9b36be5b8cdc3f3bfbf3efc449993220699","start":9063,"end":10097,"anchors":["https://mis.ihc.gov.pk/attachments/judgements/167768/1/Crl._Appeal_No._345-2023_638479106297545430.pdf"],"pinpoint":"Paragraph 10, printed pages 5–6","check":"Previously reviewed passage; excerpt digest checked in this build","full_text_rechecked":false},{"id":"case-law:awais-punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab","document_id":"punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab","version_id":"law:punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab:sha256:d0e15d3c2951cc1d4b6be27a4a3ac69027a668060d2aa1f2d800f0663b8f15b8","quote":"129.  Court may presume existence of certain facts .– The Court may presume \r\nthe existence of any fact which it thinks likely to have ha ppened, regard being had to \r\nthe common course of natural events, human conduct and public and private \r\nbusiness, in their relation to the facts of the particular case. \r\nIllustrations \r\nThe Court may presume– \r\n(a)  that a man who is in possession of stolen goods  soon after the theft is \r\neither the thief or has received the goods knowing them to be stolen, \r\nunless he can account for his possession ; \r\n(b)  that an accomplice is unworthy of credit, unless he is corroborated in \r\nmaterial particulars ; \r\n(c)  that a bill of  exchange, accepted or endorsed, was accepted or \r\nendorsed for good consideration; \r\n(d)  that a \r\n13\r\nthing or state of things which has been shown to be in existence \r\nwithin a period shorter than that within which such things or states of \r\nthings usually cease to exist, is still in existence ; \r\n                                                 \r\n13Misprinted in official Gazette as “think”. \r\n(e)  that judicial and official acts have been regularly performed ; \r\n(f)  that the common course of business has been followed in particular \r\ncases; \r\n(g)  that evidence which could be and is not produced would, if produced, \r\nbe unfavourable to the person who withholds it ; \r\n(h)  that, if a man refuses to answer a question which he is not compelled \r\nto answer by law, the answer, if given, would be unfavourable to him; \r\n(i)  that when a document creating an obligation is in the hands of the \r\nobligor, the obligation has been discharged. \r\nBut the Court shall also have regard to such facts as the following, in \r\nconsidering whether such maxims do or do not apply to the particular \r\ncase before it; \r\nas to illustration (a) .– a shopkeeper has in hi s till marked rupee soon \r\nafter it was stolen, and cannot account for its possession specifically, \r\nbut is continually receiving rupees in the course of his business ; \r\nas to illustration (b) .– A, person of the highest character, is tried for \r\ncausing a man’s death by an act of negligence in arranging certain \r\nmachinery, B, a person of equally good character, who also took part in \r\nthe arrangement, describes precisely what was done, and admits and \r\nexplains the common carelessness of A and himself ; \r\nas to illustra tion (b) .– a crime is committed by several persons. A, B \r\nand C , three of the criminals, are captured on the shop and kept apart \r\nfrom each other. Each gives an account of the crime implicating D and \r\nthe accounts corroborate each other in such a manner as to  render \r\nprevious concert highly improbable; \r\nas to illustration (c).– A. the drawer of a bill of exchange, was a man of \r\nbusiness. B , the acceptor, was a young and ignorant person, \r\ncompletely under A’s influence; \r\nas to illustration (d).– It is proved that a river ran in a certain course five \r\nyears ago,  but is known that there have been floods since that time \r\nwhich might change its course ; \r\nas to illustration (e) .– a judicial act, the regularity of which is in \r\nquestion, was performed under exceptional circumstances ; \r\nas to illustration (f).– the question is, whether a letter was received. It is \r\nshown to have been posted, but the usual course of the post was \r\ninterrupted by disturbances; \r\nas to illustration (g) .– a man refuses to produce a document which \r\nwould bear on a contract of small  importance on which he is sued,  but \r\nwhich might also injure the feelings and reputation of his family; \r\nas to illustration (h)  .– a man refuses to answer a question which he is \r\nnot compelled by law to answer, but the answer to it mi ght cause loss \r\nto him in matters unconnected with the matter in relation to which it is \r\nasked ; \r\nas to illustration (i) .– a bond is in possession of the obligor, but the \r\ncircumstances of the case are such that he may have stolen it. \r\nCHAPTER X \r\nOF THE EXAMINATION OF WITNESS  \r\n","quote_sha256":"61be1af96223f1506435d3d1ad9ce61a4877f66c5991fa3f1a8c6bb0735bbe8b","start":130200,"end":134184,"anchors":["/laws/punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab#p-128748-130527-1a2ad66270e53fe6","/laws/punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab#p-130527-132284-856e948f078b1787","/laws/punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab#p-132284-134074-091a4a21c3979315","/laws/punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab#p-134074-135815-7c5f64c0447376e7"],"check":"Exact excerpt matched to held text","full_text_rechecked":true},{"id":"case-quote:awais-punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab","document_id":"judgment:ihc-awais-ca345-2023","version_id":"judgment:ihc-awais-ca345-2023:sha256:b3d317c35cbfa39e0c5ade5f251548c0b107daefa270f05cf04091e5bd8efcd7","quote":"Such aspect is to be \nconsidered in light of broader principles, where case property was not produced \nCrl. Appeal No.345/2023 & Jail Appeal No.353/2023 \n \n6 \n \nbefore the trial court as held in 2012 SCMR 577 (Amjad Ali Vs. State), 2017 \nP.Cr.L.J [Lahore] 14 (Abrar Hussain Vs. State), 2009 P.Cr.L.J [Lahore] 1334 (Agha \nQais Vs. State), 2015 YLR [Peshawar] 2189 (Fiaz Shah Vs. State) and 2015 \nP.Cr.L.J. [Karachi] 235 (Abdul Qadir Vs. State), however, in all these cases the \nvehicles were not produced, but the said principle is equally applicable in the \ncases where shoulder bag or shopping bag in which narcotics was carried out by \nthe accused persons were not produced, therefore, the principle which attracts in \nthe present scenario is to be considered in terms of Article-129 (g) of Qanun-e-\nShahadat Order, 1984, where it can easily be presumed that no such material / \nnarcotics is in existence, as adverse inference or assumption against the \nprosecution could be drawn as held in 2023 SCMR 781 (Ahmed Ali Vs. State).   \n","quote_sha256":"e585d7872217cd8a53b2f70234a5b9b36be5b8cdc3f3bfbf3efc449993220699","start":9063,"end":10097,"anchors":["https://mis.ihc.gov.pk/attachments/judgements/167768/1/Crl._Appeal_No._345-2023_638479106297545430.pdf"],"pinpoint":"Paragraph 10, printed pages 5–6","check":"Previously reviewed passage; excerpt digest checked in this build","full_text_rechecked":false}],"relationships":[{"id":"rob-art99","kind":"statute","source":"pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3","target":"pk-code-30ecabb4a7ed433a","source_provision":"Opening recital","target_provision":"Article 99(2) and (3)","relation":"made under","review":"Supporting provisions checked","review_scope":"Both ends read in owned snapshots; recital corroborated against Cabinet September 2026 PDF.","notes":["The opening recital names the Federal Government as rule-maker. Article 99(2) concerns authentication; Article 99(3) concerns allocation and transaction of Federal Government business.","Held edition: As amended up to 11 May 2026. Newer edition observed: As amended up to 28 September 2026. They are not interchangeable."],"evidence_ids":["statute:rob-recital","statute:art99"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"rob-art90","kind":"statute","source":"pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3","target":"pk-code-30ecabb4a7ed433a","source_provision":"Opening recital","target_provision":"Article 90","relation":"cites constitutional basis","review":"Supporting provisions checked","review_scope":"Recital and parent read; Article 90 supplies executive context, not an identical rule-making power.","notes":["Article 90 provides executive constitutional context. It is distinct from the rule-making provisions identified in Article 99.","Held edition: As amended up to 11 May 2026. Newer edition observed: As amended up to 28 September 2026. They are not interchangeable."],"evidence_ids":["statute:rob-recital","statute:art90"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"fcc-schedule5","kind":"statute","source":"pk-code-778412418cfa5e59","target":"pk-code-30ecabb4a7ed433a","source_provision":"Opening recital","target_provision":"Fifth Schedule, Federal Constitutional Court and Supreme Court, paragraph 2; Article 205 contextual","relation":"made under","review":"Supporting provisions checked","review_scope":"Both ends read in held official-source snapshots; no fresh whole-Constitution consolidation audit.","notes":["Paragraph 2 of the Fifth Schedule is the specific enabling provision identified by this Order. Article 205 supplies supporting constitutional context."],"evidence_ids":["statute:fcc-recital","statute:schedule5-para2","statute:art205"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"order-original-parent","kind":"statute","source":"punjab-code-4caa843ad99b6d9d","target":"reference:punjab-essential-articles-control-ordinance-1973-vii","source_provision":"Opening recital","target_provision":"Section 3","relation":"cites enabling authority","review":"Supporting provisions checked","review_scope":"Child recital verified only; original parent operative text missing.","notes":["The 1973 Order cites section 3 of Ordinance VII of 1973. The later Act XVII of 1973 is not identified here as its original enabling instrument."],"evidence_ids":["statute:order-recital"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"act1973-repeals-ordinance","kind":"statute","source":"punjab-code-5c3aabdf381e86c5","target":"reference:punjab-essential-articles-control-ordinance-1973-vii","source_provision":"Section 13","target_provision":"Whole Ordinance named by section 13","relation":"expressly repeals","review":"Supporting provisions checked","review_scope":"Repealing provision held; original target not independently examined.","notes":["Section 13 of Act XVII of 1973 expressly repeals Ordinance VII of 1973. The original Ordinance text is not available in this collection."],"evidence_ids":["statute:oldact-repeal"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"act2025-repeals-order","kind":"statute","source":"punjab-code-8245b6faadb9789e","target":"punjab-code-4caa843ad99b6d9d","source_provision":"Section 46(1)","target_provision":"Whole Order, subject to conditional savings","relation":"expressly repeals","review":"Supporting provisions checked","review_scope":"Held text matched to official Gazette PDF page 13, printed 4803.","notes":["Section 46(1) expressly repeals the 1973 Order. Section 46(3) conditionally continues specified acts, proceedings, actions and notifications insofar consistent and until superseded; it does not continue the whole Order in force.","Section 46(3) conditionally saves specified prior measures, not the Order as a whole.","Differing Gazette publication dates remain unresolved; no exact commencement date is assigned."],"evidence_ids":["statute:newact-repeal","statute:order-recital"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"act2025-partial-repeal","kind":"statute","source":"punjab-code-8245b6faadb9789e","target":"punjab-code-5c3aabdf381e86c5","source_provision":"Section 46(2)","target_provision":"Section 3(2)(j) and Schedule entry 40","relation":"partially repeals","review":"Supporting provisions checked","review_scope":"Held text matched to official Gazette PDF page 13, printed 4803.","notes":["Partial repeal covers section 3(2)(j) and Schedule entry 40 only, not the whole Essential Articles Act.","Section 46(4) concerns qualifying fertilizer-offence investigations, prosecutions and trials. The older source text still includes entry 40; the later change is presented alongside it, not silently incorporated.","Not repeal of the entire Act.","The held old Act still prints entry 40; show the subsequent change alongside the historical text.","Differing Gazette publication dates remain unresolved; no exact commencement date is assigned."],"evidence_ids":["statute:newact-repeal"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"act2025-savings-order","kind":"statute","source":"punjab-code-8245b6faadb9789e","target":"punjab-code-4caa843ad99b6d9d","source_provision":"Section 46(3)","target_provision":"Acts, proceedings, actions and notifications under the repealed Order","relation":"conditionally saves prior measures","review":"Supporting provisions checked","review_scope":"Explicit conditional savings, matched to Gazette.","notes":["Section 46(3) applies only insofar consistent with the 2025 Act and until superseded. The continued effect of any individual notification is not determined by this mapping.","Only insofar consistent with the 2025 Act and until superseded.","Does not determine whether an individual notification qualifies.","Differing Gazette publication dates remain unresolved; no exact commencement date is assigned."],"evidence_ids":["statute:newact-repeal"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"act2025-savings-act","kind":"statute","source":"punjab-code-8245b6faadb9789e","target":"punjab-code-5c3aabdf381e86c5","source_provision":"Section 46(3) and (4)","target_provision":"Prior measures and qualifying fertilizer-offence proceedings","relation":"conditionally saves prior measures","review":"Supporting provisions checked","review_scope":"Explicit savings, matched to Gazette.","notes":["Section 46(3) applies only insofar consistent and until superseded. Section 46(4) concerns qualifying fertilizer offences already under investigation, prosecution or trial.","Section 46(3): insofar consistent and until superseded.","Section 46(4): qualifying fertilizer offences being investigated, prosecuted or tried.","Differing Gazette publication dates remain unresolved; no exact commencement date is assigned."],"evidence_ids":["statute:newact-repeal"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"case-mustafa-rule16","kind":"case","source":"judgment:sc-mustafa-impex-ca1428-2016","target":"pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3","source_provision":"Paragraph 44, printed pages 38–39","target_provision":"Rule 16(1)(d); historical Rule 16(2)","relation":"Historical judicial interpretation; comparison to held provision","review":"Reviewed judgment passage","review_scope":"The Court treated Cabinet consideration of tax proposals as mandatory. Read the quoted rule and the Court's qualification of the Prime Minister's disposal power together.","notes":["Held Rules of Business compilation is amended to 11 May 2026; it is not the 2016 text quoted by the Court. This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified.","Not comprehensively checked; no conclusion that this remains good law.","Announcement date is stated at the end of the judgment. Connector date 2016-03-09 identifies the challenged High Court order and is not used as the decision date."],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:mustafa-rule16","case-law:mustafa-rule16"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"case-mustafa-rule16-invalidity","kind":"case","source":"judgment:sc-mustafa-impex-ca1428-2016","target":"pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3","source_provision":"Paragraph 84(vi), printed page 79","target_provision":"Historical Rule 16(2)","relation":"Historical judicial interpretation; comparison to held provision","review":"Reviewed judgment passage","review_scope":"The Court expressly declared Rule 16(2), apparently enabling the Prime Minister to bypass the Cabinet, ultra vires. This is a historical invalidity finding, not a declaration against every provision numbered 16(2) in later editions.","notes":["The held compilation records Rule 16(2) as omitted by SRO 623(I)/2021 dated 27 May 2021. Compare this with the historical wording in paragraph 44; do not assume identical text or current effect. This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified.","Not comprehensively checked; no conclusion that this remains good law.","Announcement date is stated at the end of the judgment. Connector date 2016-03-09 identifies the challenged High Court order and is not used as the decision date."],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:mustafa-rule16-invalidity","case-law:mustafa-rule16-invalidity"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"case-farrukh-rule4-6","kind":"case","source":"judgment:ihc-farrukh-wp1-2020","target":"pk-code-6c462b7d924dbbe3","source_provision":"Paragraphs 16–18, printed pages 22–23","target_provision":"Rule 4(6)","relation":"Historical judicial interpretation; comparison to held provision","review":"Reviewed judgment passage","review_scope":"The Court rejected the constitutional challenge to Rule 4(6), while distinguishing a Special Assistant's status from Cabinet membership and executive authority. It separately set aside the challenged Cabinet committee appointments.","notes":["The judgment concerns the rule as considered in 2020; the held compilation is amended to May 2026. This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified.","Not comprehensively checked; no conclusion that this remains good law.","Judgment ends with December 2020 but leaves the announcement day blank. Connector reports 2020-12-07; exact decision date is not independently confirmed."],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:farrukh-rule4-6","case-law:farrukh-rule4-6"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"case-haji-rehman-pk-code-a3869310f6800995","kind":"case","source":"judgment:phc-haji-rehman-wp8b-2012","target":"pk-code-a3869310f6800995","source_provision":"Judgment paragraphs 5–7","target_provision":"Article 155; distinct from CrPC section 155","relation":"Historical judicial interpretation; comparison to held provision","review":"Reviewed judgment passage","review_scope":"For the police-misconduct offence before it, the Court treated Article 155 as cognizable by reading its punishment with CrPC section 4(f) and Schedule II. Article 153 was not treated as an exhaustive list.","notes":["Khyber Pakhtunkhwa dispute in 2012. The held federal/Punjab source edition is a comparison text, not proof of historical provincial applicability. This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified.","Not comprehensively checked; no conclusion that this remains good law.","Date stated in the court-hosted report; citation 2012 PCrLJ 1526."],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:haji-rehman-pk-code-a3869310f6800995","case-law:haji-rehman-pk-code-a3869310f6800995"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"case-haji-rehman-punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1","kind":"case","source":"judgment:phc-haji-rehman-wp8b-2012","target":"punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1","source_provision":"Judgment paragraphs 5–7","target_provision":"Article 155; distinct from CrPC section 155","relation":"Historical judicial interpretation; comparison to held provision","review":"Reviewed judgment passage","review_scope":"For the police-misconduct offence before it, the Court treated Article 155 as cognizable by reading its punishment with CrPC section 4(f) and Schedule II. Article 153 was not treated as an exhaustive list.","notes":["Khyber Pakhtunkhwa dispute in 2012. The held federal/Punjab source edition is a comparison text, not proof of historical provincial applicability. This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified.","Not comprehensively checked; no conclusion that this remains good law.","Date stated in the court-hosted report; citation 2012 PCrLJ 1526."],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:haji-rehman-punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1","case-law:haji-rehman-punjab-code-8c02d4a826c04ec1"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"case-shahjehan-pk-code-2b63161559568b20","kind":"case","source":"judgment:phc-shahjehan-ca84-2011","target":"pk-code-2b63161559568b20","source_provision":"Judgment paragraphs 8–9","target_provision":"Article 3(1)(c): sale of intoxicant","relation":"Historical judicial interpretation; comparison to held provision","review":"Reviewed judgment passage","review_scope":"In this prosecution the Court found Article 3 was not attracted, discussing proof of sale and defects in the forensic evidence. The acquittal was fact-specific; it did not invalidate Article 3.","notes":["The case arose in D.I. Khan in 2011. Federal and Punjab editions remain distinct comparison records. This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified.","Not comprehensively checked; no conclusion that this remains good law.","Decision date stated in the court-hosted report; report year is 2012 (2012 YLR 311), not the decision year."],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:shahjehan-pk-code-2b63161559568b20","case-law:shahjehan-pk-code-2b63161559568b20"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"case-shahjehan-punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77","kind":"case","source":"judgment:phc-shahjehan-ca84-2011","target":"punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77","source_provision":"Judgment paragraphs 8–9","target_provision":"Article 3(1)(c): sale of intoxicant","relation":"Historical judicial interpretation; comparison to held provision","review":"Reviewed judgment passage","review_scope":"In this prosecution the Court found Article 3 was not attracted, discussing proof of sale and defects in the forensic evidence. The acquittal was fact-specific; it did not invalidate Article 3.","notes":["The case arose in D.I. Khan in 2011. Federal and Punjab editions remain distinct comparison records. This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified.","Not comprehensively checked; no conclusion that this remains good law.","Decision date stated in the court-hosted report; report year is 2012 (2012 YLR 311), not the decision year."],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:shahjehan-punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77","case-law:shahjehan-punjab-code-fb492241eaa98c77"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"case-awais-pk-code-8080294edcd081e4","kind":"case","source":"judgment:ihc-awais-ca345-2023","target":"pk-code-8080294edcd081e4","source_provision":"Paragraph 10, printed pages 5–6","target_provision":"Article 129 illustration (g)","relation":"Historical judicial interpretation; comparison to held provision","review":"Reviewed judgment passage","review_scope":"The Court applied the adverse-inference principle to non-production of the alleged shopping bag in the narcotics prosecution, alongside doubts about the weight and packaging. It is not an automatic acquittal rule for every missing exhibit.","notes":["This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified.","Not comprehensively checked; no conclusion that this remains good law.","The judgment states hearing date 25 March 2024; a separate decision date has not been established from the extracted text."],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:awais-pk-code-8080294edcd081e4","case-law:awais-pk-code-8080294edcd081e4"],"effective_at":null},{"id":"case-awais-punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab","kind":"case","source":"judgment:ihc-awais-ca345-2023","target":"punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab","source_provision":"Paragraph 10, printed pages 5–6","target_provision":"Article 129 illustration (g)","relation":"Historical judicial interpretation; comparison to held provision","review":"Reviewed judgment passage","review_scope":"The Court applied the adverse-inference principle to non-production of the alleged shopping bag in the narcotics prosecution, alongside doubts about the weight and packaging. It is not an automatic acquittal rule for every missing exhibit.","notes":["This is a historical judgment linked to a separately held source edition. The exact law in force on the decision date and subsequent amendments or appellate treatment have not been comprehensively verified.","Not comprehensively checked; no conclusion that this remains good law.","The judgment states hearing date 25 March 2024; a separate decision date has not been established from the extracted text."],"evidence_ids":["case-quote:awais-punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab","case-law:awais-punjab-code-e845af7dd8b2beab"],"effective_at":null}],"model_id":"c8aca56e1c9125fc7e276db3261c4beb869ad350aac2bd2d85ca3bf832a80024"},"limitations":["Held-corpus research scope only","No current-applicability or binding-precedent determination","Structured propositions and checklists require separate legal review"],"model_id":"2cc7883c8980c05bc0c6dd0fb3794138ff6db4189159b789d35b52755b2bae0d"}