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Oil Seeds Committee Act, 1946

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THE OIL SEEDS COMMITTEE ACT, 1946

THE OIL SEEDS COMMITTEE ACT, 1946 1ACT No. IX OF1946 [18th April, 1946] 2[An Act to provide for the levy and collection of cesses on oils extracted from oilseeds and oilseeds exported from Pakistan].

2[Whereas it is expedient to provide for the levy and collection of cesses on oils extracted from oilseeds and oilseeds exported from Pakistan ;]

It is hereby enacted as follows:__

Section 1. Short title and extent

2[(1) This Act may be called the Oilseeds Cesses Act, 1946].

3[(2) It extends to the whole of Pakistan.]

Section 2. Definitions

In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the sub ject or context,‑

4[* * * * * * *] 4[(a)] “Collector” means the officer appointed by the 5[Federal Government] to perform in any specified area the duties of a Collector under the provisions of this Act and the rules made thereunder, and includes any officer sub ordinate to that officer whom he may by order in writing authorise to perform his duties under those provisions;

6[* * * * * * *]

4[* * * * * * *] 4[(c)] “grower” means an agriculturist who grows oilseeds, with or without the aid of hired labour; 4[(d)] “mill” means any place in which oilseeds are crushed with the aid of power, which is a factory as defined in section 2 of the Factories Act, 1934; (XXV of 1934).

1The Act has been extended to___

(a) the Baluchistan States Union, see the Baluchistan States Union (Federal Laws) (Extension) Order, 1953 (G. G. O. 4 of 1953), as amended;

(b) the Khairpur State, see the Khairpur State (Federal Laws) (Exten sion) Order, 1953 (G. G. O. 5 of 1953), as amended; and

(c) the State of Bahawalpur, see the Bahawalpur (Extension of Federal Laws) Order, 1953 (G. G. O. 11 of 1953), as amended. The Act has been and shall be deemed to have been brought into force in Gwadur (with effect from the 8th September, 1958), by the Gwadur (Appli cation of Central Laws) Ordinance, 1960 (XXXVII of 1960), s. 2.

2Subs. by the Acts relating to Cesses on Agricultural Products (Amdt.) Ordinance, 1982 (X of 1982), s. 2 and Schedule for the long title, which was previously amended by Act 19 of 1960, s. 2.

3Subs. by the Central Laws (Statute Reform) Ordinance, 1960 (XXI of 1960), s. 3 and 2nd Sch. (with effect from the 14th October, 1955), for the original sub‑section (2), as amended by A. O., 1949.

4Cls. (a) and (d) omitted, and clauses (b), (c), (e) and (f) relettered as clauses (a) (b), (c), and (d) respectively, by Act IX of 1950, s. 5.

5Subs. by F. A. O. 1975, Art. 2 and Table for “Central Government”.

6Clause (b) omitted by Ord. X of 1982, s. 2 and Sch., which was previously amended by various enfiactments.

1[(e)] “oilseeds” does not include coconuts; 1[(f)] “prescribed” means prescribed by rules made under this Act (XXV of 1934).

Section 3. Imposition of oilseeds cess

(1) There shall be levied and collected on and after the date of the commencement of this Act as cesses for the purposes of this Act,‑

(a) on all oils extracted from oilseeds crushed in any mill in 2[Pakistan], whether the oilseeds are produced in or imported from outside 2[Pakistan], a duty of excise at the rate of one anna per maund, and

(b) on all oilseeds exported out of 2[Pakistan], to a destination outside 3[Pakistan], a duty of customs at the rate of two annas per maund:

Provided that the 4[Federal Government] may from time to time 5[* * *] ,fix by notification in the official Gazette 6[different] rate at which the duty of excise or duty of customs shall be levied and collected:

Provided further that no such duty of customs shall be levied on any oilseeds exported under a contract for export entered into before the aforesaid date.

7[* * * * * * *]

8[* * * * * * *]

4 to 8. 9[Omitted.]

9. 10[Omitted.]

Section 10. Delivery of monthly returns

(1) The owner of every mill shall furnish to the Collector, on or before the 7th day of each month, a return stating the total amount of oils extracted in the mill during the preceding month, together with such further information in regard thereto as may be prescribed:

Provided that no return shall be required in regard to oils extracted before the commencement of this Act.

(2) Every such return shall be made in such form and shall be verified in such manner as may be prescribed.

1Cls. (g) and (h) relettered as clauses (e) and (f) respectively by the Oilseeds Committee (Amdt.) Act, 1950 (IX of 1950), s. 3.

2Subs. by the Central Laws (Statute Reform) Ordinance, 1960 (XXI of 1960), s. 3 and 2nd Sch. (with effect from the 14th October, 1955), for “the Provinces and the Capital of the Federation” which had been subs. by A. O., 1949, for “British India”.

3Subs. by Act IX, of 1950, s. 6, for “India”.

4Subs. by F. A. O., 1975, Art. 2 and Table, for “Central Government”.

5The words “and after consulting the Committee” omitted by Act IX of 1950, s. 6.

6Subs. ibid., for “lesser”.

7Subsection (2) omitted by the Acts relating to Cesses on Agricultural Products (Amdt.) Ordinance, 1982 (X of 1982), s. 2 and Schedule. 8Subsection (3) omitted by the Federal Laws (Revision and Declaration) Ordinance, 1981 (XXVII of 1981), s. 3 and ScheduleII.

9Omitted by the Oilseeds Committee (Amdt.) Act, 1950 (XIX of 1950), s. 7.

10Omitted by the Acts relating to Cesses on Agricultural Products (Amdt) Ordinance, 1982 (X of 1982), s. 2 and Schedule.

Section 11. Collection of duty of excise

(1) On receiving any return made under section 10, the Collector shall assess the amount of the duty of excise payable under section 3 in respect of the period to which the return relates, and if the amount has not already been paid, shall cause a notice to be served upon the owner of the mill requiring him to make payment of the amount assessed within thirty days of the service of the notice.

(2) if the owner of any mill fails to furnish in due time the return referred to in sub‑section (1) of section 10 or furnishes a return which the Collector has reason to believe is incorrect or defective, the Collector shall assess the amount, if any payable by him in such manner as may be prescribed, and the provisions of sub‑section (1) shall thereupon apply as if such assessment had been made on the basis of a return furnished by the owner:

Provided that, in the case of a return which he has reason to believe is incorrect, or defective, the collector shall not assess the duty of excise at an amount higher than that at which it is assessable on the basis of the return without giving to the owner a reasonable opportunity of proving the correctness and completeness of the return.

(3) A notice under sub‑section (1) may be served on the owner of a mill either by post or by delivering it or tendering it to the owner or his agent at the mill.

Section 12. Finality of assessment and recovery of unpaid duty of excise

(1) Any owner of a mill who is aggrieved by an assess ment made under section 11 may, within three months of service of the notice referred to in sub‑section (1) of that section, apply to the District Judge, 1[* * *] for the cancellation or modification of the assessment and, on such application, the said Judge may cancel or modify the assessment and order the refund to such owner of the whole or part, as the case may be, of any amount paid thereunder.

(2) The decision under sub‑section (1) of the District Judge 2[* * *] shall be final.

(3) Any sum recoverable under section 11 may be recovered as an arrear of land revenue.

Section 13. Power to inspect mills and take copies of records and accounts

(1) The Collector or any officer empowered by general or special order of the 3[Federal Government] in this behalf shall have free access at all reasonable times during working hours to any mill or to any part of any mill.

(2) The Collector or any such officer may, at any time during working hours, with or without notice to the owner, examine the purchase, sale and stock records and accounts of any mill and take copies of or extracts from all or any of the said records or accounts for the purpose of testing the accuracy of any return or of informing himself as to the particulars regarding which information is required for the purposes of this Act or any rules made thereunder:

Provided that nothing in this section shall be deemed to authorise the examination of any description or formulae of any trade process.

1The words and comma “or in a Presidencytown, to the Chief Judge of the Small Cause Court” omitted by the Oilseeds Committee (Amdt.) Act, 1950 (IX of 1950), s. 9. 2The words and commas “or the Chief Judge of the Small Cause Court, as the case may be,” omitted, ibid.

3Subs. by F. A. O., 1975, Art. 2 and Table, for “Central Government”.

Section 14. Information acquired to be confidential

(1) All such copies and extracts and all information acquired by a Collector or any other officer from an inspection of any mill or warehouse or from any return submitted under this Act shall be treated as confidential.

(2) If the Collector or any such officer discloses to any person other than a superior officer any such information as aforesaid without the previous sanction of the 1[Federal Govern ment], he shall be punishable with imprisonment which may ex tend to six months and shall also be liable to fine:

Provided that nothing in this section shall apply to the dis closure of any such information for the purposes of a prosecution in respect of the making of a false return under this Act.

15 to 16. 2[Omitted.]

Section 17. Power of the Federal Government to make rules

(1) The 1[Federal Government] may, after previous pub lication, make rules for the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of this

Act.

3[* * * * * * *]

[4] Section 17A. Penalty for contravention of rules

Rules made under section 17 may provide that a breach of any of them shall be punishable with fine not exceed ing one thousand rupees.]

Section 18. 5[Omitted.]

Section 19. Publication of rules and regulations

All rules made under section 17 6[* * *] shall be published in the 7[official Gazette].

Date:-22.04.2024

1Subs. by F. A. O. 1975, Art. 2 and Table, for “Central Government”.

2Omitted by the Oilseeds Committee (Amdt.) Act, 1950 (XIX of 1950) s.10.] 3Sub‑section (2) omitted by the Oilseeds Committee (Amdt.) Act, 1950 (19 of 1950), s. 11.

4Section 17A ins. by the Coconut and Oilseeds Committees Acts (Amdt.) Ordinance, 1962 (25 of 1962), s. 3.

5Omitted by the Oilseeds Committee (Amdt.) Act, 1950, (XIX of 1950), s.12.

6The words “and all regulations made under section 18” omitted by Act 19 of 1950, s. 13.

7Subs. ibid., for “Gazette of India”.

Print contents from the source
CONTENTS 
1.  Short title and extent 
2.  Definitions 
3.  Imposition of oilseeds cess 
4. [Omitted.] 
5. [Omitted.] 
6. [Omitted.] 
7. [Omitted.] 
8. [Omitted.] 
9.  [Omitted.] 
10.  Delivery of monthly returns 
11.  Collection of duty of excise 
12.  Finality of assessment and recovery of unpaid duty of excise 
13.  Power to inspect mills and take copies of records and accounts 
14.  Information acquired to be confidential 
15. [Omitted.] 
16. [Omitted.] 
17.  Power of the Federal Government to make rules 
17 A.  Penalty for contravention of rules 
18.  [Omitted.] 
19.  Publication of rules and regulations
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Exact source transcription retained, including print layout and extraction artifacts. Text SHA-256: 685f164f7da690beb3a614e87b42a7a73ce7311db2ac11debe2fa79628b61ca6.

Page 1 of 5 
 
 
THE OIL SEEDS COMMITTEE ACT, 1946 
 
 
 
CONTENTS 
1.  Short title and extent 
2.  Definitions 
3.  Imposition of oilseeds cess 
4. [Omitted.] 
5. [Omitted.] 
6. [Omitted.] 
7. [Omitted.] 
8. [Omitted.] 
9.  [Omitted.] 
10.  Delivery of monthly returns 
11.  Collection of duty of excise 
12.  Finality of assessment and recovery of unpaid duty of excise 
13.  Power to inspect mills and take copies of records and accounts 
14.  Information acquired to be confidential 
15. [Omitted.] 
16. [Omitted.] 
17.  Power of the Federal Government to make rules 
17 A.  Penalty for contravention of rules 
18.  [Omitted.] 
19.  Publication of rules and regulations 
  
 
 

 
Page 2 of 5 
 
THE OIL SEEDS COMMITTEE ACT, 1946 
1ACT No. IX OF1946 
[18th April, 1946] 
2[An Act to provide for the levy and collection of cesses on oils extracted from oilseeds and oilseeds 
exported from Pakistan]. 
 2[Whereas it is expedient to provide for the levy and collection of cesses on oils extracted from 
oilseeds and oilseeds exported from Pakistan ;] 
 It is hereby enacted as follows:__ 
 1. Short title and extent.___2[(1) This Act may be called the Oilseeds Cesses Act, 1946]. 
 3[(2) It extends to the whole of Pakistan.] 
 2. Definitions.—In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the sub ject or context,‑ 
 4[*  *  *  *  *  *  *] 
4[(a)] “Collector” means the officer appointed by the 5[Federal Government] to perform 
in any specified area the duties of a Collector under the provi sions of this Act 
and the rules made thereunder, and includes any officer sub ordinate  to that 
officer whom he may by order in writing authorise to perform his duties under 
those provisions; 
 6[*  *  *  *  *  *  *] 
 4[*  *  *  *  *  *  *] 
4[(c)]  “grower” means an agriculturist who grows oilseeds, with or without the aid of 
hired labour; 
4[(d)]  “mill” means any place in which oilseeds are crushed wi th the aid of power, 
which is a factory as defined in section 2 of the Factories Act, 1934; (XXV of 
1934). 
 
1The Act has been extended to___ 
(a) the Baluchistan States Union, see the Baluchistan States Union (Federal Laws) (Extension) Order, 1953 (G. G. O. 4 of 1953), as amended; 
(b) the Khairpur State, see the Khairpur State (Federal Laws) (Exten sion) Order, 1953 (G. G. O. 5 of 1953), as amended; and 
(c) the State of Bahawalpur, see the Bahawalpur (Extension of Federal Laws) Order, 1953 (G. G. O. 11 of 1953), as amended. 
The Act has been and shall be deemed to have been brought into force in Gwadur (wit h effect from the 8th September, 1958), by the Gwadur (Appli 
cation of Central Laws) 
Ordinance, 1960 (XXXVII of 1960), s. 2. 
2Subs. by the Acts relating to Cesses on Agricultural Prod ucts (Amdt.) Ordinance, 1982 (X  of 1982), s. 2 and Schedule for the long title, which was 
previously amended by Act 19 
of 1960, s. 2. 
3Subs. by the Central Laws (Statute Reform) Ordinance, 1960 (XXI of 1960), s. 3 and 2nd Sch. (with effect from the 14th October, 1955), for the original 
sub‑section (2), as amended by A. O., 1949. 
4Cls. (a) and (d) omitted, and clauses (b), (c), (e) and (f) relettered as clauses (a) (b), (c), and (d) respectively, by Act IX of 1950, s. 5. 
5Subs. by F. A. O. 1975, Art. 2 and Table for “Central Government”. 
6Clause (b) omitted by Ord. X of 1982, s. 2 and Sch., which was previously amended by various enfiactments. 
  
 
Page 3 of 5 
 
1[(e)]  “oilseeds” does not include coconuts; 
1[(f)]  “prescribed” means prescribed by rules made under this Act (XXV of 1934). 
 3. Imposition of oilseeds cess.__(1) There shall be levied and collected on and after the date of 
the commencement of this Act as cesses for the purposes of this Act,‑ 
(a)  on all oils extracted from oilseeds crushed in any mill in 2[Pakistan], whether 
the oilseeds are produced in or imported from outside 2[Pakistan], a du ty of 
excise at the rate of one anna per maund, and 
(b)  on all oilseeds exported out of 2[Pakistan], to a destination outside 3[Pakistan], 
a duty of customs at the rate of two annas per maund: 
 Provided that the 4[Federal Government] may from time to time 5[* * *] ,fix by notification in 
the official Gazette 6[different] rate at which the duty of excise or duty of customs shall be levied and 
collected: 
 Provided further that no such duty of customs shall be levied on any oilseeds exported under a 
contract for export entered into before the aforesaid date. 
 7[*  *  *  *  *  *  *] 
 8[*  *  *  *  *  *  *] 
 4 to 8. 9[Omitted.] 
 9. 10[Omitted.]  
 10. Delivery of monthly returns.__(1) The owner of every mill shall furnish to the Collector, 
on or before the 7th day of each month, a return stating the total amoun t of oils extracted in the mill 
during the preceding month, together with such further informat ion in regard thereto as may be 
prescribed: 
 Provided that no return shall be required in regard to oils extra cted before the commencement 
of this Act. 
 (2) Every such return shall be made in such form and shall be ve rified in such manner as may 
be prescribed. 
 
1Cls. (g) and (h) relettered as clauses (e) and (f) respectively by the Oilseeds Committee (Amdt.) Act, 1950 (IX of 1950), s. 3. 
2Subs. by the Central Laws (St atute Reform) Ordinance, 1960 (XXI  of 1960), s. 3 and 2nd Sch. (with effect from the 14th October, 1955), for “the 
Provinces and the Capital of the Federation” which had been subs. by A. O., 1949, for “British India”. 
3Subs. by Act IX, of 1950, s. 6, for “India”. 
4Subs. by F. A. O., 1975, Art. 2 and Table, for “Central Government”. 
5The words “and after consulting the Committee” omitted by Act IX of 1950, s. 6. 
6Subs. ibid., for “lesser”. 
7Subsection (2) omitted by the Acts relating to Cesses on Agricultural Products (Amdt.) Ordinance, 1982 (X of 1982), s. 2 and Schedule. 
8Subsection (3) omitted by the Federal Laws (Revision and Declaration) Ordinance, 1981 (XXVII of 1981), s. 3 and ScheduleII. 
9Omitted by the Oilseeds Committee (Amdt.) Act, 1950 (XIX of 1950), s. 7. 
10Omitted by the Acts relating to Cesses on Agricultural Products (Amdt) Ordinance, 1982 (X of 1982), s. 2 and Schedule. 
 
 
Page 4 of 5 
 
 11. Collection of duty of excise .__(1) On receiving any retur n made under section 10, the 
Collector shall assess the amount of the duty of excise payable under section 3 in respect of the period 
to which the return relates, and if the amount has not already bee n paid, shall cause a notice to be 
served upon the owner of the mill requiring him to make payment of the amount assessed within thirty 
days of the service of the notice. 
 (2) if the owner of any mill fails to furnish in due time the return referred to in sub‑ section (1) 
of section 10 or furnishes a return which the Collector has reason to believe  is incorrect or defective, 
the Collector shall assess the amount, if any payable by him in such manner as may be prescribed, and 
the provisions of sub‑section (1) shall thereupon apply as if such assessment had been ma de on the 
basis of a return furnished by the owner: 
 Provided that, in the case of a return which he has reason to believe is incorrect, or defective, 
the collector shall not assess the duty of excise at an amount higher than that at which it is assessable 
on the basis of the return without giving to the own er a reason able opportunity of proving the 
correctness and completeness of the return. 
 (3) A notice under sub‑section (1) may be served on the owner  of a mill either by post or by 
delivering it or tendering it to the owner or his agent at the mill. 
 12. Finality of assessment and recovery of unpaid duty of excise.___(1) Any owner of a mill 
who is aggrieved by an assess ment made under section 11 may, within three months of service of the 
notice referred to in sub‑section (1) of that section, apply to the District Judge, 1[* * * ] for the 
cancellation or modification of the assessment and, on such application, the said Judge may cancel or 
modify the assessment and order the refund to such owner of the whole or part, as the case may be, of 
any amount paid thereunder. 
 (2) The decision under sub‑section (1) of the District Judge 2[* * *] shall be final. 
 (3) Any sum recoverable under section 11 may be recovered as an arrear of land revenue. 
 13. Power to inspect mills and take copies of records and accounts .___(1) The Collector or 
any officer empowered by general or special order of the 3[Federal Government] in this behalf shall 
have free access at all reasonable times during working hours to any mill or to any part of any mill. 
 (2) The Collector or any suc h officer may, at any time during  working hours, with or without 
notice to the owner, examine the purchase, sale and stock records and accounts of any mill and ta ke 
copies of or extracts from all or any of the said records or accounts  for the purpose of te sting the 
accuracy of any return or of informing himself as to the particulars  regarding which information is 
required for the purposes of this Act or any rules made thereunder: 
 Provided that nothing in this section shall be deemed to a uthorise the examin ation of any 
description or formulae of any trade process. 
 
 
1The words and comma “or in a Presidencytown, 
to the Chief Judge of the Small Cause Court” omitted by the Oilseeds Committee (Amdt.) Act, 1950 (IX of 1950), s. 9. 
2The words and commas “or the Chief Judge of the Small Cause Court, as the case may be,” omitted, ibid. 
3Subs. by F. A. O., 1975, Art. 2 and Table, for “Central Government”. 
  
 
Page 5 of 5 
 
 14. Information acquired to be confidential .___(1) All s uch copies and extracts and all 
information acquired by a Collector or any other officer from an insp ection of any mill or warehouse 
or from any return submitted under this Act shall be treated as confidential. 
 (2) If the Collector or any such officer discloses to any person other than a superior officer any 
such information as aforesaid without the previous sanction of the 1[Federal Govern ment], he shall be 
punishable with imprisonment which may ex tend to six months and shall also be liable to fine: 
 Provided that nothing in this section shall apply to the dis closure of any such information for 
the purposes of a prosecution in respect of the making of a false return under this Act. 
 15 to 16. 2[Omitted.]  
 17. Power of the Federal Government to make rules.___(1) The 1[Federal Government] may, 
after previous pub lication, make rules for the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of this 
 Act. 
 3[* * * * * * *] 
 4[17A. Penalty for contravention of rules. Rules made unde r section 17 may provide that a 
breach of any of them shall be punishable with fine not exceed ing one thousand rupees.] 
 18. 5[Omitted.]  
 19. Publication of rules and regulations .—All rules made under section 17 6[* * *] shall be 
published in the 7[official Gazette]. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Date:-22.04.2024 
1Subs. by F. A. O. 1975, Art. 2 and Table, for “Central Government”. 
2Omitted by the Oilseeds Committee (Amdt.) Act, 1950 (XIX of 1950) s.10.] 
3Sub‑section (2) omitted by the Oilseeds Committee (Amdt.) Act, 1950 (19 of 1950), s. 11. 
4Section 17A ins. by the Coconut and Oilseeds Committees Acts (Amdt.) Ordinance, 1962 (25 of 1962), s. 3. 
5Omitted by the Oilseeds Committee (Amdt.) Act, 1950, (XIX of 1950), s.12. 
6The words “and all regulations made under section 18” omitted by Act 19 of 1950, s. 13. 
7Subs. ibid., for “Gazette of India”.
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Section 10

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ral Products (Amdt) Ordinance, 1982 (X of 1982), s. 2 and Schedule. Page 4 of 5 11. Collection of duty of excise .__(1) On receiving any retur n made under section 10, the Collector shall assess the amount of the duty of excise payable under section 3 in respect of the period to which the return relates, and if the amount has not already bee n paid, shall cause a notice to be served upon

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Section 3

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11. Collection of duty of excise .__(1) On receiving any retur n made under section 10, the Collector shall assess the amount of the duty of excise payable under section 3 in respect of the period to which the return relates, and if the amount has not already bee n paid, shall cause a notice to be served upon the owner of the mill requiring him to make payment of the amount assessed within thir

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Section 10

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assessed within thirty days of the service of the notice. (2) if the owner of any mill fails to furnish in due time the return referred to in sub‑ section (1) of section 10 or furnishes a return which the Collector has reason to believe is incorrect or defective, the Collector shall assess the amount, if any payable by him in such manner as may be prescribed, and the provisions of sub‑section (

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Section 11

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or his agent at the mill. 12. Finality of assessment and recovery of unpaid duty of excise.___(1) Any owner of a mill who is aggrieved by an assess ment made under section 11 may, within three months of service of the notice referred to in sub‑section (1) of that section, apply to the District Judge, 1[* * * ] for the cancellation or modification of the assessment and, on such application, the sai

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Section 11

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e case may be, of any amount paid thereunder. (2) The decision under sub‑section (1) of the District Judge 2[* * *] shall be final. (3) Any sum recoverable under section 11 may be recovered as an arrear of land revenue. 13. Power to inspect mills and take copies of records and accounts .___(1) The Collector or any officer empowered by general or special order of the 3[Federal Government] in thi

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Section 17

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on, make rules for the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of this Act. 3[* * * * * * *] 4[17A. Penalty for contravention of rules. Rules made unde r section 17 may provide that a breach of any of them shall be punishable with fine not exceed ing one thousand rupees.] 18. 5[Omitted.] 19. Publication of rules and regulations .—All rules made under section 17 6[* * *] shall be p

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Section 17

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of any of them shall be punishable with fine not exceed ing one thousand rupees.] 18. 5[Omitted.] 19. Publication of rules and regulations .—All rules made under section 17 6[* * *] shall be published in the 7[official Gazette]. Date:-22.04.2024 1Subs. by F. A. O. 1975, Art. 2 and Table, for “Central Government”. 2Omitted by the Oilseeds Committee (Amdt.) Act, 1950

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Section 18

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cts (Amdt.) Ordinance, 1962 (25 of 1962), s. 3. 5Omitted by the Oilseeds Committee (Amdt.) Act, 1950, (XIX of 1950), s.12. 6The words “and all regulations made under section 18” omitted by Act 19 of 1950, s. 13. 7Subs. ibid., for “Gazette of India”.

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Section 2 of Factories Act, 1934

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eds, with or without the aid of hired labour; 4[(d)] “mill” means any place in which oilseeds are crushed wi th the aid of power, which is a factory as defined in section 2 of the Factories Act, 1934; (XXV of 1934). 1The Act has been extended to___ (a) the Baluchistan States Union, see the Baluchistan States Union (Federal Laws) (Extension) Order, 1953 (G. G. O. 4 of 1953), as amended; (b) the Khairpur State, see t

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not independently verified
Text quality
Complete stored UTF-8 TXT file recovered byte-for-byte from owned Drive. Source transcription retained verbatim; legal completeness, OCR accuracy and current consolidation unverified.
Recorded quality flags
No additional flags recorded
Stable record
pk-code-8aafde76545ab25b
Content extent
Legal completeness not independently established
Integrity scope
Stored UTF-8 text and TXT download bytes checked against their recorded hash. This does not establish legal authenticity or currency.
Passage offsets
zero-based Unicode code points and UTF8 bytes; end exclusive
Stored text SHA-256
685f164f7da690beb3a614e87b42a7a73ce7311db2ac11debe2fa79628b61ca6

Law, understood
in its full context.

Evolutionary

Examine institutional development, adaptation and correction.

Strategic

Examine authority, purpose and the choices before institutions.

Anticipatory

Explore emerging consequences and the safeguards they require.