Ghurki Institute of Science and Technology Act, 2026

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THE GHURKI INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 
ACT, 2026 
 
 
 
 
                                                   
 
CONTENTS 
 
CHAPTER I 
PRELIMINARY 
1.   Short title, extent and commencement 
2.  Definitions 
CHAPTER II 
THE INSTITUTE 
3.  Establishment and Incorporation of the Institute 
4.  Powers and Functions of the Institute 
5.  Jurisdiction 
6.  Institute open to all classes, creeds, etc. 
7.  Teaching at the Institute 
CHAPTER III 
OFFICERS OF THE INSTITUTE 
8.  Principal Officers 
9.  Patron 
10.  Inspection and Inquiry 
11.  Chancellor 
12.  Removal from the Board 
13.  Rector 
14.  Appointment and Removal of the Rector 
 

 
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15.  Pro-Rector 
16.  Dean 
17.  Chairpersons of teaching departments 
18.  Advisor 
19.  Registrar 
20.  Treasurer 
21.  Controller of Examinations 
CHAPTER IV 
AUTHORITIES OF THE INSTITUTE 
22.  Authorities 
23.  Board of Governors 
24.  Powers and functions of the Board 
25.  Visitation 
26.  Executive Committee 
27.  Powers and duties of the Executive Committee 
28.  Academic Council 
29.  Powers and functions of the Academic Council 
30.  Representation Committees 
31.  Appointment of Committees by certain Authorities 
CHAPTER V 
STATUTES, REGULATIONS AND RULES 
32.  Statutes 
33.  Regulations 
34.  Amendment and repeal of Statutes and Regulations 
35.  Rules 
CHAPTER VI 
                                                     INSTITUTE FUND 
36.  Institute Fund 
37.  Audits and Accounts 
 
 
 
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CHAPTER VII 
GENERAL PROVISIONS 
 
38.  Appeal to the Executive Committee and the Board 
39.  Service of the Institute 
40. Benefits and Insurance 
41.  Filling of casual vacancies in Authorities 
42.  Flaws in the constitution of Authorities 
43.  Proceedings of Authorities not invalidated by the vacancies 
44.  Removal of difficulties 
45.  Indemnity 
  
 
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THE GHURKI INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ACT, 2026 
 
ACT No. XVI OF 2026 
[17th December, 2025] 
 
AN 
ACT 
 
to provide for the establishment of the Ghurki Institute of Science and Technology 
WHEREAS it is expedient to provide for the establishment of the Ghurki Institute of Science and 
Technology in the private sector and to provide for the matters connected therewith and ancillary thereto; 
It is hereby enacted as follows:- 
CHAPTER I 
PRELIMINARY 
1.  Short title, extent and commencement.– (1) This Act may be called as the Ghurki Institute 
of Science and Technology Act, 2026.  
 
(2)  It shall come into force at once. 
 
2. Definitions.– In this Act unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context, 
 
(a) “Academic Council” means the Academic Council of the Institute; 
  
(b)  “Authority” means any of the Authorities of the Institute specified or set up in  
terms of section 22;  
 
(c) “Board” means the Board of Governors of the Institute;  
 
(d) “Chancellor” means the Chancellor of the Institute;  
 
(e)        “Commission” means the Higher Education Commission set up by the Higher  
 Education Commission Act, 2002 (LIII of 2002); 
 
(f)         “constituent college” means an educational institution, by whatever name  
 described, maintained and administered by the Institute;  
 
(g)        “Dean” means the head of a Faculty or the head of an academic body granted the 
status of a Faculty by this Act or by the Statutes or Regulations;  
 
(h)       “department” means a teaching department maintained and administered, or  
recognized by the Institute in the manner prescribed;  
 
 
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(i) “Director” means the head of an institute established as a constituent institution 
by the Institute by Statutes or Regulations in terms of the powers delegated by 
this Act;  
 
(j)         “Executive Committee” means the Executive Committee of the Institute;  
 
(k)       “Faculty” means an administrative and academic unit of the Institute consisting of 
one or more departments or schools, as prescribed; 
 
(l)        “Government” means the Federal Government;  
 
(m)    “Institute” means the Ghurki Institute of Science and Technology;  
 
(n)      “Institute Teacher” means a whole-time teacher appointed and paid by the Institute  
or recognized by the Institute;  
 
(o)      “Officer” means the Principal Officers of the Institute specified in terms of section  
8;  
 
(p)     “Patron” means the Patron of the Institute;  
 
(q)     “prescribed” means prescribed by Statutes, Regulations or Rules made under the  
Act;  
 
(r)      “Principal” means the head of a constituent unit/college;  
 
(s)      “Pro-Rector” means the Pro-Rector of the Institute;  
 
(t)       “Rector” means the Rector of the Institute;  
 
(u)      “Representation Committees” means the Representation Committees constituted  
under section 30;  
 
(v)      “Review Panel” means the Review Panel set up by the Chancellor in accordance  
with the provisions of this Act;  
 
(w)      “Search Committee” means the Search Committee set up by the Board under this  
Act;  
 
(x)   “Statutes”, “Regulations” and “Rules” mean respectively the Statutes, the 
Regulations and the Rules made under this Act and for the time being in force;  
 
(y)       “teachers” include Professors, Associate Professors, Assistant Professors and 
Lecturers engaged whole -time by the Institute or by a constituent 
unit/school/college and such other persons as may be declared to be teachers by 
Regulations; and  
 
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(z)       “Trust” means Haji Muhammad Asghar Ghurki Trust, a Trust incorporated under  
the provisions of the Societies Registration Act, 1860 (XXI of 1860) as the 
sponsoring body of the Institute. 
 
CHAPTER II 
THE INSTITUTE 
 
3. Establishment and Incorporation of the I nstitute.– (1) On commencement and in  
accordance with the provisions of this Act, there stands established an Institute to be called the Ghurki  
Institute of Science and Technology, in the Private sector. 
  
(2) The Institute shall consist of the following, namely:-  
 
(a)   The Patron, the Chancellor, the Rector, and the Pro-Rector;  
 
(b)    the members of the Authorities of the Institute established under section 22;  
 
(c)      all Institute teachers and persons recognized as students of the Institute in accordance  
          with terms prescribed from to time; and  
 
(d)     all other full-time officers and members of the staff of the Institute.  
 
(3) The Institute shall be a body corporate by the name of Ghurki Institute of Science and 
Technology and shall have perpetual succession and a common seal, and may sue and be sued by the 
said name. 
 
(4) The Institute shall be competent to acquire and hold property, both movable and immovable, 
and to lease, sell or otherwise transfer any movable and immovable property which may have become 
vested in or been acquired by it.  
 
(5) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, the Institute 
shall have academic, financial and administrative autonomy, including the power to employ officers, 
teachers and other employees on such terms as may be prescribed, subject to the terms of this Act and 
the Higher Education Commission Act, 2002 (LIII of 2002). In particular, and without prejudice to the 
authority granted to the Commission by the law, the Government or an authority or auditor appointed by 
the Government shall have no power to question the policy underlying the allocation of re sources 
approved by the Board in the annual budget of the Institute. 
 
4. Powers and Functions of the Institute. – The Institute shall have the following powers, 
namely:-  
a)  to provide for education and scholarship in such branches of knowledge as it may 
deem fit, and to make provision for research, service to society and for the 
application, advancement and dissemination of knowledge in such manner as it 
may determine;  
 
 
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b)  to decide teaching methods and strategies in order to ensure the most effective 
educational and training programs that may include virtual, on -campus, online, 
distance learning, lecture, tutorials, discussions, courses of studies, seminars, 
demonstrations and other methods of instructions as well as practical work, 
workshops, internships, apprenticeship in industries, financial institutions, 
laboratories, hospitals, and other organizations, etc.;  
 
c)  to offer joint degree, sandwich and split degree progra ms in collaboration with 
national and international universities and educational institutions;  
 
d)  to prescribe courses of studies to be conducted by it and all its constituent units; 
 
e)  to hold examinations and to award and confer degrees, diplomas, certificates and 
other academic distinctions to and on persons who have been admitted to and have 
passed its examinations under prescribed conditions;  
 
f)  to prescribe the terms and conditions of employment of the officers, teachers and 
other employees of the Institute and to lay down terms and conditions that may be 
different from those applicable to government servants in general;  
 
g)  to engage, where ne cessary, persons on contracts of specified duration and to 
specify the terms of each engagement;  
 
h)  to confer honorary degrees or other distinctions on approved persons in the 
manner prescribed; 
 
i) to provide for such instruction for persons not being students of the Institute as it 
may determine, and to grant certificates and diplomas to such persons;  
 
j)  to institute programmes for the exchange of students and  teachers between the 
Institute and o ther universities, educational institutions and research 
organizations, inside as well as outside Pakistan;  
 
k)  to provide career counselling and job search services to students and alumni;  
 
l)  to maintain linkages with alumni;  
 
m)  to develop and implement fund-raising plans;  
 
n)  to provide and support the academic development of the faculty of the Institute; 
  
o)  to confer degrees on persons who have carried out independent research under  
prescribed conditions; 
 
p)   to accept the examinations passed and the period of study spent by students of the 
Institute at other universities and places of learning equivalent to such 
 
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examinations and periods of study in the Institute, as it may prescribe, and to 
withdraw such acceptance;  
 
q)  to cooperate with other universities, public authorities or private organizations, 
inside as well as outside Pakistan, in such manner and for such purposes as it may 
determine;  
 
r)  to institute Professorships, Associate Professorships, Assistant Professorships and 
Lectureships and any other posts and to appoint persons thereto;  
 
s)  to create posts for research, extension, administration and other related purposes 
and to appoint persons thereto;  
 
t)  to recognize selected members of the teaching staff of colleges or educational 
institutions admitted to the privileges of the Institute or such other persons as it 
may deem fit, as Institute teachers; 
 
u)  to institute and award financi al assistance to students in need, fellowships, 
scholarships, bursaries, medals and prizes under prescribed conditions;  
 
v)  to establish campuses, colleges, research and study centers, constituent colleges,  
teaching departments, schools, faculties, institutes, museums and other centers of  
learning for the development of teaching and research and to make such 
arrangements for their maintenance, management and administration as it may 
determine;  
 
w)  to provide for the residence of the students of the In stitute and the constituent 
units;  
 
x)  to institute and maintain halls of residence and to approve or license hostels and 
lodging;  
 
y)  to maintain order, discipline and security on the campuses of the Institute and the  
constituent colleges/units; 
 
z)  to promote extra -curricular and recreational activities of students, and to make 
arrangements for promoting their health and general welfare; 
 
aa)  to demand and receive such fees and other charges as it may determine;  
 
bb)  to make provision for research, advisory or consultancy services and with these 
objects to enter into arrangements with other institutions, public or private bodies, 
commercial and industrial enterprises under such conditions as it may deem fit;  
 
cc)  to enter into, carry out, vary or cancel contracts;  
 
 
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dd)  to receive and manage property transferred and grants, contributions made to the 
Institute and to invest any fund representing such property, grants, bequests, trusts, 
gifts, donations, endowments or contributions in such manner as it may deem fit; 
 
ee)  to provide for the printing and publication of research and other works; and  
 
ff)  to do all such other acts and things, whether incidental to the powers aforesaid or 
not, as may be requisite or expedient in order to further the objectives of the 
Institute as a place of education, learning, and research, professional and technical 
training, special stud ies, and for safeguarding tangible and intangible cultural 
heritage. 
 
5. Jurisdiction.—(1) The jurisdiction of the Institute shall extend to the whole of Pakistan.  
 
(2) The principal seat of the Institute shall be in Lahore and it may set up any number of 
campuses, at such places in Pakistan and abroad as the Board may determine.  
 
6. Institute open to all classes, creeds, etc. – (1) The Institute shall be open to all  persons of 
either gender and of whatever religion, race, creed, class, colour or domicile and no person shall be 
denied the privileges of the Institute on the grounds of religion, race, caste, creed, class, colour or 
domicile.  
 
(2) An increase in any fee or charge that is in excess of ten percent per annum on an  annualised 
basis from the last such increase may not be made except in special circumstances, and only with the 
approval of the Chancellor. 
(3) The campuses and educational institutions affiliated with the Institute, irrespective of the 
names under which they are established, shall ensure that twenty-five percent of the total intake: in each 
discipline of study is allocated to deserving studen ts, who meet the eligibility criteria defined by the 
Government. These students will be admitted free of cost on the basis of merit, without discrimination 
based on sex, caste, creed, or race. This provision shall specifically apply to children of martyrs 
(Shaheed), orphans, children of beneficiaries of the Benazir Income Support Programme (BISP), and 
students from financially disadvantaged backgrounds, who cannot afford educational expenses. 
Furthermore, Priority shall be given to students from less -developed areas, as defined by the 
Government. The admission process and selection criteria shall be in accordance with the guidelines and 
mechanisms established by the Government to ensure transparency and fairness in the allocation of these 
seats. 
7. Teaching at the Institute.– (1) All recognized teaching in various courses shall be conducted 
by the Institute or the constituent colleges/units in the prescribed manner and may include lectures, 
tutorials, discussions, seminars, demonstrations, online, distance le arning and other methods of 
instruction as well as practical work in the laboratories, hospitals, workshops and other governmental or 
private organizations.  
 
(2) The authority responsible for organizing recognized teaching shall be such as may be 
prescribed. 
 
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CHAPTER III 
OFFICERS OF THE INSTITUTE 
 
8. Principal Officers.– The following shall be the principal officers of the Institute, namely:-  
 
(a) the Patron;  
 
(b) the Chancellor;  
 
(c) the Rector;  
 
(d) the Pro-Rector;  
 
(e) the Deans;  
 
(f) the Principals of the constituent colleges/units;  
 
(g) the Chairpersons of the teaching departments; 
  
(h) the Advisor;  
 
(i) the Registrar; 
  
(j) the Treasurer;  
 
(k) the Controller of Examinations; and 
 
(l) such other persons as may be prescribed by the Statutes or Regulations to be the 
Principal Officers of the Institute. 
 9. Patron.- (1) The President of Islamic Republic of Pakistan shall be the Patron of the 
Institute.  
(2) The Patron shall, when present, preside at the convocation of the Institute. In the absence of 
the Patron, the Chancellor shall preside over the convocation of the Institute.  
(3) Every proposal to confer an honorary degree shall be subject to confirmation by the Patron. 
10. Inspection and Inquiry.- (1) The Patron may, in accordance with the terms and procedures 
as may be prescribed, cause an inspection or inquiry to be made on his own motion or at the request of 
the Commission in respect of any matter connected with the affairs of the Institute and shall, from time 
to time, direct any person or persons to inquire into or carry out inspection of – 
a)  The Institute, its buildings, laboratories, libraries, and other facilities;  
b)  Any institution, department or hostel maintained by the Institute;  
c)  The adequacy of financial and human resources;  
 
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d)  The teaching, research, curriculum, examinations and other matters of the 
Institute; and  
e)  Such other matters as the Patron may specify. 
(2) The Patron shall communicate to the Board his views with regard to the result of visitation 
and shall, after ascertaining the views of the Board, advise the Chancellor on the action to be taken by 
him.  
 
(3) The Chancellor shall, within such time as may be specified by the Patron, communicate to 
him such action, if any, as has been taken or may be proposed  to be taken upon the results of the 
visitation.  
 
(4) Where the Board does not, within the time specified, take action to the satisfaction of the 
Patron, the Patron may issue such directions as he deems fit and the Board shall comply with all  
such directions: 
Provided that no action under subsection (4) shall be taken unless the Chancellor is afforded an 
opportunity of being heard.  
11. Chancellor.– (1) The Board of Trustees of the Trust shall appoint a person as Chancellor of 
the Institute in such manner and on such terms and conditions as it may determine.  
(2) The members of the Board as well as the Rector shall be appointed by the Chancellor  from 
amongst the persons recommended by the Representation Committee set up for this purpose or the 
Search Committee established in accordance with the Act and the Statutes, as the case may be. 
(3) If the Chancellor is satisfied that serious irregularity or mismanagement with respect to the 
affairs of the Institute has occurred, he may – 
(a)  as regards proceedings of the Board, direct that specified proceedings be 
reconsidered and appropriate action taken within one month of the direction 
having been issued: 
Provided that if the Chancellor is satisfied that either no reconsideration 
has been carried out or that the reconsideration has failed to address the concern 
expressed, he may, after calling upon the Board to show cause in writing, appoint 
a three-member Review Panel to examine and report to the Chancellor on the 
functioning of the Board. The report of the Review Panel shall be submitted within 
such time as may be determined by the Chancellor. The Review Panel shall be 
drawn from persons of eminence in academics and in the fields of law, 
accountancy and administration; and 
(b)  as regards p roceedings of any Authority or with respect to matters within the 
competence of any Authority other than the Board, direct the Board to exercise 
powers under this Act. 
 
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12. Removal from the Board .– (1) The Chancellor may, upon the recommendation of the 
Review Panel, remove any person from the membership of the Board on the ground that such person: 
(a)  has become of unsound mind; or  
(b)  has become incapacitated to function as member of the Board; or  
(c)  has been convicted by a court of law for an offence involving moral turpitude; or  
(d)  has absented himself from two consecutive meetings without just cause; or  
(e)  has been guilty of misconduct, including use of position for personal advantage 
of any kind, or gross inefficiency in the performance of functions. 
(2) The Chancellor shall remove any person from the membership of the Board on a resolution 
calling for the removal of such person supported by at least three-fourth of the membership of the Board:  
Provided that before passing such resolution, th e Board shall provide the member concerned a 
fair hearing. 
 Provided further that the provisions of this section shall not be applicable to the Rector in his 
capacity as a member of the Board. 
13. Rector.– (1) There shall be a Rector of the Institute who s hall be an eminent academic or a 
distinguished administrator and shall be appointed on such terms and conditions as may be determined 
by the Board. 
(2) The Rector shall be the chief executive officer of the Institute responsible for all 
administrative and academic functions of the Institute and for ensuring that the provisions of the Act, 
Statutes, Regulations and Rules are faithfully observed in order to promote the general efficiency and 
good order of the Institute. The Rector shall have all powers prescribed for this purpose, including 
administrative control over the officers, teachers and other employees of the Institute as may be entrusted 
to him by the Chancellor or the Board.  
 
(3) The Rector shall, if present, be entitled to attend any meeting of any Authority or body of the 
Institute. 
 
(4) The Rector may, in an emergency that in his opinion requires immediate action ordinarily not 
in the competence of the Rector, take such action and forward, within seventy-two hours, a report of the 
action taken to the members of the Emergency Committee of the Board, to be set up by Statute. The 
Emergency Committee may direct such further action as is considered appropriate.  
 
(5) The Rector shall also have the following powers, namely:– 
 
(a)  to direct teachers, officers and other employees of the Institute to take up such 
assignments in connection with examination, administration and such other 
activities in the Institute as he may consider necessary for the purposes of the 
Institute;  
 
 
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(b)  to sanction by re-appropriation an amount not exceeding an amount prescribed by 
the Board for an unforeseen item not provided for in the budget and report it to 
the Board at the next meeting;  
 
(c) to make appointments of such categories of employees of the Institute and in such 
manner as may be prescribed by the Statutes;  
 
(d) to suspend, punish and remove from service, in accordance with prescribed 
procedure, officers, teachers and other employees  of the Institute except those 
appointed by or with the approval of the Board; 
 
(e) to delegate, subject to such conditions as may be prescribed, any of his powers 
under this Act to an officer or officers of the Institute; and 
 
(f) to exercise and perform such other powers and functions as may be prescribed. 
 
(6) The Rector shall present an annual report before the Board within three months of the close 
of the academic year. The annual report shall present such information as regards the academic year 
under review as may be prescribed, including disclosure of all relevant facts pertaining to:- 
(a)  academics;  
 
(b)  research;  
 
(c)  administration; and  
 
(d)  finances. 
14. Appointment and Removal of the Rector.– (1) The Rector shall be appointed by the 
Chancellor on the basis of recommendations made by the Board. 
 
(2) A Search Committee for the recommendation of persons suitable for appointment as Rector 
shall be constituted by the Board on the date and in the manner prescribed by the Statutes and shall 
consist of two eminent members of society nominated by the Chancellor, of whom one shall be appointed 
the Convenor, two members of the Board, two distinguished Institute Teachers who are not members of 
the Board and one academic of eminence not employed by the Institute. The two distinguished Institute 
Teachers shall be selected by the Board through a process to be determined by it. The Search Committee 
shall remain in existence till such time that the appointment of the next Rector has been made by the 
Chancellor. 
 
(3) The persons proposed by the Search Committee for appointment as Rector shall be considered 
by the Board and of these, a panel of three, if available, in order of priority, shall be recommended by 
the Board to the Chancellor: 
 
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Provided that the Chancellor may decline to appoint any of the persons r ecommended and seek 
recommendation of a fresh panel. In the event of a fresh recommendation being sought by the Chancellor, 
the Search Committee shall make a proposal to the Board in the prescribed manner. 
(4) The term of an incumbent Rector shall be renewed by the Chancellor on receipt of a resolution 
of the Board in support of such renewal:  
Provided that the Chancellor may call upon the Board to reconsider such resolution once.  
(5) The Board may, pursuant to a resolution in this behalf passed by three -fourths of its 
membership, recommend to the Chancellor the removal of the Rector on the ground of inefficiency, 
moral turpitude or physical or mental incapacity or gross misconduct, including misuse of position for 
personal advantage of any kind: 
Provided t hat the Chancellor may make a reference to the Board stating the instances of 
inefficiency, moral turpitude or physical or mental incapacity or gross misconduct on the part of the 
Rector that have come to his notice. After consideration of the reference, t he Board may, pursuant to a 
resolution in this behalf passed by two -thirds of its membership, recommend to the Chancellor the 
removal of the Rector: 
Provided further that prior to a resolution for the removal of the Rector being voted upon, the 
Rector shall be given an opportunity of being heard. 
(6) A resolution recommending the removal of the Rector shall be submitted to the Chancellor 
forthwith. The Chancellor may accept the recommendation and order removal of the Rector or return the 
recommendation to the Board.  
(7) At any time when the office of the Rector is vacant, or the Rector is absent or is unable to 
perform the functions of his office due to illness or some other cause, the Pro -Rector shall perform the 
duties of the Rector and in the absence of the Pro-Rector, the Chancellor shall make such arrangements 
for the performance of the duties of the Rector as he may deem fit. 
15. Pro -Rector.- (1) There shall be one or more than one Pro -Rectors of the Institute to be 
appointed by the Board in such manner and on such terms and conditions as may be determined by the 
Board.  
 
(2) The Pro-Rector shall perform such functions and duties as may be assigned by the Chancellor, 
the Board or the Rector from time to time. 
 
16. Dean.- (1) There shall be a Dean of each faculty or a group of faculties to be appointed by 
the Board on the recommendation of the Rector, on such terms and conditions as may be determined.  
 
(2) The Dean shall be in-charge of a faculty or a group of faculties and shall assist the Rector on 
the matters related to teaching, research, academic program and extension of other development projects.  
 
(3) Subject to overall supervision of the Rector, the Dean shall formulate and recommend to the 
Academic Council, rules and regulations relating to academic and research matters of the faculty. 
 
 
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(4) The Dean shall also have the following powers, namely;- 
 
a)       to collaborate with universities, industry and other research organizations;  
 
b)  to formulate recommendations to the Academic Council  on the courses of study 
to be taught in different departments of the faculty;  
c)  to co-ordinate the award of fellowships, stipends, medals and prizes; 
 
d)  to co-ordinate the teaching and research work of the faculty;  
 
e)  to perform such other functions and exercise such other powers as may be 
entrusted or delegated to him by the Board or the Rector; and  
  
f)  to delegate any of his powers to appropriate levels of management subjects to such 
conditions as he may deem fit. 
 
17. Chairpersons of teaching departments. - (1) The Chairperson of a teaching or research 
department, Principal of a constituent college or Director of a constituent institute shall be appointed by 
the Chancellor on the recommendation of the Rector.  
 
(2) The Chairperson of a teaching or research department, Principal of a constituent college or 
Director of a constituent institute shall be appointed from amongst the three senior most Professors of a 
teaching or research department, constituent college or constituent institute for such period as may be 
determined by the Chancellor, and shall be eligible for re -appointment but if, in a teaching or research 
department, constituent college or constituent institute, no Professor is available, the appointment shall 
be made from amongst the three senior most Associate Professors of a teaching or research department, 
constituent college or constituent institute: 
 
Provided that in a teaching or resear ch department, constituent college or constituent institute, 
where there is no Professor or Associate Professor is available, no such appointment shall be made and 
a teaching or research department, constituent college or constituent institute shall be looked after by the 
Dean of the Faculty with the assistance of the senior most teacher of a teaching or research department, 
constituent college or constituent institute.  
 
(3) The Chairperson shall plan, organize and supervise the work of a teaching or resea rch 
department, constituent college or constituent institute, as the case may be, and shall be responsible to 
the Dean for the work assigned to him. 
 
18. Advisor.—The Advisor to Chancellor may be appointed by the Chancellor in such manner 
and on such terms and conditions as may be determined by the Chancellor. The Advisor shall advise the 
Chancellor on following matters:- 
 
a) academic and operational issues;  
 
b) proper conduct of the business of the Board and regulatory matters of the Institute; 
and  
 
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c) Assist in any other matter as may be required by the Chancellor from time to time. 
 
19. Registrar.– (1) There shall be a Registrar of the Institute, to be appointed by the Board on 
the recommendation of the Rector, on such terms and conditions as may be determined.  
 
(2) The experience as well as the professional and academic qualifications necessary for 
appointment to the post of the Registrar shall be as may be prescribed.  
 
(3) The Registrar shall be a full-time officer of the Institute and shall,– 
 
(a) be the administrative head of the secretariat of the Institute and be responsible 
for the provision of secretariat support to the Authorities of the Institute;  
 
(b) be the custodian of the common seal and the academic records of the Institute;  
 
(c) maintain a register of registered graduates in the prescribed manner;  
 
(d)  supervise the process of election, appointment or nomination of members to the  
various authorities and other bodies in the prescribed manner; and  
 
(e) perform such other duties as may be prescribed. 
 
(4) The Board may, on the advice of the Rector, terminate the appointment of the Registrar on 
grounds of inefficiency or misconduct in accordance with prescribed procedure.  
20. Treasurer.– (1) There shall be a Treasurer of the Institute, to be appointed by the Board on 
the recommendation of the Rector, on such terms and conditions as may be determined.  
(2) The experience and the professional and academic qualifications necessary for appointment 
to the post of the Treasurer shall be as may be prescribed. 
(3) The Treasurer shall be the chief financial officer of the Institute and shall,– 
 
(a) manage the assets, liabilities, receipts, expenditures, funds and investments of 
the Institute with approval from the Chancellor;  
 
(b) prepare the annual and revised budget estimates of the Institute and present them 
to the Executive Committee or any other committee thereof for approval and 
incorporation in the budget to be presented to the Board;  
 
(c) ensure that the funds of the Institute are expended on the purposes for which they 
are provided;  
 
(d) have the accounts of the Institute audited annually so  as to be available for 
submission to the Board within six months of the close of the financial year; and  
 
 
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(e) perform such other duties as may be prescribed. 
 
(4) The Board may, on the advice of the Rector, terminate the appointment of the Treasurer on 
grounds of inefficiency or misconduct in accordance with prescribed procedure.  
 
21. Controller of Examinations.– (1) There shall be a Controller of Examinations of the 
Institute, to be appointed by the Board on the recommendation of the Rector, on such terms and 
conditions as may be determined. 
 
(2) The minimum qualifications necessary for appointment to the post of the Controller of  
Examinations shall be as may be prescribed.  
 
(3) The Controller of Examinations shall be a full-time officer of the Institute and shall be 
responsible for all matters connected with the conduct of examinations and perform such other duties as 
may be prescribed.  
 
(4) The Board may, on the advice of the Rector, terminate the appointment of the Controller  
of Examinations on grounds of inefficiency or misconduct in accordance with prescribed procedure. 
 
CHAPTER IV 
AUTHORITIES OF THE INSTITUTE 
 
22. Authorities.– (1) The following shall be the Authorities of the Institute, namely:–  
 
(a)  Authorities established by the Act,–  
(i)  the Board of Governors;  
(ii)  the Executive Committee; and  
(iii)  the Academic Council; 
  (b)       Authorities to be established by the Statutes, –  
 
(i)           Board of Studies;  
(ii)          Board of Advanced Studies and Research;  
(iii)          Selection Board;  
(iv)           Finance and Planning Committee;  
(v)            Search Committee for the appointment of the Rector;  
(vi)            Representation Committee for appointment to the Board, Executive 
Committee and the Academic Council;  
 
(vii)           Quality Assurance Committee; and  
 
(viii)          Discipline Committee. 
 
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(2) The Board, the Executive Committee and the Academic Council may set up such other 
committees or sub-committees, by whatever name described, as are considered desirable from time to 
time. Such committees or sub -committees shall be Authorities of the Institute for the purposes of this 
Act. 
 
23. Board of Governors.– (1) The body responsible for the governance of the Institute shall be 
described as the Board of Governors, and shall consist of the following, namely: – 
 
(a) the Chancellor who shall be the Chairperson of the Board;  
 
(b) two trustees of the Trust;  
 
(c) the Rector;  
 
(d) Nominee of Federal Government not below the rank of Additional  
Secretary of the Federal Ministry dealing with the subject of education;  
 
(e) four persons from society at large being persons of distinction in the fields of 
administration, management, education, academics, law, accountancy, medicine, 
fine arts, architecture, agriculture, science, technology and engineering such that 
the appointment of these persons reflects a balance across the various fields;  
 
(f) one person from amongst the alumni of the Institute; 
  
(g) two persons from the academic community of the country, other than an employee 
of the Institute, at the level of professor or principal of a college;  
 
(h) four Institute Teachers; and  
 
(i)  one person nominated by the Commission 
 
(2) The numbers of the members of the Board described against clauses (f) to (h) of sub-section 
(1) may be increased by the Board through Statutes subject to condition that the total membership of the 
Board does not exceed twenty -one, with a maximum of five Institute Teacher s, and the increase is 
balanced, to the extent possible, across the different categories specified in sub-section (1).  
 
(3) All appointments to the Board shall be made by the Chancellor. Appointments of persons 
described in clauses (f) to (h) of sub-section (1) shall be made from amongst a panel of three names for 
each vacancy recommended by the Representation Committee set up in terms of section 30 and in 
accordance with procedure as may be determined: 
 
Provided that effort shall be made, without compromising on quality or qualification, to give fair 
representation to women on the Board.  
 
(4) Members of the Board, other than ex-officio members, shall hold office for three years:  
 
 
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Provided that no person, other than an ex-officio member, may serve on the Board for more than 
two consecutive terms:  
 
Provided further that the Institute Teachers appointed to the Board may not serve for two  
consecutive terms. 
 
(5) The Board shall meet at least twice in a calendar year.  
 
(6) Service on the Board shall be on honorary basis:  
 
Provided that actual expenses may be reimbursed as determined.  
 
(7) The Registrar shall be the Secretary of the Board.  
 
(8) In the absence of the Chancellor, meetings of the Board shall be presided o ver by such a 
member, not being an employee of the Institute or the Government, as the Chancellor may, from time to 
time, nominate. The member so nominated shall be the Convener of the Board.  
 
(9) Unless otherwise prescribed by this Act, all decisions of the Board shall be taken on the basis 
of the opinion of a majority of the members present. In the event of the members being evenly divided 
on any matter the person presiding over the meeting shall have a casting vote.  
 
(10) The quorum for a meeting of the Board shall be two-thirds of its membership, a fraction  
being counted as one. 
 
24. Powers and functions of the Board. – (1) The Board shall have the power of general 
supervision over the Institute and shall hold the Rector and the Authorities accountable for all the 
functions of the Institute. The Board shall have all powers of the Institute not expressly vested in an 
Authority or officer by the Act and all other powers not expressly mentioned by this Act that are 
necessary for the performance of its functions.  
 
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing powers, the Board shall have the 
following powers:- 
 
(a)  to approve the proposed annual plan of work, the annual and revised budgets,  
the annual report and the annual statement of account;  
 
(b)  to hold, control and lay down policy for the administration of the property, funds 
and investments of the Institute, including the approval of the sale and purchase 
or acquisition of immovable property;  
 
(c)  to enter into, vary, carry out and cancel contracts on behalf of the Institute;  
 
(d)  to receive and manage any property transferred, and grants, bequests, trust, gifts, 
donations, endowments, and other contributions made to the Institute;  
 
 
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(e)  to oversee the quality and relevance of the Institute’ s academic programmes and 
to review the academic affairs of the Institute in general;  
 
(f)  to approve the appointment of the Professors, Associate Professors and such other 
senior faculty and senior administrators as may be deem fit;  
 
(g) to institute schemes, directions and guidelines for the terms and conditions of 
appointment of all officers, teachers and other employees of the Institute; 
 
(h) to approve strategic plans;  
 
(i) to approve financial resource development plans of the Institute;  
 
(j) to consider the drafts of Statutes and Regulations proposed by the Executive 
Committee and the Academic Council and deal with them in the manner as 
provided for in sections 32 and 33, as the case may be: 
 
Provided that the Board may frame a Statute or Regulation on its own 
initiative and approve it after calling for the advice of the Executive Commi ttee 
or the Academic Council as the case may be; 
 
(k)  to annul by order in writing the proceedings of any Authority or officer if the 
Board is satisfied that such proceedings are not in accordance with the provisions 
of the Act, Statutes or Regulations after calling upon such Authority or officer to 
show cause why such proceedings should not be annulled;  
 
(l) to recommend to the Chancellor removal of any member of the Board in 
accordance with the provisions of the Act;  
 
(m)  to make appointment of members of the Executive Committee, other than ex- 
officio members, in accordance with the provisions of the Act;  
 
(n)  to make appointment of members of the Academic Council, other than ex- 
officio members, in accordance with the provisions of the Act;  
 
(o)  to appoint Emeritus Professors on such terms and conditions as may be prescribed;  
 
(p)  to remove any person from the membership of any Authority if such person: 
 
(i) has become of unsound mind; or  
 
(ii) has become incapacitated to function as member of such Authority; or  
 
(iii)  has been convicted by a court of law for an offence involving moral 
turpitude; and 
 
 
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(q)  to determine the form, provide for the custody and regulate the use of the common 
seal of the Institute. 
 
(3) The Board may, subject to the provisions of the Act, delegate all or any of the powers and 
functions of any Authority, officer or employee of the Institute at its main campus, to any Authority, 
committee, officer or employee at its additional campuses for the purpose of exercising such powers and 
performing such functions in relation to such additional campuses, and for this purpose, the Board may 
create new posts or positions at the additional campuses.  
 
25. Visitation. – The Board may, in accordance with the terms and procedures as may be 
determined, cause an inspection to be made in respect of any matter connected with the Institute. 
  
26. Executive Committee.– (1) There shall be an Executive Committee of the Institute consisting 
of the following:– 
 
a. the Rector who shall be its Chairperson;  
 
b. the Pro-Rectors;  
 
c. the Advisor;  
 
d. the Deans of the Faculties of the Institute;  
 
e.  three Professors from different departments, who are not members of the Board,  
to be elected by the Institute Teachers in accordance with procedure to be 
determined by the Board;  
 
f.  the Registrar;  
 
g.  the Treasurer; and  
 
h.  the Controller of Examinations. 
 
(2) Members of the Executive Committee, other than ex-officio members, shall hold office for 
three years.  
 
(3) As regards the three Professors described in clause (e) of sub -section (1), the Board may, as 
an alternative to elections, determine a procedure for proposal of a panel of names by the Representation 
Committee set up in terms of section 30. Appointment  of persons proposed by the Representation 
Committee may be made by the Board on the recommendation of the Rector.  
 
(4) The quorum for a meeting of the Executive Committee shall be one -half of the total number 
of members, a fraction being counted as one.  
 
(5) The Executive Committee shall meet at least once in each quarter of the year.  
 
 
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(6) The Registrar shall be the Secretary of the Executive Committee. 
 
27. Powers and duties of the Executive Committee. – (1) The Executive Committee shall be 
the executive body of the Institute and shall, subject to the provisions of the Act and the Statutes, exercise 
general supervision over the affairs and management of the Institute.  
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing powers, and subject to the provisions of 
the Act, the Statutes and directions of the Board, the Executive Committee shall have the following 
powers:– 
 
(a) to consider the annual report, the annual and revised budget estimates and to 
submit these to the Board;  
 
(b)  to cause proper books of account to be kept for all sums of money received and  
expended by the Institute and for the assets and liabilities of the Institute;  
 
(c) to administer any funds placed at the disposal of the Institute for specified 
purposes; 
 
(d)  to provide the buildings, libraries, premises, furniture, apparatus, equipment and  
other means required for carrying out the work of the Institute;  
 
(e)  to establish and maintain halls of residence and hostels or approve or license 
hostels or lodgings for the residence of students;  
 
(f)  to recommend to the Board admission of educational institutions to the privileges 
of the Institute and withdraw such privileges;  
 
(g)  to arrange for the inspection of constituent colleges and the departments;  
 
(h)  to institute Professorships, Associate Professorships, Assistant Professorships, 
Lectureships, and other teaching posts or to suspend or to abolish such posts;  
 
(i) to create, suspend or abolish such administrative or other posts as may be 
necessary;  
 
(j)  to prescribe the duties of officers, teachers and other employees of the Institute;  
 
(k)  to report to the Board on matters with respect to which it has been asked to report;  
 
(l)  to appoint members to various Authorities in accordance with the provisions of  
the Act;  
 
(m) to propose drafts of Statutes for submission to the Board;  
 
(n) to regulate the conduct and discipline of the students of the Institute;  
 
 
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(o) to take actions necessary for the good administration of the Institute in general 
and to this end exercise such powers as are necessary;  
 
(p)  to delegate any of its powers to any Authority or officer or a committee; and  
 
(q)  to perform such other functions as have been assigned to it by the provisions of 
the Act or may be assigned to it by the Statutes. 
 
28. Academic Council.– (1) There shall be an Academic Council of the Institute consisting of 
the following:– 
 
a. the Rector who shall be its Chairperson;  
 
b. the Pro-Rectors;  
 
c.  the Deans of Faculties and such heads of departments as may be determined by 
the Board;  
 
d.  five members representing the departments, institutes and the constituent colleges  
to be elected in the manner determined by the Board;  
 
e. five Professors including Emeritus Professors;  
 
f. the Registrar;  
 
g. the Director QEC;  
 
h.  the Director ORIC; 
 
i. the Controller of Examinations; and  
 
j. the Librarian. 
 
(2) The Board shall appoint the members of the Academic Council, other than the ex-officio and 
the elected members, on the recommendation of the Rector: 
 
Provided that as regards the five professors and the members representing the departments, 
institutes and the constituent colleges, the Board may, as an alternative to elections, determine a 
procedure for proposal of a panel of names by the Representation Committee set up in terms of section 
30. Appointment of persons proposed by the Representation Committee m ay be made by the Board on 
the recommendation of the Rector. 
 
(3) Members of the Academic Council shall hold office for three years.  
 
(4) The Academic Council shall meet at least once in each quarter. 
.  
 
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(5) The quorum for meetings of the Academic Council  shall be one half of the total number of 
members, a fraction being counted as one.  
 
(6) The Registrar shall be the Secretary of the Academic Council. 
 
29. Powers and functions of the Academic Council .– (1) The Academic Council shall be the 
principal academic body of the Institute and shall, subject to the provisions of the Act and the Statutes, 
have the power to lay down proper standards of instruction, research and examinations and to regulate 
and promote the academic life of the Institute and the constituent colleges. 
 
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing powers, and subject to the provisions of 
this Act and the Statutes, the Academic Council shall have the power to– 
 
(a) approve the policies and procedures pertaining to the quality of academic 
programmes;  
 
(b) approve academic programmes;  
 
(c) approve the policies and procedures pertaining to student related functions 
including admissions, expulsions, punishments, examinations and certification;  
 
(d) approve the policies and procedures assuring quality of teaching and research;  
 
(e) propose to the Executive Committee schemes for the constitution and organization 
of faculties, teaching departments and boards of studies; 
  
(f) appoint paper setters and examiners for all examinations of the Institute after 
receiving panels of names from the relevant authorities;  
 
(g) institute programmes for the continued professional development of Institute 
Teachers at all levels; 
 
(h) recognize the examinations of  other universities or examining bodies as 
equivalent to the corresponding examinations of the Institute;  
 
(i) regulate the award of studentships, scholarships, exhibitions, medals and prizes;  
 
(j)  frame Regulations for submission to the Board;  
 
(k) prepare an annual report on the academic performance of the Institute; and  
 
(l) perform such functions as may be prescribed by Regulations. 
 
30. Representation Committees. – (1) There shall be a Representation Committee constituted 
by the Board through Statute for recommendation of persons for appointment to the Board in accordance 
with the provisions of section 23. 
 
 
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(2) There shall also be a Representation Committee constituted by the Board through Statute for 
the recommendation of persons for appointment to the Executive Committee and the Academic Council 
in accordance with the provisions of sections 26 and 28. 
 
(3) Members of the Representation Committee for appointments to the Board shall consist of the 
following:– 
 
(a) three members of the Board who are not Institute Teachers;  
 
(b)  two persons nominated by the Institute Teachers from amongst themselves in the  
manner prescribed;  
 
(c)  one person from the academic community, not employed by the Institute, at the  
level of professor or college principal to be nominated by the Institu te Teachers 
in the manner prescribed; and  
 
(d)  one eminent citizen with experience in administration, philanthropy, development  
work, law or accountancy to be nominated by the Board. 
 
(4) The Representation Committee for appointments to the Executive Committee and the 
Academic Council shall consist of the following:- 
 
(a) two members of the Board who are not Institute Teachers; and  
 
(b)  three persons nominated by the Institute Teachers from amongst themselves in  
the manner prescribed. 
 
(5) The tenure of the Representation Committees shall be three years: Provided that no member 
shall serve for more than two consecutive terms. 
  
(6) The procedures of the Representation Committees shall be as may be prescribed. 
 
(7) There may also be such other Representation Committees set up by any of the other 
Authorities of the Institute as are considered appropriate for recommending persons for appoint ment to 
the various Authorities and other bodies of the Institute. 
 
31. Appointment of Committees by certain Authorities. – (1) The Board, the Executive 
Committee, the Academic Council and other Authorities may, from time to time, appoint such standing, 
special or advisory committees, as they may deem fit, and may place on such committee persons who 
are not members of the Authorities appointing the Committees.  
 
(2) The constitution, functions and powers of the Authorities for which no specific provision has 
been made in this Act shall be such as may be prescribed by Statutes or Regulations. 
 
 
 
 
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CHAPTER V 
STATUTES, REGULATIONS AND RULES 
 
32. Statutes. – (1) Subject to the provisions of the Act, Statutes may be made to regulate or 
prescribe all or any of the following matters:– 
 
(a)  the contents of and the manner in which the annual report to be presented by the  
Rector before the Board shall be prepared;  
 
(b) the Institute fees and other charges;  
 
(c)  the constitution of any pension, insurance, gratuity, provident fund and benevolent  
fund for Institute employees;  
 
(d) the scales of pay and other terms and conditions of service of officers, teachers 
and other Institute employees;  
 
(e) the maintenance of the register of registered graduates;  
 
(f) admission of educational institutions to the privileges of the Institute and the 
withdrawal of such privileges;  
 
(g)  the establishment of faculties, departments, institutes, constituent colleges and  
other academic divisions;  
 
(h)  the powers and duties of officers and teachers;  
 
(i)  conditions under which the Institute may enter into arrangements with other  
institutions or with public bodies for purposes of research and advisory services;  
 
(j)  conditions for appointment of Emeritus Professors and award of honorary 
degrees;  
 
(k) efficiency and discipline of Institute employees;  
 
(l)  the constitution and procedure to be followed by Representation Committees in  
carrying out functions in terms of this Act;  
 
(m)  the constitution and procedure to be followed by the Search Committee for  
appointment of the Rector;  
 
(n) constitution, functions and powers of the Authorities of the Institute; and  
 
(o)  all other matters which by this Act are to be or may be prescribed or regulated by  
Statutes. 
 
 
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(2) The draft of Statutes shall be proposed by the Executive Committee to the Board which may 
approve or pass with such modifications as the Board may think fit or may refer back to the Executive 
Committee, as the case may be, for reconsideration of the proposed draft: 
 
Provided that Statutes concerning any of the m atters mentioned in clauses (a) and (k) of sub - 
section (1) shall be initiated and approved by the Board, after seeking the views of the Executive 
Committee:  
 
Provided further that the Board may initiate a Statute wit h respect to any matter in its power or 
with respect to which a Statute may be framed in terms of the Act and approve such Statute after seeking 
the views of the Executive Committee. 
 
33. Regulations.– (1) Subject to the provisions of the Act and the Statues, the Academic Council 
may make Regulations for all or any of the following matters:- 
 
(a) the courses of study for degrees, diplomas and certificates of the Institute;  
 
(b)  the manner in which the teaching referred to in sub-section (1) of section 7 shall  
be organized and conducted;  
 
(c)        the admission and expulsion of students to and from the Institute;  
 
(d)  the conditions under which students shall be admitted to the courses and the  
examinations of the Institute and shall become eligible for the award of degrees,  
diplomas and certificates;  
 
(e)  the conduct of examinations;  
 
(f)  conditions under which a person may carry on independent research to entitle  
him to a degree;  
 
(g) the institution of fellowships, scholarships, exhibitions, medals and prizes;  
 
(h)  the use of the Library;  
 
(i) the formation of faculties, departments and board of studies; and  
 
(j)  all other matters which by the Act or the Statutes are to be or may be prescribed  
by Regulations. 
 
(2) Regulations shall be proposed by the Academic Council and shall be submitted to the Board 
which may approve them or withhold approval or refer them back  to the Academic Council for 
reconsideration. A Regulation proposed by the Academic Council shall not be effective unless it receives 
the approval of the Board.  
 
 
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(3) Regulations regarding or incidental to matters contained in sub -clauses (g) and (i) shall  not 
be submitted to the Board without the prior approval of the Executive Committee. 
 
34. Amendment and repeal of Statutes and Regulations. – The procedure for adding to, 
amending or repealing the Statutes and the Regulations shall be the same as that prescribed respectively 
for framing or making Statutes and Regulations.  
 
35. Rules.– (1) The Authorities and the other bodies of the Institute may make Rules consistent 
with the Act, Statutes or the Regulations, to regulate any matter relating to the affairs of the Institute 
which has not been provided for by the Act or that is not requir ed to be regulated by Statutes or 
Regulations, including rules to regulate the conduct of business and the time and place of meetings and 
related matters.  
 
(2) Rules shall become effective upon approval by the Executive Committee. 
 
CHAPTER VI 
                                                     INSTITUTE FUND 
 
36. Institute Fund.– The Institute shall have a fund to which shall be credited its income from 
fees, charges, donations, trusts, bequests, endowments, contributions, grants and all other sources.  
 
37. Audits and Accounts. – (1) The Accounts of the Institute shall be maintaine d in such form 
and in such manner as may be determined by the Board and shall be audited each year within four months 
of the closing of the financial year of the Institute by an independent Chartered Accountant appointed by 
the Board.  
 
(2) The accounts, together with the report of the auditor thereon, shall be submitted to the Board 
for approval.  
 
(3) The auditor’s report shall clarify that the auditor complied with the standards of audit and 
certification laid down by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Pakistan. 
 
             CHAPTER VII 
GENERAL PROVISIONS 
 
38. Appeal to the Executive Committee and the Board. – Where an order is passed punishing 
any officer (other than the Rector), teacher or other employee of the Institute or altering or interpreti ng 
to his disadvantage the prescribed terms or conditions of his service, he shall, where the order is passed 
by any officer or teacher of the Institute other than the Rector, have the right to appeal to the Executive 
Committee against the order, and where the order is passed by the Rector, have the right to appeal to the 
Board. 
 
 
 
 
 
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39. Service of the Institute.– (1) The Institute may employ such persons in its service as may be 
necessary, on such terms and conditions as may be determined by the Board or prescribed by Statutes.  
 
40. Benefits and Insurance. – (1) The Institute may constitute for the benefit of its o fficers, 
teachers and other employees schemes, as may be determined, for the provision of post -employment 
benefits as well as health and life insurance while in service.  
 
41. Filling of casual vacancies in Authorities.– Any casual vacancy among the members of any 
Authority shall be filled, as soon as conveniently may be, in the same manner and by the same person or 
Authority that had appointed the member whose place has become vacant and the person appointed to 
the vacancy shall be a member of such Authority for the residue of the term for which the person whose 
place he fills would have been a member. 
 
42. Flaws in the constitution of Authorities. – Where there is a flaw in the constitution of an 
Authority, as constituted by this Act, the Statutes or the Re gulations on account of the abolition of a 
specified office under Government or because an organization, institution or other body outside the 
Institute has been dissolved or has ceased to function, or because of some other similar reason, such flaw 
shall be removed in such manner as the Board may direct.  
 
43. Proceedings of Authorities not invalidated by the vacancies. – No act, resolution or 
decision of any Authority shall be invalid by reason of any vacancy on the Authority doing, passing, or 
making it o r by reason of any want of qualification or invalidity in the election, appointment or 
nomination of any de facto member of the Authority, whether present or absent.  
 
44. Removal of difficulties .– (1) If any question arises as to the interpretation of any  of the 
provisions of the Act, it shall be placed before the Chancellor whose decision thereon shall be final. 
 
(2) If any difficulty arises in giving effect to any of the provisions of the Act, the Chancellor may 
make such order after obtaining the views of the Board, not inconsistent with the provisions of the Act, 
as may appear to him to be necessary for removing the difficulty.  
 
(3) Where the Act makes any provision for anything to be done but no provision or no sufficient 
provision has been made as respects the authority by whom, or the time at which, or the manner in which, 
it shall be done, then it shall be done by such authority, at such time, or in such manner as the Chancellor 
may direct after obtaining the views of the Board. 
  
45. Indemnity. – No suit or legal proceedings shall lie against the Institute or any Authority, 
officer or employee of the Institute or any person in respect of anything which is done in good faith under 
the Act. 
 
_______________ 
 
 
 
 
          RGN Dated: 19-03-2026